TL;DR: This work redescribes U. brasiliensis based on comparison of types and additional specimens, formerly place U. latus Miranda Ribeiro 1903 as a junior synonym of U. Brasiliensis, and provides an updated map of distribution.
Abstract: Urophycis Gill 1864 is a genus of demersal fish composed by eight valid species with anti-tropical distributions in the western Atlantic. Only two species occur in the South Atlantic: U. brasiliensis (Kaup 1858) and U. mystacea Miranda Ribeiro 1903 . These species have similar ranges from southeastern Brazil to northern Argentina, but U. brasiliensis occurs in more shallow waters than U. mystacea . Both species are important fishery resources in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Herein, we redescribe U. brasiliensis based on comparison of types and additional specimens, including the description of the Sagitta otolith, formerly place U. latus Miranda Ribeiro 1903 as a junior synonym of U. brasiliensis , and provide an updated map of distribution.
TL;DR: The results within the gadiform group indicate that (1) Gadidae and Lotidae are more closely related to each other than to Merluccidae, (2) Phycidae is more distant related to Lotidae than earlier considered, and (3) Zoarcidae seem to be more distantrelated to Gadus than other species of Gadiformes.
Abstract: The immunoglobulin (Ig) level in serum from Atlantic cod, Gudus morhua L. (Teleostomi, Gadiformes), was measured using ELISA. Cod serum contains 5.62 ± 0.19 mg Ig ml, which constitute 17.2% of the total serum proteins.
Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (Ab) against cod-Ig were used for cross-reactivity studies in sera from other species. The cross-reaction with polyclonal Ab was high in gadifom fish, and low or absent in the other tested species. Immunoprecipitation showed that the Ab only binds to the Ig of the serum from the other species. The results within the gadiform group indicate that (1) Gadidae and Lotidae are more closely related to each other than to Merluccidae, (2) Phycidae is more distant related to Lotidae than earlier considered, (3) Zoarcidae seem to be more distant related to Gadus than other species of Gadiformes. These results support recent revisions of the systematics of Gadiformes.
Monoclonal Ab against the heavy chain of cod-Ig show no, or small (< 15%) cross-reactions with serum from gadiform species. One monoclonal Ab against the light chain shows high cross-reaction and also binds to Ig from species outside the Gadiformes, indicating that the light chain of Ig might be more conserved than the heavy chain.
TL;DR: It is concluded that gadoids have evolved with the Atlantic continental shelves and their distribution (and bipolarity) is a consequence of the geological processes which have formed the Atlantic Ocean.
TL;DR: Secondary structure features of mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs of bony fishes were investigated by a DNA sequence alignment approach and Gadidae was identified as the most derived of the gadiform families.
TL;DR: The new species is distinguished from B. flexicolle Kabata, 1961, B. elongata (Maillard, 1970) and B. nanaflexicolle Dronen, Rubec & Underwood, 1977 by the much smaller size of the body and most organs, the large ventral sucker and sucker width ratio and the shape of the gonads.
Abstract: Bathycreadium brayi n. sp. is described based on specimens collected from the deep-sea greater forkbeard Phycis blennoides (Brunnich) (Gadiformes: Phycidae) in the Western Mediterranean. The new species is distinguished from B. flexicolle Kabata, 1961, B. elongata (Maillard, 1970) and B. nanaflexicolle Dronen, Rubec & Underwood, 1977 by the much smaller size of the body and most organs, the large (in relation to body length and width) ventral sucker and the distinctly more anterior extent of the vitelline fields and from B. biscayense Bray, 1973 in having a narrower body, longer forebody and oesophagus, distinctly smaller ventral sucker and sucker width ratio and the shape of the gonads. Re-examination of the type-material of B. biscayense revealed that the original description of this species is based on composite material. A redescription of B. biscayense based on adult specimens from its type-host, Trachyrincus scabrus (Rafinesque), and new data based on the re-examination of the type-specimens of B. flexicolle and B. elongata are also provided.