TL;DR: The consensus from other studies suggests that this phenomenon is a manifestation of the multicentric nature of angiomyolipoma, rather than due to metastasis, and genetic studies may resolve this question in the future.
Abstract: Angiomyolipoma of the kidney is a clonal neoplasm, apparently part of a family of neoplasms derived from perivascular epithelial cells A 40-year-old woman presented with right flank pain and an otherwise non-significant medical history An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed an 18 cm solid mass in the mid-portion of the right kidney and multiple perihilar lymph nodes Presumptive diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma Right radical nephrectomy and a perihilar lymph node dissection was performed through a Chevron incision for the anticipated diagnosis of renal adenocarcinoma The renal tumor was diagnosed as angiomyolipoma and a component was identified pathologically in a dissected lymph node There was no evidence of tumor recurrence in the follow-up period of eight years The consensus from other studies suggests that this phenomenon is a manifestation of the multicentric nature of angiomyolipoma, rather than due to metastasis Genetic studies may resolve this question in the future
TL;DR: The type of computer-aided pathway assistance described here, using 3D MDCT scanning information obtained before the procedure, but interacting with real-time bronchoscopic images during the bronchoscope procedure, should improve the confidence of most bronchoscopists in performing these procedures, with improved clinical outcomes.
Abstract: Background: Mediastinal and perihilar lymph node samples can be acquired safely through the transbronchial approach during a bronchoscopic examination that is usually required as pa
TL;DR: A 28-year-old man without tuberous sclerosis, who complained of pollakisuria, consulted to the authors' hospital for a left renal mass, which revealed a solid mass without a lipid component, 10 cm in diameter, in the left kidney and with regional lymphadenopathy.
Abstract: A 28-year-old man without tuberous sclerosis, who complained of pollakisuria, consulted to our hospital for a left renal mass. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a solid mass without a lipid component, 10 cm in diameter, in the left kidney and with regional lymphadenopathy. Renal arteriography showed a hypervascular mass, demonstrating multiple tumor stains and aneurysms. Left radical nephrectomy and perihilar lymph node dissection were performed for an anticipated diagnosis of malignant tumor in November 2001. The histopathological diagnosis was an angiomyolipoma with lymph node involvement. Immunostaining for myogen markers was positive in the renal mass and lymph node tumors. He was free from disease ten months after surgery.