Abstract: A system and method for providing enhanced short-message service options in PCS systems. The generic short-message service is split into unbundled short-message service applications (e.g., emergency messaging, voice mail alert, teleadmin, etc.). Each of these unbundled short-message services are recognized at short-message systems, home location registers, and subscriber terminals.

Abstract: A telecommunications apparatus for transporting ATM cells having isochronous units of payload data and asynchronous units of payload data, between receiving and transmitting ports includes a buffer for asynchronously queuing units of payload data received from the receiving ports and for subsequently transmitting the queued units of payload data in a time division multiplex data stream toward the transmitting ports. A timeslot interchanger is used to reorder a time defined sequence of isochronous units of payload data from the first data stream into a second time defined sequence of isochronous units of payload data in a second TDM data stream. An outgoing TDM data stream is assembled by transferring the first data stream into the outgoing data stream while substituting each payload occurrence of isochronous units from the second TDM data stream, into corresponding TDM locations in the outgoing data stream. The outgoing data stream is transmitted toward the transmitting ports whereby telephone calls are connected via the isochronous units of payload data. Delay typically inherent in telephone conversations connected via prior ATM facilities and the consequent severe echo often experienced by users is substantially reduced.

Abstract: This memo describes a scheme to packetize an H.261 video stream for transport using the Real-time Transport Protocol, RTP, with any of the underlying protocols that carry RTP.

Abstract: This memo describes the RTP payload format for JPEG video streams. The packet format is optimized for real-time video streams where codec parameters change rarely from frame to frame.

Abstract: An end-to-end ubiquitous payload delivery system and method transfers a payload using multiple communication method following rules established by a sender. The payload transfer is attempted using a preferred media until the parameters of the transfer are exceeded (i.e., a certain number of attempts in a given duration of time), after which one or more alternative media are used until the payload transfer is completed. Prior to the completion of the transfer, the sender has the capability of querying the payload delivery system to determine the status of the payload. Upon completion of the delivery, the sender receives notification.

Abstract: An enhanced frame relay access device (FRAD) capable of bidirectional interfacing between Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) protocol and Frame Relay protocol is utilized to economically transport SS7 signaling and link management information between SS7 networks via a Frame Relay protocol digital communications network. In an outgoing data transfer, the enhanced SS7 FRAD interface determines and eliminates redundant signaling unit information found in an SS7 data stream before packaging the essential information into a frame "payload" and introducing the frame into the Frame Relay network. For incoming data transfers, the SS7 FRAD extracts the frame payload data and regenerates the appropriate SS7 signaling units to maintain a continuous and synchronous data stream on the SS7 network. In the event communications with an SS7 facility is not possible (for example, an SS7 network or facility is down), the SS7 FRAD communicates its operational status to other SS7 FRADs by sending a proprietary coordination and status information frame across the Frame Relay network. A plurality of SS7 FRADs are configurable to provide multiple efficient links between different SS7 facilities over the Frame Relay network. In addition, each FRAD is individually customized to provide special functions such as encryption/decryption and data compression/decompression.

Abstract: Disclosed is a frame processing engine for receiving and processing a data frame having a header and a payload, comprising a first memory for receiving at least a portion of the header of the data frame; a second memory for receiving the payload of the data frame; and a controller, upon receipt of the data frame, for storing the header (at least most of it) in the first memory and the remainder of the data frame (including the payload) in the second memory, with the first memory having a shorter access time than the second memory.

Abstract: Control information is processed in synchronism with audio and video data according to a protocol such as RTP (Real-time Transfer Protocol). In one embodiment, a payload handler receives incoming data packets and forwards them to either a data control filter or an audio packet handler. The data control filter determines whether the data payload contains video data or control information and forwards video data to a video data packet handler and data control information to a data handler. The data control information can include an action identifier field (e.g., containing a “display” command) and a data object field (e.g., identifying a file location in a memory) so that the data control filter can display the identified file with the presentation of the other video and audio data. Because the data control information is passed “in-stream” with the audio and video data packets, the payload handler is able to synchronize the presentation of audio and video data with the data event referenced by the data control information.

Abstract: A digital radio link suitable for transmitting digital voice or data signals includes an input circuit (61) for ATM or frame relay cells/frames attached to an ATM or Frame Relay network, a forward error correction encoder and decoder (67) with indication of uncorrectable blocks due to burst errors, a payload processing module (64) for modifying bits in the frames or cells so that frames/cells extracted from a forward error correction block containing bit errors will not be misinserted by the network.

Abstract: A system and method for conversion and transmission of communication signals converts and grooms communication signals in the synchronous digital hierarchy and synchronous optical network formats at low multiplexing levels. In one embodiment, the system receives tributaries from a primary receiver and multiplexes them so as to embed in a payload the tributaries and lower order path overhead as payload components. The payload is converted to a synchronous optical network format and transmitted in a communication signal. However, the payload components remain in the synchronous digital hierarchy format. A converter assembly receives the communication signal and converts and grooms the payload at a virtual tributary group level to a synchronous digital hierarchy format without changing the payload components embedded therein. The converter assembly delivers the communication signal to a receiver where the payload components can be removed from the payload and delivered to a primary receiver.

Abstract: We demonstrate a novel wavelength-router that directs self-routing optical packets, containing microwave subcarrier-multiplexed control information, from an input wavelength-path to one of four destination wavelength-paths. The router incorporates (1) an all-optical wavelength shifter, based on cross-gain compression of a semiconductor optical amplifier, and (2) a low-speed electronic control-header processor. Each packet is comprised of concurrently transmitted 1-Gb/s NRZ baseband payload data and a 50-Mb/s control header, QPSK-encoded onto a 1.5-GHz subcarrier. We show 10/sup -9/ BER results of packets routed to each of the four wavelength-paths. The maximum wavelength shift is 23 nm, and the inter-packet guard time is 20 ns.

Abstract: A spin-stabilized projectile containing a payload is presented. The projectile includes a projectile body with a payload chamber that may be laterally defined by a projectile casing, on top by an axial fixing device for a payload disposed in the payload chamber, and on the bottom, by a dividing wall. The projectile casing may include axial grooves on the inside, which on the contribute to the fixing of the payload and include intended break zones for freeing the payload. Below the dividing wall, an opening charge may be disposed, which includes complete radial contact and is axially spaced apart from the dividing wall by a damping device. The detonation of opening charge causes the projectile casing to immediately split open at the intended break zones to release, by centrifugal force, the payload from the payload chamber. The damping device prevents the payload from being damaged in the region of the dividing wall and prevents the release of the payload from being interrupted.

Abstract: The experimental demonstration of an all-optical routing node for multihop packet wavelength routed networks is described. Packets are routed in real time between three space ports and five wavelengths using subcarrier multiplexed encoded headers. Fast wavelength conversion over 40 nm is achieved using a novel four section tunable semiconductor laser and a semiconductor optical amplifier. Simultaneous wavelength conversion of the baseband payload and subcarrier multiplexed header is also demonstrated.

Abstract: A SONET path/ATM physical layer transmit/receive processor ASIC for OC-48 makes use of a 32-bit wide interface between a source/destination and the rest of the processor. Adjacent the interface is an ATM cell processor, and between the ATM cell processor and a transmission medium is a SONET payload processor. Selectors are located between the transmission medium and the SONET payload processor, the SONET payload processor and the ATM cell processor, and the ATM cell SONET path/ATM physical layer path, an ATM physical layer path or a fast FIFO buffer path according to the configuration of the selectors determined by user commands from a command logic circuit coupled to each of the interface, ATM cell processor and the SONET payload processor.

Abstract: This memo describes a packetization scheme for the CellB video encoding. The scheme proposed allows applications to transport CellB video flows over protocols used by RTP. This document is meant for implementors of video applications that want to use RTP and CellB.

Abstract: This paper presents a new approach for implementing an SS-FDMA payload based on the use of Digital Signal Processing Main feature of the proposed technique is the fact that channels switching is performed in the frequency domain instead of the more conventional time domain thus justifying the name of Frequency Domain Switching for the proposed method The technique lends itself to a very efficient hardware implementation, whilst allowing very large flexibility in the channel routing and the rearrangement of the up and down link frequency, due to the utilization of the Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) for conversion of the signals in the frequency domain The paper addresses the principles of the Frequency Domain Switching by introducing the relevant algorithms and a possible payload architecture Then an analysis of the degradation produced by the algorithms and their actual hardware implementation follows Finally, the results obtained analytically, are compared with those obtained via simulation

Abstract: A switch control module (16) is provided for converting between an internal cell (23) and a first standard asynchronous transfer mode cell (34) and second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell (36). The internal cell (23) includes an internal header (42), payload information (44), and miscellaneous information (46). The first standard asynchronous transfer mode cell (34) includes the internal header (42) and miscellaneous information (46) of the internal cell (23). The second standard asynchronous transfer mode cell (36) includes the payload information (44) of the internal cell (23).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a video bitstream over a communication medium is provided. The video bitstream is carried as payload data within packets of a transport protocol by dynamically determining whether to fragment the video bitstream at current macroblock. If no determination of fragmentation occurs, based upon the maximum transfer unit size of the transport protocol, the current macroblock is transmitted in a current transport protocol packet. However, if a determination of fragmentation occurs, synchronization information and the current macroblock are transmitted in another transport protocol packet. Permitting dynamic insertion of synchronization information, gives rise to a flexible video bitstream that can be efficiently packetized for a variety of transport protocols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and circuit arrangement for compensating for an interference component included in a signal in a digital transmission system such as a mobile communication system, radio system or television system. In the method according to the invention a decision error representing an interfering signal is classified using an adaptive method, and a table is drawn up of interference estimates corresponding to classified decision errors. So it is obtained on the basis of previous decision errors an interference estimate corresponding to the next signal sample and that estimate is subtracted from the signal sample before the current decision. The adaptive method is preferably a neural method such as a self-organizing map. With the method according to the invention it is possible to compensate for an interference component in a signal regardless of the interference source assuming that the interfering signal has internal correlation. If required, it is also possible to include in the method according to the invention equalization for delayed payload signal components.

Abstract: The invention resides in the field of transferring data and other information from multiple asynchronous TDM channels across a synchronous interface in digital blocks of a preset length. Presently, transfer of data and timing information requires serial transmission of frame payload, qualified with clock and frame pulse indications. A separate set of these signals is required in both directions for each port or physical link. An interface of the invention permits data transfer in blocks which are uniquely identified for a specific port or links and the position of the block within the frame (if the transfer is one of framed data). The invention greatly reduces the number of required signals, thus enabling reduction of pin count requirements and an increase in the number of serviced ports.

Abstract: A scalable bandwidth switch is formed from a smart data crossbar and a plurality of simple data crossbars in parallel. A data block that is inputted into the switch contains a header portion and a payload portion. The data block is multiplexed so that the entire header portion is inputted to a port in the smart data crossbar. The smart data crossbar determines the destination of the data block from the header portion, and transmits this information on a control line. The payload portion is inputted to the port in the smart data crossbar, and ports in the plurality of simple crossbars depending on the bandwidth desired. The control line is coupled to the simple data crossbars and configures the simple data crossbars using the port destination information generated by the smart data crossbar.

Abstract: A multiplexing process in an asynchronous transfer mode telecommunication network consists in placing a payload in a series of cells supporting the same logical channel a series of data containers supporting the same logical channel, each container including a load that is a quantity of data greater than the payload of each cell. In one preferred embodiment the payload of each container is composite. It includes conventional synchronous digital channel samples and data micropackets each of which has a label indicating a logical channel and the length of the packet. Applications include ATM telecommunication networks.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To secure stability by extremely enhancing feedback loop gain of a system for actively isolating vibration up to a low frequency band, and setting the gain of the system to a low value in a resonance frequency of a supported payload and an active element. CONSTITUTION: An active vibration isolation system 10 includes a plurality of stiff actuators such as piezoelectric motors 12a-c which support a small mass 18 inside a case. A passive isolator 20 is inserted between the small mass 18 and a payload mass Mp. A compensating circuit is connected between a speed sensor 17 and the stiff actuators to adjust the variable length of the latter in this 'move-out-of-the-way' system 10 to compensate for a resonance mode. Optionally, a payload mass velocity sensor 26 and associated circuitry may be arranged to provide additional control. Shear decouplers are used in conjunction with piezoelectric motor elements to minimize the amount of shear force acting on the motor elements.

Abstract: CORD is a 2.5-Gb/s//spl lambda/ wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) packet switched network experiment. We have experimentally demonstrated a pilot-tone transport for the high-speed data synchronization in CORD. The optical power penalty is minimized to about 1 dB by equalizing the frequency response of the payload data channel and optimizing the pilot-tone modulation depth. The main advantages of the pilot-tone transport are: 1) a simple transceiver structure; and 2) a fast clock recovery time (within 40 b, 16 ns).

Abstract: A method is proposed for data transfer between two or more stations (30, 31) via a communication channel (32). Each data packet (10 to 14) of the time division multiplex has a data field (17) for the payload of this packet. A data field (17) of a data packet may be variably subdivided into one or more time slots which are assigned to a logical channel (LC=0 to LC=6). The method is characterized in that fixed time slots (47, 48, 50, 60) are defined by one or more appropriate configuration messages. Each configuration message assigns a determined fixed time slot to one or more a respective logical channels (LC=0 to LC=3). This saves data transport capacity because the fixed time slots need not to be defined again when the rest of the payload of a data packet is partitioned variably due to variable band width requirements for different logical channels. A transmitting station (30) and a receiving station (31) for utilizing the claimed method is proposed as well.

Abstract: The ATM adaptation layer type 5 (AAL5) is an adaptation layer protocol for the ATM layer of broadband integrated services digital networks (BISDNs), which targets connection-oriented services. Among several features, it is unique in the sense that it includes an end-of-packet (EOP) indicator in the header of the ATM cell (the ATM-layer-user-to-ATM-layer-user (AUU) parameter in the payload type (PT) field). It was suggested that the use of this indicator may be used to provide a means by which buffer occupancy can be reduced by selectively dropping cells from already incomplete packets [Armitage and Adams, 1993]. The objective of this paper is to study the performance of this layer and the effectiveness of the EOP indicator. The performance measures of interest are the probability of packet loss and the mean packet delay. An approximate analytical model is constructed in which the blocking of a tagged source is kept track of in an exact manner. The rest of the sources are modeled approximately. The accuracy of the model is enhanced through an iterative approach. A simulation model is also constructed to assess the accuracy of the approximate model.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the optical code division multiplex transmission access system and device of a high speed and a large capacity. SOLUTION: On a transmission side, optical pulses outputted from a pulse light source 202 are modulated in an optical modulator 203 based on payload data signals from a data generator 204, then encoded in an optical duo binary encoder 205 and transmitted through an optical multiplexer 206 and an optical fiber transmission line 207 to an optical demultiplexer 208 on a reception side. Then, demultiplexed light is decoded through an optical duo binary decoder 210 and converted to electric signals in a photodetector 211 and payload data are judged and detected in a threshold value element 212. COPYRIGHT: (C)1998,JPO

Abstract: A method of encrypting clear payload data to form encrypted payload data uses a block cipher, the block cipher being characterized by a predetermined block length. The method includes a step of parsing (7) and first and second steps of encrypting (8). The step of parsing parses (7) the clear payload data into at least one full clear block. Each full clear block is characterized by the predetermined block length. The residual block is characterized by a residual block length, the residual block length being less than the predetermined block length. The step of parsing further parses (7) the last full clear block into a first part and a second part, the second part being characterized by a length equaling a difference between the predetermined block length and the residual block length.