TL;DR: Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene indicates that P. sahit and P. longicauda are not sister taxa, and Pethia sahit has no genetically proximate congener in the Western Ghats region, and differs from known congeners from south and southeast Asia.
Abstract: A new species of the cyprinid genus Pethia is described from the Hiranyakeshi, a tributary of the Krishna River system in the Western Ghats mountain ranges of peninsular India. The new species, Pethia sahit , is syntopic—and shoals together—with Pethia longicauda , a species described recently from the same river. Pethia sahit is distinguished from P. longicauda and its congeners by a combination of characters like, incomplete lateral line with 3–6 pored scales; 19–22 scales in lateral series; 4½ scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral-line row and 2½ scales between lateral line row and pelvic-fin origin; intercalated scale row originates above and after the 6 th scale of the lateral-line scale row; dorsal fin originating behind the pelvic-fin origin; 4+13 abdominal and 12 caudal vertebrae; dorsal, pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins without any bands or spots, deep yellow-orange in color or deep red with a pale tint of orange in mature males; a dark-black vertically elongate humeral spot, overlapping the 4 th lateral-line scale, extending over the base of one scale above and below the 4 th scale; caudal peduncle spot dark, covering 14 th –16 th scales in lateral-line scale row. Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene indicates that P. sahit and P. longicauda are not sister taxa. Further, P. sahit has no genetically proximate congener in the Western Ghats region, and differs from known congeners from south and southeast Asia, for which genetic data are available, with genetic distance ranging from 11.8–16.4%.
TL;DR: Pethia expletiforis, a new cyprinid species from the Ka-ao River, Kaladan drainage, Mizoram, India, is distinguished from its congeners in the Chindwin-Irrawaddy and Ganga-Brahmaputra drainages by the combination of a complete lateral line, nine predorsal scales, 12 circumpeduncular scales, ½4/1/3½ transverse scales.
Abstract: The paper describes Pethia expletiforis, a new cyprinid species from the Ka-ao River, Kaladan drainage, Mizoram, India. It is distinguished from its congeners in the Chindwin-Irrawaddy and Ganga-Brahmaputra drainages by the combination of: a complete lateral line, nine predorsal scales, 12 circumpeduncular scales, ½4/1/3½ transverse scales, a black blotch on the caudal peduncle, and the absence of a humeral mark and barbels.
TL;DR: The length-weight relationships of four indigenous freshwater fishes Parambassis lala, Trichogaster lalius, Puntius terio and Pethia phutunio were determined.
Abstract: Summary
The length-weight relationships of four indigenous freshwater fishes Parambassis lala (Hamilton, 1822), Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822), Puntius terio (Hamilton, 1822), and Pethia phutunio (Hamilton, 1822) were determined. Fish samples were collected during December 2013 to May 2015 from Khalsi, a floodplain wetland along the tributary of the River Ganges in West Bengal state, India using different types of gear (castnets, gillnets and drag nets, stretched mesh sizes of 15–20 mm, 20–30 mm and 5–10 mm, respectively). This is the first report on the length–weight relationship parameters of these four species.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the body shape disparity and proximity among groups can therefore be used as an effective approach in rapid diagnosis of a species and understanding evolutionary relationships between species.
TL;DR: Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence suggests that the species is distinct from other known species of Pethia for which data are available.
Abstract: Pethia sanjaymoluri, a new cyprinid, is described from the Pavana and Nira tributaries of Bhima River, Krishna drainage, Maharashtra, India. It can be distinguished from congeners by a combination of characteristics that includes an incomplete lateral line, absence of barbels, upper lip thick and fleshy, 23-25 lateral series scales, 7-12 lateral-line pored scales, 10 predorsal scales, 11-14 prepelvic scales, 17-20 pre-anal scales, 4½ scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, four scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin, 8-15 pairs of serrae on distal half of dorsal-fin spine, 12-14 branched pectoral-fin rays, 4 + 26 total vertebrae, 4 + 5 predorsal vertebrae, 4 + 13 abdominal vertebrae, 13 caudal vertebrae and a unique colour pattern comprising a humeral spot positioned below the lateral line and encompassing the third and fourth lateral-line scales and one scale below, one caudal spot on 17th-21st lateral-line scales with a yellow hue on its anterior side and apical half of dorsal fin studded with melanophores making the fin tip appear black. Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence suggests that the species is distinct from other known species of Pethia for which data are available.