Topic
Physical disability
About: Physical disability is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2607 publications have been published within this topic receiving 85714 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
1 / 2
Papers
1 Nov 1998
TL;DR: Estimates of the overall burden of musculoskeletal pain that combine the results of site specific surveys will be too high, and those that do not adjust for socioeconomic factors will beToo low.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Epidemiologically-based rheumatology healthcare needs assessment requires an understanding of the incidence and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the community, of the reasons why people consult in primary care, and of the proportion of people who would benefit from referral to secondary care and paramedical services. This paper reports the first phase of such a needs assessment exercise. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE To estimate the relative frequency of musculoskeletal pain in different, and multiple, anatomical sites in the adult population. SETTING Three general practices in the former Tameside and Glossop Health Authority, Greater Manchester, UK, a predominantly urban area. DESIGN Population survey. METHODS An age and sex stratified sample of 6000 adults from the three practices was mailed a questionnaire that sought data on demographic factors, musculoskeletal symptoms (pain in the past month lasting for more than a week), and physical disability (using the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire- mHAQ). The areas of pain covered were neck, back, shoulder, elbow, hand, hip, knee, and multiple joints. The Carstairs index was used as a measure of social deprivation of the postcode sector in which the person lived. RESULTS The response rate after two reminders was 78.5%. Non-responders were more likely to live in areas of high social deprivation. People who lived in more deprived areas were also more likely to report musculoskeletal pain, especially backpain. After adjusting for social deprivation the rates of musculoskeletal pain did not differ between the practices and so their results were combined. After adjustment for social deprivation, the most common site of pain was back (23%; 95% CI 21, 25) followed by knee (19%; 95% CI 18, 21), and shoulder (16%; 95% CI 14, 17). The majority of subjects who reported pain had pain in more than one site. The prevalence of physical disability in the community rose with age. It was highest in those with multiple joint problems but was also high in those with isolated back or knee pain. CONCLUSION Musculoskeletal pain is common in the community. People who live in socially deprived areas have more musculoskeletal symptoms. Estimates of the overall burden of musculoskeletal pain that combine the results of site specific surveys will be too high, those that do not adjust for socioeconomic factors will be too low.
1,155 citations
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1 Aug 19831,052 citations
TL;DR: The synthesis and assessment of current evidence about the importance of physical disability to older adults and the applications of research findings to clinical geriatrics practice are considered.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This article synthesizes and assesses current evidence about the importance of physical disability to older adults It then considers the applications of research findings to clinical geriatrics practice
RESULTS: Physical disability is a major adverse health outcome associated with aging Certain subgroups of older adults, including individuals with mobility difficulty, with preclinical functional changes, and persons who are hospitalized, are at particularly high risk of becoming disabled or experiencing disability progression The major underlying causes of physical disability are chronic diseases, including both acute events, such as hip fracture and stroke and slowly progressive diseases such as arthritis and heart disease These diseases appear to have task-specific effects; understanding this may assist in setting treatment and prevention goals Comorbidity, particularly certain combinations of chronic diseases, is a strong risk factor for disability in itself Recent trials indicate that clinical interventions may be able to prevent onset or progression of disability
CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence now suggests clinical approaches to both treatment and prevention of disability and directions for defining optimal clinical care for the future
937 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that cognitive dysfunction is a major factor in determining the quality of life of patients with MS.
Abstract: We designed a study to assess the specific contribution of cognitive dysfunction to multiple sclerosis patients9 problems in daily living. Based on the results of a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, we classified 100 MS patients as either cognitively intact (N = 52) or cognitively impaired (N = 48). In addition to a neurologic examination, MS patients completed questionnaires on mood and social functioning, underwent a comprehensive in‐home occupational therapy evaluation, and were rated by a close relative or friend regarding specific personality characteristics. While there were no significant differences between the two groups on measures of physical disability and illness duration, patients in the cognitively impaired group were less likely to be working, engaged in fewer social and avocational activities, reported more sexual dysfunction, experienced greater difficulty in performing routine household tasks, and exhibited more psychopathology than cognitively intact patients. These findings suggest that cognitive dysfunction is a major factor in determining the quality of life of patients with MS. NEUROLOGY 1991;41:692‐696
894 citations
TL;DR: The consistent relationship of psychopathology and disability indicates the compelling personal and socioeconomic impact of common mental illnesses across cultures and suggests the importance of impairments of higher-order human capacities as determinants of functional disability.
Abstract: Objective. —To examine the impact of common mental illness on functional disability and the cross-cultural consistency of this relationship while controlling for physical illness. A secondary objective was to determine the level of disability associated with specific psychiatric disorders. Design. —A cross-sectional sample selected by two-stage sampling. Setting. —Primary health care facilities in 14 countries covering most major cultures and languages. Patients. —A total of 25916 consecutive attenders of these facilities were screened for psychopathology using the General Health Questionnaire (96% response). Screened patients were sampled from the General Health Questionnaire score strata for the second-stage Composite International Diagnostic Interview administered to 5447 patients (62% response). Main Outcome Measures. —Patient-reported physical disability, number of disability days, and interviewer-rated occupational role functioning. Results. —After controlling for physical disease severity, psychopathology was consistently associated with increased disability. Physical disease severity was an independent, although weaker, contributor to disability. A dose-response relationship was found between severity of mental illness and disability. Disability was most prominent among patients with major depression, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, and neurasthenia; disorder-specific differences were modest after controlling for psychiatric comorbidity. Results were consistent across disability measures and across centers. Conclusions. —The consistent relationship of psychopathology and disability indicates the compelling personal and socioeconomic impact of common mental illnesses across cultures. This suggests the importance of impairments of higher-order human capacities (eg, emotion, motivation, and cognition) as determinants of functional disability. (JAMA. 1994;272:1741-1748)
870 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 18 |
| 2024 | 24 |
| 2023 | 41 |
| 2022 | 51 |
| 2021 | 136 |
| 2020 | 117 |