Topic
Pipecolic acid
About: Pipecolic acid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 790 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15720 citations. The topic is also known as: homoproline & pipecolinic acid.
Papers published on a yearly basis
1 / 2
Papers
TL;DR: It is concluded that Pip orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of salicylic acid biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resistance induction and the establishment of SAR.
Abstract: Metabolic signals orchestrate plant defenses against microbial pathogen invasion. Here, we report the identification of the non-protein amino acid pipecolic acid (Pip), a common Lys catabolite in plants and animals, as a critical regulator of inducible plant immunity. Following pathogen recognition, Pip accumulates in inoculated Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, in leaves distal from the site of inoculation, and, most specifically, in petiole exudates from inoculated leaves. Defects of mutants in AGD2-LIKE DEFENSE RESPONSE PROTEIN1 (ALD1) in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and in basal, specific, and β-aminobutyric acid–induced resistance to bacterial infection are associated with a lack of Pip production. Exogenous Pip complements these resistance defects and increases pathogen resistance of wild-type plants. We conclude that Pip accumulation is critical for SAR and local resistance to bacterial pathogens. Our data indicate that biologically induced SAR conditions plants to more effectively synthesize the phytoalexin camalexin, Pip, and salicylic acid and primes plants for early defense gene expression. Biological priming is absent in the pipecolate-deficient ald1 mutants. Exogenous pipecolate induces SAR-related defense priming and partly restores priming responses in ald1. We conclude that Pip orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of salicylic acid biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resistance induction and the establishment of SAR.
605 citations
TL;DR: A pathogen-inducible L-Lys catabolic pathway in plants that generates the N-hydroxylated amino acid NHP as a critical regulator of systemic acquired resistance to pathogen infection is identified.
361 citations
TL;DR: A complex web of cross-interacting signals appears to activate SAR in uninfected tissues via an independent pathway that may impinge on these other signaling pathway(s) during de novo salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis in the systemic tissue.
346 citations
TL;DR: Tentative evidence is presented for the presence of N-methylalanine, N-ethylglycine, beta-aminoisobutyric acid, and norvaline that appear to be extraterrestrial in origin and may provide new evidence for the hypothesis of chemical evolution.
Abstract: Twelve nonprotein amino acids appear to be present in the Murchison meteorite. The identity of eight of them has been conclusively established as N-methylglycine, β-alanine, 2-methylalanine, α-amino-n-butyric acid, β-amino-n-butyric acid, γ-amino-n-butyric acid, isovaline, and pipecolic acid. Tentative evidence is presented for the presence of N-methylalanine, N-ethylglycine, β-aminoisobutyric acid, and norvaline. These amino acids appear to be extraterrestrial in origin and may provide new evidence for the hypothesis of chemical evolution.
296 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that TGA1 and TGA4 regulate Pip and SA biosynthesis by modulating the expression of SARD1 and CBP60g.
Abstract: Salicylic acid (SA) and pipecolic acid (Pip) play important roles in plant immunity. Here we analyzed the roles of transcription factors TGACG-BINDING FACTOR 1 (TGA1) and TGA4 in regulating SA and Pip biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. We quantified the expression levels of SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1 (SARD1) and CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN 60g (CBP60g), which encode two master transcription factors of plant immunity, and the accumulation of SA and Pip in tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant plants. We tested whether SARD1 and CBP60g are direct targets of TGA1 by chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR). In addition to promoting pathogen-induced SA biosynthesis, we found that SARD1 and CBP60g also positively regulated Pip biosynthesis by targeting genes encoding key biosynthesis enzymes of Pip. TGA1/TGA4 were required for full induction of SARD1 and CBP60g in plant defense. ChIP-PCR analysis showed that SARD1 was a direct target of TGA1. In tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant plants, the expression levels of SARD1 and CBP60g along with SA and Pip accumulation following pathogen infection were dramatically reduced compared with those in wild-type plants. Consistent with reduced expression of SARD1 and CBP60g, pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-induced pathogen resistance and systemic acquired resistance were compromised in tga1-1 tga4-1. Our study showed that TGA1 and TGA4 regulate Pip and SA biosynthesis by modulating the expression of SARD1 and CBP60g.
175 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 5 |
| 2024 | 14 |
| 2023 | 9 |
| 2022 | 18 |
| 2021 | 11 |
| 2020 | 18 |