TL;DR: A phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA sequences recovered the new species nested within the Physalaemus deimaticus species group and it is morphologically similar to P. rupestris.
Abstract: We describe a new species of Physalaemus assigned to the Physalaemus signifer Clade, and it is morphologically similar to P. rupestris, from the highlands of the Serra do Cipo in the southern Espinhaco Range, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. The new species is diagnosed by using the following combination of character states: presence of an arrow-shaped blotch on the dorsum of body; presence of a median longitudinal light stripe over urostyle region; belly and ventral surface of thigh marbled with dark gray irregularly shaped blotches on a bluish background; absence of reddish coloration over axillary and inguinal regions in live individuals; bright orange dots scattered over head, upper lip, and dorsum of body in live individuals; ventral surface of hand and foot red in live individuals; small size (adult male SVL=16.2-18.2 mm); presence of brown, not divided, nuptial pad in males; END/ED in males ranging from 0.85-0.93; supernumerary tubercles on foot absent; tarsal fold absent; tarsal tubercle absent; texture of posterior region of belly and ventral surface of thigh smooth; advertisement call composed of two note types (note A + B); advertisement call duration of 0.80-1.28 s; note A with ascending amplitude until mid-note then descending towards the end of the note; note B with pulses arranged in 5-7 groups; and dominant frequency of note A from 1734.4-2765.6 Hz and of note B from 1507.3-2859.4 Hz. A phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA sequences recovered the new species nested within the Physalaemus deimaticus species group. Additionally, we redescribe the call of Physalaemus rupestris and provide a review of the geographic distribution and conservation status of the species belonging to the P. deimaticus species group.
TL;DR: The tadpole and the advertisement call of Physalaemus erythros Caramaschi, Feio & Guimaraes-Neto, 2003 from Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, Municipality of Ouro Preto, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil are described.
Abstract: We describe the tadpole and the advertisement call of Physalaemus erythros Caramaschi, Feio & Guimaraes-Neto, 2003 from Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, Municipality of Ouro Preto, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Our data are compared with the information available for Physalaemus rupestris, the only species of the Physalaemus deimaticus species group with known tadpole and advertisement calls.
TL;DR: One of these groups, the Physalaemus deimaticus group, is restricted to high elevation inland montane fields, known as campos rupestres, in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil.
Abstract: One of these groups, the Physalaemus deimaticus group, which includes Physalaemus erythros Caramaschi, Feio and Guimaraes-Neto, 2003, Physalaemus deimaticus Sazima and Caramaschi, 1988, and Physalaemus rupestris Caramaschi, Carcerelli and Feio, 1991 is restricted to high elevation inland montane fields, known as campos rupestres, in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Physalaemus deimaticus and P. rupestris are know only from their type localities, at Serra do Cipo, municipality of Jaboticatubas and at Serra do Ibitipoca, municipality of Lima Duarte, respectively (Sazima and Caramaschi 1988; Caramaschi et al. 1991; Nascimento et al. 2005; Cruz and Feio 2007; Frost 2009). Recently, P. erythros were found at Serra do Caraca, municipality of Catas Altas, 33 Km northwards its type locality, at Serra do Itacolomi, municipality of Ouro Preto (Baeta and Silva 2009).