Showing papers on "Orthoptic published in 2016"
TL;DR: The results corroborate the hypothesis of neuroplasticity based on saccade vergence interaction in young adults and validates the clinical validity of the vergence double-step REMOBI method as a means to improve both, vergence and reading performances.
Abstract: We hypothesize that binocular coordination of saccades is based on continuous neuroplasticity involving interactions of saccades and vergence. To test this hypothesis we study reading saccades in young students who were diagnosed for vergence disorders before and after vergence rehabilitation. Following orthoptic evaluation and symptomatology screening, five weekly sessions of vergence rehabilitation were applied with the REMOBI vergence double step protocole (see Kapoula et al., 2016). Using the Eyeseecam videoculography device we measured vergence as well as saccades and fixations during a reading test four times: at the beginning and at the end of the first and of the fifth vergence rehabilitation session. The results show elimination of symptoms, improvement of clinical orthoptic scores, and importantly increase of measured vergence gain and reduction of inter-trial variability. Improvement of the vergence was associated to a decrease of the disconjugacy of saccades during reading but also to shortening of fixation durations, to reduction of the number of regressive saccades and to a better correction of the intra-saccadic disconjugacy during the following fixation. The results corroborate the hypothesis of neuroplasticity based on saccade vergence interaction in young adults. It validates the clinical validity of the vergence double-step REMOBI method as a means to improve both, vergence and reading performances. It opens a new research approach on the link between fine binocular coordination of saccades, quality of the vergence response, attention, cognition and reading.
20 citations
TL;DR: A 63-year-old patient was admitted with acute ataxia and binocular oblique diplopia and the diagnosis of alternating abducting hypertropic skew deviation was made, a rare type of skew deviation related to central otolithic dysfunction.
Abstract: A 63-year-old patient was admitted with acute ataxia and binocular oblique diplopia. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination revealed abducting hypertropia on lateral gaze, better seen during upgaze, mimicking bilateral inferior oblique palsy (video, figure). There was no ocular cyclotorsion. Brain MRI revealed focal ischemic lesions in the right cerebellar hemisphere and left superior colliculus (figure). The diagnosis of alternating abducting hypertropic skew deviation was made. This rare type of skew deviation is related to central otolithic dysfunction. Similar cases have been described with cerebellar, pretectal, or cervico-medullary junction lesions.1,2 Orthoptic management can help and patients can slowly improve over months.
3 citations
TL;DR: From Javal, Hering, and Mary and Edmund Maddox to Elizabeth Stark, Burian, Scobee, von Noorden, Dorothy Thompson, and Sally Moore, the scientific basis for many treatments and the monumental advancements made in the field of ocular motility will be discussed.
Abstract: Intermittent exotropia is rich in our orthoptic history, with different modes of therapy as well as surgical methods to improve the eye drifting. We explore the very earliest nonsurgical treatments...
1 citations
TL;DR: Three orthodontic parameters were found to correlate significantly or at least as trend with orthoptic parameters in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy, and further studies are needed to establish whether congenital inferior oblong palsy is more frequent in patients exhibiting abnormal values of these orthodentic parameters.
Abstract: Background: Patients with congenital superior oblique palsy tend to adopt a head tilt to the contralateral side to maintain binocular single vision. It has long been recognised that facial asymmetries may be caused by a head tilt. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of habitual head tilt due to congenital superior oblique palsy on dental occlusion. Patients and methods: The study was designed as a descriptive cohort study. Ten patients with congenital superior oblique palsy (3 female, 7 male; mean age 51.7 (y) ± 15.8 SD, ranging from 19 to 69 (y)) underwent orthodontic examination. Orthodontic findings and values for vertical, torsional and horizontal deviation measured with the Harms tangent screen and stereopsis using a random dot test were compared. Results: Three orthodontic parameters were found to correlate significantly or at least as trend with orthoptic parameters. Midline deviation of the upper jaw to the face (rho = 0.623; p = 0.054) and anterior positioning of upper first molar in the sagittal plane (rho = 0.594; p = 0.07) correlate with the vertical deviation; overbite correlates with horizontal deviation measured in the primary position (rho = 0.768; p = 0.016). Conclusions: In this small study, three orthodontic parameters correlated with orthoptic findings in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy. Further studies are needed to establish whether congenital superior oblique palsy is more frequent in patients exhibiting abnormal values of these orthodontic parameters.
1 citations
Patent•
31 Aug 2016TL;DR: In this article, an orthoptic method of improving depth perception in an individual is presented, where devices, systems and kits for performing the present method are also provided, as well as an evaluation of the performance of the method.
Abstract: Provided herein is an orthoptic method of improving depth-perception in an individual. Devices, systems and kits for performing the present method are also provided.
1 citations
TL;DR: Early indications suggest that fear reduction strategies used in other areas of healthcare could be applied to orthoptic care, based upon limited research on autism spectrum disorders in ophthalmology.
Abstract: Background and aim: The symptoms of autism spectrum disorders can have an impact on the orthoptic nvestigation; however, no gold standard of treatment of children with autism spectrum disorders has been established. There is a paucity of research on autism spectrum disorders in ophthalmology. Hence this work aimed to evaluate strategies used in other areas of healthcare, and establish their applicability to orthoptics. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Scopus. Only English language papers were considered for inclusion. The papers were collated by topic, and their references searched for further information. Results: Childhood diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders are increasing, and a higher incidence of ocular anomalies is found in the autistic population. A number of strategies have potential to be useful in the orthoptic investigation, based upon limited research. Conclusion: Further research is required to establish a gold standard for orthoptic treatment of children with autism spectrum disorders. Early indications suggest that fear reduction strategies used in other areas of healthcare could be applied to orthoptic care.
TL;DR: Fusion lock trainingを組み合わせ、�“伏融像では衝動性眼球運動訓練、fusion lockTraining、プリズム療法を行った。
Abstract: 要 約 【目的】麻痺性斜視における融像の異常な状態(融像状態)別の視能訓練成績を分析し、家庭訓練 を中心とした視能訓練方法を検討した。 【対象および方法】対象は、視能訓練を施行した麻痺性斜視58例で、年齢は30~87歳であった。融 像状態は、潜伏融像、部分融像、狭い融像野に分類した。視能訓練は、衝動性眼球運動訓練、輻湊 訓練、fusion lock training、プリズム療法を行った。治癒度は4段階とし、治癒度Iは融像野が30° 以上とした。 【結果】融像状態は、潜伏融像27例、部分融像27例、狭い融像野14例であった。治癒度Iの獲得が 高率であったのは部分融像21例(78%)と狭い融像野11例(79%)であった。潜伏融像は治癒度I の獲得が低率であった。治癒度Iを獲得できた狭い融像野では、プリズム療法が高率であった。全 ての融像野で衝動性眼球運動訓練の実施率が高く、狭い融像野と部分融像においては衝動性眼球運 動訓練とfusion lock trainingの組み合わせが多かった。 【結論】家庭訓練は、融像野が存在する場合にはプリズム装用下で衝動性眼球運動訓練とfusion lock trainingを組み合わせ、潜伏融像では衝動性眼球運動訓練が有用であった。
TL;DR: IBM SPSSテキスト解析ソフトでキーワードを抽出しカテゴリー化した; は問題志向、その�’育効果を明かした。
Abstract: 要 約 【目的】本学では2014年から4年生の臨地実習にポートフォリオを導入した。ポートフォリオは臨 地実習における教育効果を反映できるのか検討する。 【方法】材料は総括ポートフォリオ記録内の(A)価値ある成長と、(B)自己の視点の変化の記述 である。IBM SPSSテキスト解析ソフトでキーワードを抽出しカテゴリー化した。得られたカテゴ リーは主成分分析し、主成分の概念を検討した。 【結果】33名の総括記録を分析した。(A)では8種類のカテゴリー:出来る、患者、検査、行動、 コミュニケーション、考える、学ぶ、自信(B)では7種類のカテゴリー:状況、態度、検査、コ ミュニケーション、考える、疾患、自信を抽出した。主成分構成は(A)の第1主成分はコミュニ ケーション、考える、検査;第2主成分は患者、学ぶ;第3主成分は自信、できる、であった。(B) の第1主成分は状況、考える、検査;第2主成分は態度;第3主成分はコミュニケーション、疾患で あった。 【考按】本研究では視能臨地実習ポートフォリオを主成分分析し、その教育効果を明かした。主成 分が示す概念は(A)ではそれぞれ臨床的思考、臨地での学び、モーチベーションの向上;(B)で は問題志向、態度の変容、コミュニケーション力と疾患の理解は異なる能力であると考えられた。 臨地実習に導入したポートフォリオは臨床的思考の修得を促進し、それらの教育効果を視覚化でき 有用である。
8 Apr 2016
TL;DR: U nasljedne čimbenike, učestali uzrok strabizma je i (etiološki vrlo heterogena) ambliopija [3,4,5]; stoga treba što hitnije pristupiti liječenju.
Abstract: Strabizam (grč. στραβισμóς – strabismós – zakretanje, škiljenje, razrokost) česti je poremećaj s incidencijom od 2 – 6 % u općoj populaciji [1,2,3], a verifikacija dijagnoze te rana uporaba metoda liječenja najznačajniji je čimbenik u njegovu otklanjanju. Strabizam nije samo estetska pogreška, već može uzrokovati poremećaj u razvoju binokularnog vida. Uz nasljedne čimbenike, učestali uzrok strabizma je i (etiološki vrlo heterogena) ambliopija [3,4,5]; stoga treba što hitnije pristupiti liječenju.
11 May 2016
Abstract: Background: Patients with congenital superior oblique palsy tend to adopt a head tilt to the contralateral side to maintain binocular single vision. It has long been recognised that facial asymmetries may be caused by a head tilt. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of habitual head tilt due to congenital superior oblique palsy on dental occlusion. Patients and methods: The study was designed as a descriptive cohort study. Ten patients with congenital superior oblique palsy (3 female, 7 male; mean age 51.7 (y) ± 15.8 SD, ranging from 19 to 69 (y)) underwent orthodontic examination. Orthodontic findings and values for vertical, torsional and horizontal deviation measured with the Harms tangent screen and stereopsis using a random dot test were compared. Results: Three orthodontic parameters were found to correlate significantly or at least as trend with orthoptic parameters. Midline deviation of the upper jaw to the face (rho = 0.623; p = 0.054) and anterior positioning of upper first molar in the sagittal plane (rho = 0.594; p = 0.07) correlate with the vertical deviation; overbite correlates with horizontal deviation measured in the primary position (rho = 0.768; p = 0.016). Conclusions: In this small study, three orthodontic parameters correlated with orthoptic findings in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy. Further studies are needed to establish whether congenital superior oblique palsy is more frequent in patients exhibiting abnormal values of these orthodontic parameters.
TL;DR: For the majority of typical children and adults, as well as patients with most heterophorias and intermittent exotropia, disparity is the main cue to both vergence and accommodation, so the convergence of accommodation relationship is more influential than that of accommodative vergence.
Abstract: Aim: Orthoptists are familiar with AC/A ratios and the concept that accommodation drives convergence, but the reverse relationship, that of the accommodation associated with convergence, is rarely considered. Methods: This article reviews published evidence from our laboratory which has investigated the drives o both vergence and accommodation. All studies involved a method by which accommodation and vergence were measured concurrently and objectively to a range of visual stimuli which manipulate blur, disparity and proximal/looming cues in different combinations. Results: Results are summarised for both typical and atypical participants, and over development between birth and adulthood. Conclusions: For the majority of typical children andadults, as well as patients with most heterophorias and intermittent exotropia, disparity is the main cue to both vergence and accommodation. Thus the convergence of accommodation relationship is more influential than that of accommodative vergence. Differences in ‘style’ of near cue use may be a more useful way to think about responses to stimuli moving in depth, and their consequences for orthoptic patients, than either AC/A or CA/C ratios. The implications of a strong role for vergence accommodation in orthoptic practice are considered.