TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a table of cases and international legislation for Intellectual Property and its application in the European and International Intellectual Property (EIP) domains, including patent protection, trade mark registration, and passing off.
Abstract: Preface - Table of Cases - Table of Statutes - Table of Statutory Instruments - Table of European and International Legislation - Introduction - PART I: PATENTS AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION - Patents - Patentability (1) - Patentability (2) - Ownership - Protecting the Patent - Breach of Confidence - PART II: TRADE MARKS AND PASSING OFF - Trade Marks - Registration of Trade Marks - Protection of Trade Marks - Passing Off - Character Merchandising - Trade Marks - International Provisions - PART III: COPYRIGHT AND DESIGN - Copyright - Subsistence (1) - Subsistence (2) - Infringement - Defences - Ownership and Duration of Copyright and Moral Rights - Performance Rights - Registered Designs - Unregistered Designs - PART IV: COMPETITION - Intellectual Property and Competition Law - PART V: FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS - The Future of Intellectual Property - Bibliography - Index
TL;DR: In this article, the history of Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) focusing on technological developments is described, and an extensive list of patents including Japanese patents is provided, and the overall conclusion is that ISF has received the attention of the world, in particular of the automotive industry.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate patent protection for a long sequence of innovations where firms repeatedly supersede each other and propose using a patentability requirement to stimulate R&D investment and increase dynamic efficiency.
Abstract: This article investigates patent protection for a long sequence of innovations where firms repeatedly supersede each other. Incentives for R&D can be insufficient if successful firms earn market profit only until competitors achieve something better. To correct this problem, patents must provide protection against future innovators. This article proposes using a patentability requirement -- a minimum innovation size required for patents. A patentability requirement can stimulate R&D investment and increase dynamic efficiency. Intuitively, requiring firms to pursue larger innovations prolongs market incumbency because larger innovations are harder to achieve, and longer market incumbency implies an increased reward to innovation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the patentability requirements, such as novelty or non-obviousness, should be sufficiently stringent to avoid the grant of patents for inventions with low social value that increase the social cost of the patent system, and the tradeoff between the patent policy instruments of length and breadth could be used to provide sufficient incentives to develop inventions with high social value.