Topic
Phyllostomus
About: Phyllostomus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 28 publications have been published within this topic receiving 414 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used reciprocal chromosome painting to compare two species from different subfamilies, Phyllostomus hastatus and Carollia brevicauda, which have large morphological and chromosomal differences.
Abstract: The Neotropical Phyllostomidae family is the third largest in the order Chiroptera, with 56 genera and 140 species. Most researchers accept this family as monophyletic but its species are anatomically diverse and complex, leading to disagreement on its systematics and evolutionary relationships. Most of the genera of Phyllostomidae have highly conserved karyotypes but with intense intergeneric variability, which makes any comparative analysis using classical banding difficult. The use of chromosome painting is a modern way of genomic comparison on the cytological level, and will clarify the intense intergenus chromosomal variability in Phyllostomidae. Whole chromosome probes of species were produced as a tool for evolutionary studies in this family from two species from different subfamilies, Phyllostomus hastatus and Carollia brevicauda, which have large morphological and chromosomal differences, and these probes were used in reciprocal chromosome painting. The hybridization of the Phyllostomus probes on the Carollia genome revealed 24 conserved segments, while the Carollia probes on the Phyllostomus genome detected 26 segments. Many chromosome rearrangements have occurred during the divergence of these two genera. The sequence of events suggested a large number of rearrangements during the differentiation of the genera followed by high chromosomal stability within each genus.
50 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the five species of Phyllostomus (including P. stenops ) comprise a natural assemblage and that the sister-group relationship of P. elongatus and P. hastatus is in agreement with immunologic data.
Abstract: A 402 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced for all five recognized species of the New World bat genus Phyllostomus as well as three additional representatives of the tribe Phyllostomini ( Macrophyllum , Lonchorhina , Tonatia ) to evaluate: a) whether the genus Phyllostomus , with the inclusion of P. stenops , comprises a monophyletic group; b) the phylogenetic relationships within this genus; c) the hypothesis that these five species diverged at approximately the same evolutionary time. Within Phyllostomus , percent-sequence divergence ranged from 7.0% ( P. latifolious compared with P. discolor ) to 13.4% ( P. elongatus compared with P. stenops ) with a mean of 10.6%. It is concluded that the five species of Phyllostomus (including P. stenops ) comprise a natural assemblage and that the sister-group relationship of P. elongatus and P. hastatus is in agreement with immunologic data. The possibility that P. stenops, P. latifolious, P. discolor , and the lineage giving rise to the P. elongatus / P. hastatus clade diverged at the same approximate geologic time cannot be ruled out by the available data.
40 citations
TL;DR: This study reports the first records of the parasitism rates of the association among ectoparasitic flies of the family Streblidae found in phyllostomid bats in the state of Maranhão.
Abstract: This study reports the first records of the parasitism rates of the association among ectoparasitic flies of the family Streblidae found in phyllostomid bats in the state of Maranhao. Specimens were collected in patches of secondary forest and borders of mangrove in the village of Quebra Pote, located in the south portion of the island of Sao Luis. A total of 201 flies of 15 species and eight genera [Aspidoptera falcata Wenzel, A. phyllostomatis (Perty), Mastoptera minuta Costa Lima, Megistopoda aranea (Coquillett), M. proxima (Seguy), Speiseria ambigua Kessel, Stizostrebla longirotris Jobling, Strebla guajiro (Garcia & Casal), S. hertigi Wenzel, Trichobioides perspicillatus (Pessoa & Galvao), Trichobius costalimai Guimaraes, T. dugesii Townsend, T. dugesioides phyllostomus Guerrero, T. joblingi Wenzel and T. longipes (Rudow)] were collected from 50 individuals of nine species of phyllostomid bats [Artibeus lituratus (Olfers), A. obscurus Schinz, Carollia perspicillata L., Glossophaga soricina Pallas, Lophostoma carrikeri J A Allen, Micronycteris minuta Gervais, Phyllostomus discolor Wagner, P.hastatus Pallas and Sturnira lilium E Geoffroy)]. Mastoptera minuta, T. costalimai, T. longipes, A. falcata and S. longirostris, were the most frequently found ectoparasites, present in at least 50% of the infected bats. Two species of bats, C. perspicillata e P. discolor, showed the highest richness of ectoparasites, with four species of flies each, and an infection rate of 46% and 100%, respectively.
34 citations
TL;DR: Nectar production per capitulum is within the reported range of nectar produced by this pantropical genus, and this genus-wide range seems to be optimal for attracting non-specialized nectar-feeding bats and forces them to visit capitula of several trees to satisfy their dietary needs, thus increasing the probability of cross-pollination for this plant.
Abstract: During the past several decades, the pollination biology of Old World plant species pollinated by flying foxes and of New World plants pollinated by highly specialized nectar-feeding glossophagine bats has been studied in detail. However, little is known about Neotropical plants that are pollinated by less specialized phyllostomid bats. Therefore, we studied the pollination biology of Parkia pendula, a tree pollinated by Phyllostomus. Flowers of P. pendula are arranged in capitula, and a capitulum is composed of approximately 800 hermaphrodite flowers and 260 sterile flowers. The sterile flowers produced a total of 7.4 ml nectar per night, with a sugar concentration of 14.95%, and proline as the dominant amino acid. Nectar production is highest at dusk and ends at 03:00 h. The floral scent is dominated by monoterpenoids (97.9%), with (E)-beta-ocimene being the dominant (84.0%) compound. No sulfur compounds were detected. The capitula are heavily visited by four species of phyllostomid bats, of which Phyllostomus discolor is the most abundant (98.9%). Nectar production per capitulum is within the reported range of nectar produced by this pantropical genus (5.0-8.0 ml). This genus-wide range seems to be optimal for attracting non-specialized nectar-feeding bats and forces them to visit capitula of several trees to satisfy their dietary needs, thus increasing the probability of cross-pollination for this plant.
26 citations
TL;DR: Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from 8 of 176 samples of soil taken in Trinidad, W.I. four of these were associated with the presence of bats and one was in a small abandoned ammunition cave.
Abstract: Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from 8 of 176 samples of soil taken in Trinidad, WI Four of these were associated with the presence of bats (Molossus a ater, M m major, Carollia p perspicillta, Phyllostomus h hastatus, Glossophaga s soricina) in buildngs, 3 were beneath a bat roost (Sarcopteryx bilineata perspicillifer) above buttressed roots of a silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) and 1 was in a small abandoned ammunition cave
25 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2019 | 1 |
| 2017 | 2 |
| 2014 | 1 |
| 2013 | 2 |
| 2011 | 2 |
| 2010 | 1 |