TL;DR: In most successful human pregnancies, the conceptus implants 8 to 10 days after ovulation, and the risk of early pregnancy loss increases with later implantation.
Abstract: Background Implantation of the conceptus is a key step in pregnancy, but little is known about the time of implantation or the relation between the time of implantation and the outcome of pregnancy. Methods We collected daily urine samples for up to six months from 221 women attempting to conceive after ceasing to use contraception. Ovulation was identified on the basis of the ratio of urinary estrogen metabolites to progesterone metabolites, which changes rapidly with luteinization of the ovarian follicle. The time of implantation was defined by the appearance of chorionic gonadotropin in maternal urine. Results There were 199 conceptions, for 95 percent of which (189) we had sufficient data for analysis. Of these 189 pregnancies, 141 (75 percent) lasted at least six weeks past the last menstrual period, and the remaining 48 pregnancies (25 percent) ended in early loss. Among the pregnancies that lasted 6 weeks or more, the first appearance of chorionic gonadotropin occurred 6 to 12 days after ovulation;...
TL;DR: This rapid, easily performed technique enables 1 technician to assay 30 or more samples for progesterone in a single working day and the results are available within 24 hours, and it is expected that clinical laboratories will soon perform serum progestersone assays as a routine procedure.
TL;DR: In this article, the Kretz Combison 100 sector scanner was used to scan the ovaries of healthy volunteers with regular ovarian function, women taking oral contraceptives, and infertile patients being treated with clomiphene.
TL;DR: The interval between the estrogen and LH peaks and ovulation in women, rhesus monkeys, and baboons was ascertained and Plasma progesterone levels were significantly increased prior to the LH peak in all three species.
TL;DR: An examination of methods to detect ovulation that have been developed and practiced for decades and analyze the indications and limitations of each—transvaginal ultrasonography, urinary luteinizing hormone detection, serum progesterone and urinary pregnanediol 3‐glucuronide detection, and cervical mucus and salivary ferning analysis.
Abstract: The ability to identify the precise time of ovulation is important for women who want to plan conception or practice contraception. Here, we review the current literature on various methods for detecting ovulation including a review of point-of-care device technology. We incorporate an examination of methods to detect ovulation that have been developed and practiced for decades and analyze the indications and limitations of each-transvaginal ultrasonography, urinary luteinizing hormone detection, serum progesterone and urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide detection, urinary follicular stimulating hormone detection, basal body temperature monitoring, and cervical mucus and salivary ferning analysis. Some point-of-care ovulation detection devices have been developed and commercialized based on these methods, however previous research was limited by small sample size and an inconsistent standard reference to true ovulation.