Topic
Parmelia
About: Parmelia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 366 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5389 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
Complutense University of Madrid1, Kaiserslautern University of Technology2, Australian National University3, North Dakota State University4, King Juan Carlos University5, Swedish Museum of Natural History6, American Museum of Natural History7, University of Valencia8, Charles Darwin Foundation9, National Scientific and Technical Research Council10, Anadolu University11, University of Connecticut12, National Botanical Research Institute13, Duke University14, University of Manitoba15, Free University of Berlin16, University of Graz17, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences18
TL;DR: An overview of current knowledge of the major clades of all parmelioid lichens is given and 27 genera within nine main clades are accepted, including 31 of 33 currently accepted parMelioid genera (and 63 of 84 accepted genera of Parmeliaceae).
Abstract: Parmelioid lichens are a diverse and ubiquitous group of foliose lichens. Generic delimitation in parmelioid lichens has been in a state of flux since the late 1960s with the segregation of the large, heterogeneous genus Parmelia into numerous smaller genera. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that some of these new genera were monophyletic, some were not, and others, previously believed to be unrelated, fell within single monophyletic groups, indicating the need for a revision of the generic delimitations. This study aims to give an overview of current knowledge of the major clades of all parmelioid lichens. For this, we assembled a dataset of 762 specimens, including 31 of 33 currently accepted parmelioid genera (and 63 of 84 accepted genera of Parmeliaceae). We performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined datasets including two, three and four loci. Based on these phylogenies and the correlation of morphological and chemical characters that characterize monophyletic groups, we accept 27 genera within nine main clades. We re-circumscribe several genera and reduce Parmelaria to synonymy with Parmotrema. Emodomelanelia Divakar & A. Crespo is described as a new genus (type: E. masonii). Nipponoparmelia (Kurok.) K.H. Moon, Y. Ohmura & Kashiw. ex A. Crespo & al. is elevated to generic rank and 15 new combinations are proposed (in the genera Flavoparmelia, Parmotrema, Myelochroa, Melanelixia and Nipponoparmelia). A short discussion of the accepted genera is provided and remaining challenges and areas requiring additional taxon sampling are identified.
206 citations
TL;DR: Differences in the morphology and ecophysiology of mosses and lichens indicate that these organisms cannot be used interchangeably as biomonitors of metals in areas with mineral deposits.
194 citations
165 citations
158 citations
TL;DR: All the components of the physodic acid, usnic acid, atranorin and gyrophoric acid isolated from the lichens had relatively strong antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, among which were human and animal pathogens.
Abstract: In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activity of the physodic acid, usnic acid, atranorin and gyrophoric acid isolated from the lichens Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia caperata, Physcia aipolia and Umbilicaria polyphylla, has been investigated. An antibiotic assessment was done against six bacteria (three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative) and eight fungi by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth tube dilution method. The tested lichen substances inhibited growth of all the tested microorganisms. The bacteria showed a higher sensitivity against the tested fungi. The highest antimicrobial activity was found in the usnic acid of the Parmelia caperata lichen, where the lowest MIC was 0.0037 mg/ml against the Klebsiella pneumoniae (even lower than the one given by the streptomycin standard). The weakest antimicrobial activity was found in the physodic acid, which inhibited most of the microorganisms in the concentration of 1 mg/ml. Generally, all the components had relatively strong antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, among which were human and animal pathogens. This could be of significance for their use for pharmaceutical purposes.
118 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 5 |
| 2020 | 4 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2018 | 2 |
| 2017 | 7 |
| 2016 | 8 |