Abstract: Techniques for reporting channel state information (CSI) in a multi-carrier wireless communication system are disclosed. In some examples, a user equipment determines a configuration for reporting CSI for each component carrier (CC) in a plurality of component carriers. For a first subframe, the user equipment determines a priority for transmitting CSI associated with the plurality of CCs based at least in part on the configuration. The user equipment sends, in the first subframe, a CSI report including the prioritized CSI. The CSI report can include CSI for a single CC, or CSI for multiple CCs. For multi-CC reporting of CSI, the user equipment can multiplex CSI reports or CSI elements for the plurality of CCs up to an available payload size.

Abstract: A variety of methods and systems involving sensor-equipped portable devices, such as smartphones and tablet computers, are described. One particular embodiment decodes a digital watermark from imagery captured by the device and, by reference to watermark payload data, obtains salient point data corresponding to an object depicted in the imagery. Other embodiments obtain salient point data for an object through use of other technologies (e.g., NFC chips). The salient point data enables the device to interact with the object in a spatially-dependent manner. Many other features and arrangements are also detailed.

Abstract: This memo describes an RTP payload format for Scalable Video Coding (SVC) as defined in_Annex G of ITU-T Recommendation H.264, which is technically identical to Amendment 3 of ISO/IEC International Standard 14496-10. The RTP payload format allows for packetization of one or more Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) units in each RTP packet payload, as well as fragmentation of a NAL unit in multiple RTP packets. Furthermore, it supports transmission of an SVC stream over a single as well as multiple RTP sessions. For single-session streams the packetization modes of RFC 3984 are used, whereas for multi-session streams four different packetization modes are defined in this memo. The multi-session packetization modes extend the packetization modes defined in RFC 3984. The payload format is backwards compatible to RFC 3984, and has wide applicability in videoconferencing, Internet video streaming, and high bit-rate entertainment-quality video, among others.

Abstract: An interactive display system including a wireless pointing device including a camera or other video capture system. The pointing device captures images displayed by the computer, including one or more human-imperceptible positioning targets. The positioning targets are presented as patterned modulation of the intensity (e.g., variation in pixel intensity) in a display frame of the visual payload, followed by the opposite modulation in a successive frame. At least two captured image frames are subtracted from one another to recover the positioning target in the captured visual data and to remove the displayed image payload. The location, size, and orientation of the recovered positioning target identify the aiming point of the remote pointing device relative to the display. Another embodiment uses temporal sequencing of positioning targets (either human-perceptible or human-imperceptible) to position the pointing device.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for migrating data between cloud networks via a data distribution service. In aspects, an administrator of a data payload may wish to migrate the data payload from a host cloud network to a target cloud provider to leverage cost, security, redundancy, consolidation, or other advantages. The data distribution service can identify target cloud providers with sets of resources that are capable of hosting the data payload. Further, the data distribution service can determine that the target cloud providers are connected to or capable of being connected to the data distribution service via a set of dedicated communication channels. According to aspects, the data distribution service can receive the data payload from the host cloud network, and transport the data payload to a selected target cloud provider via the set of dedicated communication channels.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose to optimize energy consumption in heterogeneous wireless networks through joint packet size optimization. Specifically, we consider a two-hop data communication system composed of a body sensor network (BSN) and a WiFi network. Within the system, we formulate an energy consumption optimization problem with the constraints of both throughput and time delay. Mathematically, we convert this problem into a geometric programming (GP) problem, which is then numerically solved. The solutions can be used by both the BSN and the WiFi network to dynamically change their packets' payload sizes based on their current packet delivery ratios (PDRs). Since the PDRs are time-varying, we tabulate an offline payload size lookup table for online packet size selection using PDRs as indices. Finally, we collect PDRs from a deployed two-hop BSN-WiFi network and simulate the energy consumption. The performance evaluation results show that our solution achieves up to 70% energy savings compared with solutions that use fixed packet sizes.

Abstract: Methods, devices and computer program products facilitate embedding and extraction of watermarks into and from a host content. Embedded watermarks include an automatically generated portion that is associated with metadata. The metadata, which includes one or more identifiers of the host content, is stored at a database and can be accessible to both the watermark embedder and a watermark extractor. The automatically generated portion of the payload can be a serial number is changed for each watermark embedding session.

Abstract: A method for routing information in a flexible routing network which connects disparate initiators and targets includes implementing a packetization logic at an interface between an initiator or a target and a routing network to receive transmission traffic from the initiator or the target and to packetize the transmission traffic into packets. Each packet includes a header portion and a body portion. Each of the header portion and the body portion includes one or more standard sized transmission units. Each standard sized transmission unit includes a control section and a payload section. A payload section associated with the body portion includes one or more chunks. The method includes encoding the one or more chunks using the CDF. All transmissions within the routing network are based on the CDF. The CDF facilitates narrow-to-wide and wide-to-narrow link width conversion without having to manipulate subparts of data fields in the transmission traffic.

Abstract: The current application is directed to computationally efficient attribute-based access control that can be used to secure access to stored information in a variety of different types of computational systems. Many of the currently disclosed computationally efficient implementations of attribute-based access control employ hybrid encryption methodologies in which both an attribute-based encryption or a similar, newly-disclosed policy-encryption method as well as a hierarchical-key-derivation method are used to encrypt payload keys that are employed, in turn, to encrypt data that is stored into, and retrieved from, various different types of computational data-storage systems.

Abstract: This work focuses on the problem of developing a blind steganalyzer (a steganalyzer relying on machine learning algorithm and steganalytic features) for detecting stego images with different payload. This problem is highly relevant for practical forensic analysis, since in practice, the knowledge about the steganographic channel is very limited, and the length of hidden message is generally unknown. This paper demonstrates that the discrepancy between payload in training and testing / application images can significantly decrease the accuracy of the steganalysis. Two fundamentally different approaches to mitigate this problem are then proposed. The first solution relies on quantitative steganalyzer. The second solution transforms one-sided hypothesis test (unknown message length) to simple hypothesis test by assuming a probability distribution on length of messages, which can be efficiently solved by many machine-learning tools, e.g. by Support Vector Machines. The experimental section of the paper (a) compares both solutions on steganalysis of F5 algorithm with shrinkage removed by wet paper codes for JPEG images and LSB matching for raw (uncompressed) images, (b) investigates the effect of the assumed distribution of the message length on the accuracy of the steganalyzer, and (c) shows how the accuracy of steganalysis depends on Eve's knowledge about details of steganographic channel.

Abstract: Many existing schemes for malware detection are signature-based. Although they can effectively detect known malwares, they cannot detect variants of known malwares or new ones. Most network servers do not expect executable code in their in-bound network traffic, such as on-line shopping malls, Picasa, Youtube, Blogger, etc. Therefore, such network applications can be protected from malware infection by monitoring their ports to see if incoming packets contain any executable contents. This paper proposes a content-classification scheme that identifies executable content in incoming packets. The proposed scheme analyzes the packet payload in two steps. It first analyzes the packet payload to see if it contains multimedia-type data (such as $${{\tt avi, wmv, jpg})}$$ . If not, then it classifies the payload either as text-type (such as $${{\tt txt, jsp, asp})}$$ or executable. Although in our experiments the proposed scheme shows a low rate of false negatives and positives (4.69% and 2.53%, respectively), the presence of inaccuracies still requires further inspection to efficiently detect the occurrence of malware. In this paper, we also propose simple statistical and combinatorial analysis to deal with false positives and negatives.

Abstract: Reversible data hiding is a technique where hidden data is embedded in host data, such that the consistency of the host is perfectly preserved and the host data is restored during the extraction process of the hidden data. Herein, improvements to the conventional technique for reversible data hiding of audio waveforms are proposed. As no location map is required to prevent amplitude overflow, the proposed method achieves a storage capacity of nearly 1 bit per sample of payload data. The proposed method is superior in terms of having a smaller loss of payload data and little objective quality degradation on average. Concealment of payload within the host data is also better than when using the conventional method.

Abstract: Based on our current expectation for the exascale systems, composed of hundred of thousands of many-core nodes, the mean time between failures will become small, even under the most optimistic assumptions. One of the most scalable checkpoint restart techniques, the message logging approach, is the most challenged when the number of cores per node increases, due to the high overhead of saving the message payload. Fortunately, for two processes on the same node, the failure probability is correlated, meaning that coordinated recovery is free. In this paper, we propose an intermediate approach that uses coordination between correlated processes, but retains the scalability advantage of message logging between independent ones. The algorithm still belongs to the family of event logging protocols, but eliminates the need for costly payload logging between coordinated processes.

Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus are provided implementing a stage one of run time processing using Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) and implementing a stage two of run time processing using Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) to find the existence of a pattern in a payload, such as the payload portion of an Internet Protocol (IP) datagram, or an input stream.

Abstract: We describe the design and implementation of a fiducial marker system that encodes data in the frequency spectrum of a synthetic image. This distinctive approach to marker synthesis and data encoding allows for partial data extraction in adverse imaging conditions, and can significantly extend the detection range through graceful data degradation. Additional digital encoding and image construction techniques are used to increase the payload capacity, and also to store 3-D pose information in each fiducial marker. This fiducial marker scheme can be configured to match the needs of the target application. We present several experiments investigating the practical range of various parameters as well as the performance of a specific instance of the system.

Abstract: A new audio watermarking algorithm resilient to MPEG 1 layer III (MP3) with bit rate of 64 kbps is proposed. High embedding capacity is its main characteristic. The proposed algorithm is able to use either semi-blind or blind decoding. With the former, the algorithm achieves an embedding capacity of 204 bits per second (bps) and with the latter obtains 155 bps, them both with bit error rate lower than 10−4. Using semi-blind decoding, benefit of more than 33 bps is obtained in comparison with, in our knowledge, any other previously proposed algorithm for compression at 64 kbps. The algorithm uses dither modulation to embed a coded-watermark in certain frequencies of wavelet domain. Those frequencies were found to be robust against compression. The coded-watermark is generated with the concatenation of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and repetition codes. Also, an accurate estimation of the statistics of the channel noise, due to compression, is introduced. Finally the proposed algorithm is improved using erasures at the decoder. This improvement achieves more than 15 bps in comparison with normal decoding. The highest embedding capacity achieved is 229 bps. All the watermarked audio files obtain SNR higher than 40 dB. The audio quality was also measured with a subjective evaluation in which the watermarked audio obtained a score higher than 4, where the best audio quality is scored with 5.

Abstract: In todays world large amount of medical information of patients are uploaded through internet, which needs more amount of time and the information may be easily pirated and grabbed by the hackers. One of the solutions to solve this problem is using watermarking and cryptography in a single system, which is proposed in this article. In this technique, first, the document of the patient is encrypted and then the cipher is embedded in the medical image using bit wise operation for authentication. Due to embedding, some of the details of the medical image may be corrupted, which can be recovered by using reversible property. The proposed algorithm provides high payload capacity, less computational complexity, security, validation, reversible quality and privacy of the patient.

Abstract: An arrangement for processing data traffic flowing through a network is provided. The arrangement includes a data interface for receiving the data traffic. The arrangement also includes an inspection engine for analyzing the data traffic, wherein the analyzing is performed on at least payload data. The arrangement further includes means for routing the data traffic through the network, wherein the means for routing is configured to define one or more ports for transmitting the data traffic. The means for routing the data traffic is dynamic to balance the data traffic across multiple outgoing ports.

Abstract: In this paper, an adaptive DE-based reversible steganographic scheme with bilinear interpolation and simplified location map is proposed. In traditional reversible difference expansion (DE) scheme, it suffers from two problems: the embeddable location is considered insufficient and the embedding payload control capability in single layer embedding is weak. For the first problem, the kernel of bilinear interpolation is applied to effectively improve the number of the embeddable location while the quality of the stego-image can be maintained at a good level. In addition, the proposed simplified location map is used for the existing adaptive embedding rule to improve the second problem where the secret data can be adaptively embedded and also the load of additional information can be reduced. The experimental results revealed that the proposed scheme presented better visual quality of the stego-image and carried larger embedding payload than some other revised DE schemes, such as Alattar's and Lee's schemes.

Abstract: The paper documents a computational design and an experimental verification of a vibration rejection scheme for an inertially stabilized platform mounted on a mobile base. The mechanical configuration of the platform is that of a standard double gimbal, which realizes a mass stabilization of the line of sight of an optoelectronic payload such as a camera an/or laser ranger finder. Nonideal static balancing of the payload gives rise to projection of the carrier vibrations onto a disturbing torque acting on the payload around the joint axes. This disturbance can be left for the existing inertial angular rate feedback to attenuate but a better solution can be devised. The cause of this disturbing torque — the linear acceleration of the carrier — can be measured, filtered and fed forward to the two direct drive motors. Experiments prove that significant vibration rejection is achieved with this feedforward compensation scheme.

Abstract: A network node module includes a processing module and memory. The processing module is operable to generate a header section of a frame for transmission within a unified vehicle communication network. The header section includes a preamble, routing information, and a vehicle network field, which includes information that identifies a type of the frame. The processing module is further operable to generate a payload section of the frame. The payload section includes data payload and an integrity check field. The processing module is further operable to transmit the frame to the unified vehicle communication network in accordance with a global vehicle network communication protocol.

Abstract: The present description relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transceiving control information for uplink multi-antenna transmission. A method for transmitting control information for uplink multi-antenna transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: attaching a CRC parity bit to a PDCCH payload sequence containing uplink transmission resource allocation information; scrambling the CRC parity bit attached to the payload sequence to a bit sequence which indicates control information for uplink multi-antenna transmission; and transmitting the entirety of the sequence to which the scrambled CRC parity bit is attached to the payload sequence.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for inserting scalability and view information into a Moving Picture Experts Group-2 (MPEG-2) Transport Stream (TS) header are provided. When a scalable video or multi-view video is transmitted using an MPEG-2 system, scalability information or view information regarding the scalable video or multi-view video in a payload in a TS level may be used. Using the scalability information or view information, the TS-packetized scalable video or multi-view video may be efficiently adapted to various terminal performances, various network characteristics, a specific user preference, and the like.

Abstract: Master element for a distributed playback architecture for a media data, having: a payload data source for providing payload data packets; a beacon packet creator for creating beacon packets useable for synchronizing a playback process of the payload data packets at, at least one, slave element in the distributed playback architecture; and a network interface for transmitting an interleaved packet stream to the at least one slave element, the interleaved packet stream having the payload data packets provided by the payload data source and the beacon packets created by the beacon packet creator. A corresponding slave element, the distributed playback architecture, a method, and a computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method of de-duplicating data in a solid state storage device. The method can include receiving a block of data to be written to a solid state storage device, wherein the block of data comprises header portion and a payload, wherein the header portion comprises context information; and determining whether the payload should be de-duplicated prior to storage, based on the context information stored within the header portion; if the payload is determined to be de-duplicated, de-duplicating the payload; and storing the de-duplicated payload to the solid state storage device.

Abstract: Steganography is the methods of communicating secrete information hidden in the cover object. The messages hidden in a host data are digital image, video or audio files, etc, and then transmitted secretly to the destination. In this paper we propose Wavelet based Non LSB Steganography (WNLS). The cover image is segmented into 4*4 cells and DWT/IWT is applied on each cell. The 2*2 cell of HH band of DWT/IWT are considered and manipulated with payload bit pairs using identity matrix to generate stego image. The key is used to extract payload bit pairs at the destination. It is observed that the PSNR values are better in the case of IWT compare to DWT for all image formats. The algorithm can’t be detected by existing steganalysis techniques such as chi-square and pair of values techniques. The PSNR values are high in the case of raw images compared to formatted images.

Abstract: Many network activities can benefit from accurate traffic classification and categorization, such as QOS control, network security monitoring, and traffic accounting. In this paper, a new approach based on feed-forward neural network is proposed for accurate traffic classification, which eliminates the disadvantages of port-based or payload-based classification methods. Extensive experimentation and comparison have been carried out to explore this new approach; it has been found out that, combined with a fast correlation-based feature selection filter, better performance and more accurate classification results can be obtained using neural network method compared to other techniques. For its good performance and elimination of accessing the contents of the packets, the proposed technique is expected to have a promising application prospect in internet traffic classification.

Abstract: This paper investigates the scope of wavelets for performance improvement in spread spectrum image watermarking. Performance of a digital image watermarking algorithm, in general, is determined by the visual invisibility of the hidden data (imperceptibility), reliability in the detection of the hidden information after various common and deliberate signal processing operations (robustness) applied on the watermarked signals and the amount of data to be hidden (payload) without affecting the imperceptibility and robustness properties. In this paper, we propose a few spread spectrum (SS) image watermarking schemes using discrete wavelet transform (DWT), biorthogonal DWT and M-band wavelets coupled with various modulation, multiplexing and signaling techniques. The performance of the watermarking methods are also reported along with the relative merits and demerits.