Topic
Picture language
About: Picture language is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 533 publications have been published within this topic receiving 19119 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
TL;DR: It was found that theclass of context-sensitive languages is learnable from an informant, but that not even the class of regular languages is learningable from a text.
Abstract: Language learnability has been investigated. This refers to the following situation: A class of possible languages is specified, together with a method of presenting information to the learner about an unknown language, which is to be chosen from the class. The question is now asked, “Is the information sufficient to determine which of the possible languages is the unknown language?” Many definitions of learnability are possible, but only the following is considered here: Time is quantized and has a finite starting time. At each time the learner receives a unit of information and is to make a guess as to the identity of the unknown language on the basis of the information received so far. This process continues forever. The class of languages will be considered learnable with respect to the specified method of information presentation if there is an algorithm that the learner can use to make his guesses, the algorithm having the following property: Given any language of the class, there is some finite time after which the guesses will all be the same and they will be correct. In this preliminary investigation, a language is taken to be a set of strings on some finite alphabet. The alphabet is the same for all languages of the class. Several variations of each of the following two basic methods of information presentation are investigated: A text for a language generates the strings of the language in any order such that every string of the language occurs at least once. An informant for a language tells whether a string is in the language, and chooses the strings in some order such that every string occurs at least once. It was found that the class of context-sensitive languages is learnable from an informant, but that not even the class of regular languages is learnable from a text.
3,876 citations
TL;DR: This article found that children analyzed complex events into basic elements and sequenced these elements into hierarchically structured expressions according to principles not observed in gestures accompanying speech in the surrounding language, and that this early segmentation and recombination reflect mechanisms with which children learn, and thereby perpetuate, language.
Abstract: A new sign language has been created by deaf Nicaraguans over the past 25 years, providing an opportunity to observe the inception of universal hallmarks of language. We found that in their initial creation of the language, children analyzed complex events into basic elements and sequenced these elements into hierarchically structured expressions according to principles not observed in gestures accompanying speech in the surrounding language. Successive cohorts of learners extended this procedure, transforming Nicaraguan signing from its early gestural form into a linguistic system. We propose that this early segmentation and recombination reflect mechanisms with which children learn, and thereby perpetuate, language. Thus, children naturally possess learning abilities capable of giving language its fundamental structure.
660 citations
Book•
1 Jan 1949
TL;DR: The role of language in human life, the many functions of language, and how language - sometimes without our knowing - shapes our thinking was discussed by Hayakawa in a thoroughly revised version of his classic "Language in Thought and Action" as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In this thoroughly revised, updated edition of his classic "Language in Thought and Action, " S.I. Hayakawa discusses the role of language in human life, the many functions of language, and how language - sometimes without our knowing - shapes our thinking. The author writes provocatively about the relationship between language and racial and religious prejudice; about the nature and dangers of advertising, from a linguistic point of view; and, in a completely new chapter called "The Empty Eye, " about the content, form, and hidden message of television, from situation comedies to news coverage to political advertising.
619 citations
Book•
[...]
7 Mar 1995
TL;DR: This monograph covers all important research lines of the theory of traces and is organized in such a way that each chapter can be read independently - and hence is suitable for advanced courses/seminars on formal language theory and the Theory of concurrent systems.
Abstract: The theory of traces belongs to both formal language theory and the theory of concurrent systems. In both these disciplines it is a well-recognized and dynamic research area. Within formal language theory it yields the theory of partially commutative monoids, and provides an important connection between languages and graphs. Within the theory of concurrent systems it provides an important formal framework for the analysis and synthesis of concurrent systems. This monograph covers all important research lines of the theory of traces - each chapter of the book is devoted to one research line and is written by leading experts. It is organized in such a way that each chapter can be read independently - and hence is suitable for advanced courses/seminars on formal language theory and the theory of concurrent systems.
565 citations
1 Apr 1997
TL;DR: The aim of this chapter is to generalize concepts and techniques of formal language theory to two dimensions.
Abstract: The aim of this chapter is to generalize concepts and techniques of formal language theory to two dimensions. Informally, a two-dimensional string is called a picture and is defined as a rectangular array of symbols taken from a finite alphabet. A two-dimensional language (or picture language) is a set of pictures.
473 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 2 |
| 2022 | 2 |
| 2021 | 3 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2019 | 2 |
| 2018 | 5 |