Abstract: For decades the dismounted soldier has navigated to his mission objective using maps, a compass, and his pace count as navigation tools. Recently, Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers were added as an additional aid to dismounted navigation. However, GPS is limited as a navigation aid by its inability to provide static heading and its lack of availability when used around obstructions (terrain or man-made), or in the presence of jamming. Therefore, maps, a compass, and a pace count are still needed to ensure successful navigation. Under the Force XXI Land Warrior (FXXI LW) program, a Government-Industry team is prototyping an integrated navigation system for the dismounted soldier. The integrated navigation system consists of GPS and a Dead Reckoning Module (DRM). The DRM makes use of state-of-the-art, small, low power electronic components in a single miniaturized package to replace the compass and the need for the soldier to count paces. The DRM design allows hands-free navigation. The DRM data and GPS information are used by a Kalman filter to form an integrated navigation solution by balancing the weaknesses of one sensor using the strengths of the other sensor. The integrated navigation design provides automatic selection of one navigation data source when the data from the other position sensor is corrupted or not available. The design also provides for manual selection/deselection of a navigation source. Upon successful completion of testing, the integrated navigation technology will be transitioned to the Land Warrior (LW) system. This paper will discuss the DRM and the Integrated Navigation development, assessments performed to date, and future plans.

Abstract: Technical and operation concepts for precision landing have evolved around the signal in space characteristics of the Instrument Landing System (ILS). For the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System (GLS), many of these characteristics will be dependent on computational processes inside the airborne receiver. Development of GLS standards creates an opportunity to improve on inherent ILS limitations while retaining useful features. This paper compares proposed GLS guidance algorithms including an approach where nominal ILS features are reproduced as well as alternatives proposed to eliminate features seen as undesirable. Simulated deviation outputs are derived for various maneuvers, including orbits, on-path, and near-path approach trajectories. The potential impact of alternative approaches on aircraft performance during capture, flare, and rollout is shown. Additional considerations addressed include the impact of changes of field verification and flight inspection and the applicability of these concepts to the Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR).

Abstract: Vehicle driving automation can be realized with a high precision navigation system The major concern of such automation system is the safety According to the tunnel concept and Required Navigation Performance (RNP), the safety risk is sum of accuracy, integrity and continuity risks of all components of the whole system A vehicle automation system using high precision differential GNSS navigation system is subject to continuity and integrity risks caused by so called tunnel penetration events This paper analyses navigation accuracy requirement that makes these tunnel event related integrity and continuity risks less than preset values The parameters affecting these continuity and integrity risks are tunnel dimension, the vehicle driving control system error (CSE) and the navigation system error (NSE) The integrity and continuity risk results based on probability density functions of CSE and NSE show that there exists a combination of CSE and NSE accuracy which can guarantee tunnel event related integrity and continuity risks less than preset values

Abstract: SUBTITLE: DEMANDS FOR SARPS ARE GROWING, AND IT IS ONLY A MATTER OF TIME BEFORE GNSS PRECISION APPROACHES WILL BE IMPLEMENTED: THE PRIORITY FOR NOW, HOWEVER, IS TO INTRODUCE EN-ROUTE AND TERMINAL AREA APPLICATIONS THAT CURRENT NAVIGATION AIDS CANNOT SUPPORT ADEQUATELY.

Abstract: This paper describes the design of a high integrity navigation system for use in large autonomous mobile vehicles. A frequency domain model of sensor contributions to navigation system performance is used to study the performance of a conventional navigation loop. On the basis of this, a new navigation system structure is introduced which is capable of detecting faults in any combination of navigation sensors. An example implementation of these principles is described which employs a twin GPS/IMU MMW radar/encoder navigation loop.

Abstract: Principles of integrated navigation and optimal estimation theory are discussed. The complexity of navigation system requirements is described, and a comprehensive system design approach is presented. The paper concludes by looking at specific issues which arise in testing integrated navigation systems. The paper is biased towards military vehicle navigation. However the potential for application in commercial vehicles will be evident.

Abstract: In this paper we investigate the performance of DGPS used for an Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), in 2-D and 3-D navigation mode. The results obtained were treated statistically to determine the differential performance of these modes, which permit us to choose the appropriate mode for our application, such as the success rate during which it is possible to make differential corrections. Forcing the reference station to use the same satellite used by the mobile one in real time has improved significantly the performance of the system in the two modes of navigation. A conclusion has been arrived at which permits us to choose the appropriate mode of navigation satisfying our application.

Abstract: As the Army pursues a digitized battlefield through Force XXI initiatives and Advanced Warfighting Experiments (AWEs), the role of navigation systems is evolving. GPS provides a common, consistent and accurate location grid in which all battlefield players position and navigate themselves. Theater-wide time synchronization is also a benefit afforded by GPS. The advantages for coordinated operations such as rendezvous, amassing of force and heliborne support of ground maneuver elements are obvious. Navigation systems are, however, subject to errors. The errors may arise due to limitations inherent in the technology itself or may be induced by the operating environment including the effects of host platform dynamics, routes, or may be the result of counter measures employed against it. As Force XXI concepts are explored, the importance of navigation and the impact of navigation errors must be clearly understood. To further this understanding, CECOM has chartered the development of CIGNM, the CECOM Integrated GPS/Navigation Model. CIGNM provides a flexible operating environment that can run as a stand-alone, constructive simulation or can operate in a networked environment to play a role in a more complicated simulation architectures. CIGNM simulated environments include GPS jammers, terrain database, and a navigation entity manager that supports virtually any number of players. The navigation error model architecture embodied in CIGNM represents an object-oriented design that is flexible and supports a wide range of model fidelity. Integrated navigation systems architectures can be configured from the library of individual system models contained in the CIGNM model library. Existing models include GPS, Inertial Navigation Units, Doppler/AHRS, barometric altimeter, and ground vehicle odometer. The parameterized models can be configured to represent a wide range of system qualities and behaviors without source code modification. This paper describes the CIGNM operating capabilities and modeling options as well as a Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) experiment in which CIGNM was applied to explore NAVWAR program issues.

Abstract: The Navigation Sensor System Interface (NAVSSI) is designed to integrate shipboard navigation sensors and systems and to provide a single best source of navigation information to all users. SSC-SD is responsible for development and pre-planned product improvement of the NAVSSI including incorporation of ship navigation planning aids, Digital Nautical Charts (DNC), plotting capabilities, addition of navigation sources and users, and accuracy improvements. NAVSSI is an evolutionary acquisition system currently deployed aboard 46 Navy ships, and planned to be deployed on all major U.S. Navy Surface combatants. Improvements currently being worked on include an interface with the Ring Laser Gyro Navigation (RLGN) system, the inclusion of an embedded Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver on a card and the capability to serve digital products from the National Imagery and Mapping Agency, including DNCs. As part of the development of NAVSSI, a study was conducted to investigate the current expected performance, design a "blending" algorithm and determine the expected performance gains. Furthermore, the availability of high-density attitude and attitude rate information provided by the INS, presents an opportunity to improve velocity and attitude. This paper will address both the development of the algorithm to determine the best navigational solution and the inclusion of a GPS Versa Modula Eurocard (VME) Receiver Card (GVRC) in NAVSSI. This latter item is a low cost GPS receiver on a card utilizing the VME based hardware architecture.

Abstract: Application of a Military-off-the-Shelf (MOTS) navigation system The Honeywell H-764G, is being qualified as a primary navigation system for new generation low cost launch vehicles Current commercial market needs are driving leading national aerospace companies to closely examine the new performance and cost advantages of high volume military-off-the-shelf products Leveraging from existing military applications and heritage, Honeywell is opening the door with a smart, low-cost, Space Integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) system