Topic
Phaps
About: Phaps is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18 publications have been published within this topic receiving 157 citations.
Papers
Book•
1 Apr 2015
TL;DR: In Pigeons and Doves in Australia, Joseph Forshaw and William Cooper have summarised the current knowledge of all species, including those occurring on Christmas, Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, and with superb artwork have given readers a visual appreciation of the birds in their natural habitats.
Abstract: Possibly the most successful urban birds, pigeons and doves in the Order Columbiformes are one of the most easily recognised groups. They are an ancient and very successful group with an almost worldwide distribution and are most strongly represented in tropical and subtropical regions, including Australia. In most species simple plumage patterns feature mainly grey and brown with black, white or dull reddish markings, but the highly colourful fruit-doves include some of the most beautiful of all birds.
From dense rainforests of north Queensland, where brilliantly plumaged Superb Fruit-Doves Ptilinopus superbus are heard more easily than seen, to cold, windswept heathlands of Tasmania, where Brush Bronzewings Phaps elegans are locally common, most regions of Australia are frequented by one or more species. For more than a century after arrival of the First Fleet, interest in these birds focused on the eating qualities of larger species. In addition to contributing to declines of local populations in some parts of Australia, excessive hunting brought about the extinction of two species on Lord Howe Island and another species on Norfolk Island.
In Pigeons and Doves in Australia, Joseph Forshaw and William Cooper have summarised our current knowledge of all species, including those occurring on Christmas, Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, and with superb artwork have given readers a visual appreciation of the birds in their natural habitats. Historical accounts of extinct species are also included. Detailed information on management practices for all species is presented, ensuring that Pigeons and Doves in Australia will become the standard reference work on these birds for ornithologists and aviculturists.
Winner of a 2015 Whitley Awards Certificate of Commendation for Illustrated Text.
48 citations
TL;DR: Crop contents of pigeons were studied near Griffith, NSW; further development of agriculture might favour the crested pigeon and affect adversely the bronzewing.
Abstract: Crop contents of pigeons were studied near Griffith, NSW. For 740 crested pigeons (Ocyphaps lophotes) in pastoral country, food was 85.5% seeds, 13.5% green leaf and 0.7% insects and other animals, by volume. The most important were seeds of introduced weeds and pasture plants. In drought the pigeons survived mainly on seeds of the introduced weed Paterson's Curse (Echium lycopsis) and during high rainfall they fed mainly on the abundant herbage. On roadsides, during a 6-month period, spilled wheat was 46.9% of food and the rest was introduced weed seed.Common bronzewings (Phaps chalcoptera) ate mainly seeds, 98.8% of food; 79% of food was from cultivated plants and introduced weeds. The most important single source was waste wheat seed, but in late winter and spring, native seeds were important. Both species are secure for the present; further development of agriculture might favour the crested pigeon and affect adversely the bronzewing.
24 citations
TL;DR: Patients with PHAPS were more likely than controls to have mitral valve disease, skin disease, CNS involvement, and pregnancy morbidity as well as high-titer APS, which seems to be a unique subgroup of all patients with APS.
Abstract: Objective. To characterize the clinical manifestations of patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and pulmonary hemorrhage (PH).
Methods. We performed a retrospective, single-center analysis of patients with APS who were followed up from 1980 to 2011. Of these patients, only those who fulfilled the Sydney criteria for APS were included. Patients with APS that manifested with PH were called the PHAPS group. The rest of the patients with APS served as controls. Clinical manifestations were compared between the PHAPS group and controls.
Results. Sixty-three patients fulfilled the criteria for APS. Thirteen experienced PH and were included in the PHAPS group. Seventy-five percent of the patients with PHAPS and 22% of the controls had mitral valve disease (p = 0.001). Central nervous system (CNS) involvement (cerebrovascular accident, seizures) was present in 61% and 16% of the patients with PHAPS and controls, respectively (p = 0.001). Skin involvement (livedo reticularis, chronic leg ulcers) was present in 54% and 8% of the patients with PHAPS and controls (p = 0.001). Pregnancy morbidity occurred in 87.5% and 32.5% of the patients with PHAPS and controls (p = 0.005). Ninety-two percent and 83% of the patients with PHAPS had high-titer immunoglobulin γ (IgG) anticardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein I IgG antibodies compared to 43% and 30% of the controls (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion. Patients with PHAPS were more likely than controls to have mitral valve disease, skin disease, CNS involvement, and pregnancy morbidity as well as high-titer APS. PHAPS seems to be a unique subgroup of all patients with APS.
19 citations
TL;DR: The Brush Bronzewing had apparently reached its maximum cutaneous water loss at 30 °C and relied on panting to cool at higher Ta and had a lower skin resistance than the Crested Pigeon at Ta=45-°C, with skin resistance decreasing as Ta increased.
Abstract: The metabolic physiology of the Crested Pigeon (Ocyphaps lophotes) and the Brush Bronzewing (Phaps elegans) is generally similar to that expected for birds of their size, but the Crested Pigeon has a number of characteristics which would aid survival in hot and dry regions. Body temperature increased similarly for the Crested Pigeon (from 38.8 degrees C to 41.5 degrees C) and the Brush Bronzewing (39.3 degrees C to 41.4 degrees C) over ambient temperatures (T(a)s) from 10 degrees C to 35 degrees C. Both species became hyperthermic (body temperature, T(b)>42 degrees C) at T(a)=45 degrees C. Basal metabolic rate of the Crested Pigeon (0.65 ml O(2) g(-1) h(-1) at 40 degrees C) was approximately 71% of that predicted for a columbid bird, while BMR of the Brush Bronzewing (0.87 ml O(2) g(-1) h(-1) at 20 degrees C to 40 degrees C) was approximately 102% of predicted. Total evaporative water loss increased exponentially with T(a) for both species, from 12 mg H(2)O g(-1) h(-1) at 45 degrees C. It was similar and low for both species at T(a) 30 degrees C. Ventilatory minute volume matched oxygen consumption, such that oxygen extraction efficiency did not change with T(a) and was similar for both species (approximately 20%). Expired air temperature was considerably lower than T(b) for both species at T(a)<35 degrees C, potentially reducing respiratory water loss by approximately 65% at T(a)=10 degrees C to approximately 30% at T(a)=35 degrees C. Cutaneous evaporative cooling was significant for both species, with skin resistance decreasing as T(a) increased. The Crested Pigeon had a lower skin resistance than the Brush Bronzewing at T(a)=45 degrees C. The Brush Bronzewing had apparently reached its maximum cutaneous water loss at 30 degrees C and relied on panting to cool at higher T(a).
13 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that, although the gonad cycles were controlled mainly by changes in photo-period, the abundance of food and the effects of rainfall on it were important in modifying the cycle.
Abstract: The gonad cycles of the crested pigeon Ocyphaps lophotes and the common bronzewing Phaps chalcoptera in inland New South Wales, and the plumed pigeon Geophaps plumifera and the red- plumed pigeon G. ferruginea in central and north-western Australia, have been studied. In each species some males were producing abundant sperm and some females had enlarged ovarian follicles in each month of the year. There was a tendency for fewer birds to be at the maximum stage of spermatogenesis in autumn and winter than in other seasons. The size of the testis was not indicative of its spermatogenic state. There were annual cycles of gonad size in each species; the maxima were the spring and summer. The timing of the cycles did not differ in the two plumed pigeons but in both species the maxima were earlier than in the other species. Male common bronze-wings achieved maximum gonad size earlier than did male crested pigeons. In addition to the annual cycle there were significant biannual effects in males. Except for the male and female of the red-plumed pigeon, in which they may have had some biological significance, these biannual effects were probably only included to improve the accuracy of the curve fitting. There were significant effects of rainfall on the gonad cycle of all species except the common bronzewing; these were consistent with the expected effect of rainfall on the birds' food supply and nutrition. It was concluded that, although the gonad cycles were controlled mainly by changes in photo-period, the abundance of food and the effects of rainfall on it were important in modifying the cycle.
13 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2020 | 1 |
| 2016 | 1 |
| 2015 | 1 |
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2012 | 1 |