Open Grid Services Infrastructure

Abstract: About the Author. Preface.Acknowldegments. 1. Introduction. 1.1 What Is Grid Computing And What Are The Key Issues? 1.2 Potential Applications and Financial Benefits of Grid Computing. 1.3 Grid Types, Topologies, Components, Layers -- A Preliminary View. 1.4 Comparison With Other Approaches. 1.5 A First View at Grid Computing Standards. 1.6 A Pragmatic Course of Investigation. 2. Grid Benefits and Status of Technology. 2.1 Motivations For Considering Computational Grids. 2.2 Brief History of Computing, Communications, and Grid Computing. Communication. Computation. Grid Technology. 2.3 Is Grid Computing Ready for Prime Time? 2.4 Early Suppliers and Vendors. 2.5 Possible Economic Value. 2.5.1 Possible Economic Value: One Statea s Positioning. 2.5.2 Possible Economic Value: Extrapolation. 2.6 Challenges. 3. Components of Grid Computing Systems/Architectures. 3.1 Overview. 3.2 Basic Constituent Elements -- A Functional View. Portal/User Interface Function/Functional Block. The Grid Security Infrastructure: User Security Function/Functional Block. Node Security Function/Functional Block. Broker Function/Functional Block And Directory. Scheduler Function/Functional Block. Data Management Function/Functional Block. Job Management And Resource Management Function/Functional Block. User/Application Submission Function/Functional Block. Resources. Protocols. 3.3 Basic Constituent Elements -- A Physical View. Networks. Computation. Storage. Scientific Instruments. Software and licenses. 3.4 Basic Constituent Elements -- Service View. 4. Standards Supporting Grid Computing: OGSI. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Motivations for Standardization. 4.3 Architectural Constructs. 4.3.1 Definitions. 4.3.2 Protocol Perspective. 4.3.3 Going From "Art" To "Science". 4.4 What is OGSA/OGSI? A Practical View. 4.5 OGSA/OGSI Service Elements and Layered Model. 4.5.1 Key Aspects. 4.5.2 Ancillary Aspects. 4.5.3 Implementations of OGSI. 4.6 What is OGSA/OGSI? A More Detailed View. 4.6.1 Introduction. 4.6.2 Setting the Context. 4.6.3 The Grid Service. 4.6.4 WSDL Extensions and Conventions. 4.6.5 Service Data. 4.6.6 Core Grid Service Properties. 4.6.7 Other Details. 4.7 A Possible Application Of OGSA/OGSI To Next--Generation Open--Source Outsourcing. 4.7.1 Opportunities. 4.7.2 Outsourcing Trends. 5. Standards Supporting Grid Computing: OGSA. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Functionality Requirements. 5.2.1 Basic Functionality Requirements. 5.2.2 Security Requirements. 5.2.3 Resource Management Requirements. 5.2.4 System Properties Requirements. 5.2.5 Other Functionality Requirements. 5.3 OGSA Service Taxonomy. 5.3.1 Core Services. 5.3.2 Data Services. 5.3.3 Program Execution. 5.3.4 Resource Management. 5.4 Service Relationships. 5.4.1 Service Composition. 5.4.2 Service Orchestration. 5.4.3 Types of Relationships. 5.4.4 Platform Services. 5.5 OGSA Services. 5.5.1 Handle Resolution. 5.5.2 Virtual Organization Creation and Management. 5.5.3 Service Groups and Discovery Services. 5.5.4 Choreography, Orchestration and Workflow. 5.5.5 Transactions. 5.5.6 Metering Service. 5.5.7 Rating Service. 5.5.8 Accounting Service. 5.5.9 Billing and Payment Service. 5.5.10 Installation, Deployment, and Provisioning. 5.5.11 Distributed Logging. 5.5.12 Messaging and Queuing. 5.5.13 Event. 5.5.14 Policy and Agreements. 5.5.15 Base Data Services. 5.5.16 Other Data Services. 5.5.17 Discovery Services. 5.5.18 Job Agreement Service. 5.5.19 Reservation Agreement Service. 5.5.20 Data Access Agreement Service. 5.5.21 Queuing Service. 5.5.22 Open Grid Services Infrastructure. 5.5.23 Common Management Model. 5.6 Security Considerations. 5.7 Examples of OGSA Mechanisms in Support of VO Structures. 6. Grid System Deployment Issues and Approaches. 6.1 Generic Implementations: Globus Toolkit. 6.1.1 Globus Toolkit tools and APIs. 6.1.2 Details on Key Tookit Protocols. 6.1.3 Globus Toolkit Version 3. 6.1.4 Applications. 6.2 Grid Computing Environments. 6.3 Basic Grid Deployment and Management Issues. 6.3.1 Products Categories. 6.3.2 Business Grid Types. 6.3.3 Deploying a Basic Computing Grid. 6.3.4 Deploying More Complex Computing Grids. 6.3.5 Grid Networking Infrastucture Required for Deployment. 6.3.6 Grid Operation -- Basic Steps. 6.3.7 Deployment Challenges and Approaches. 6.4 Grid Security Details -- Deployment Peace of Mind. 6.4.1 Basic Approach and Mechanisms. 6.4.2 Additional Perspectives. 6.4.3 Conclusion. 7. Grid System Economics. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Grid Economic Services Architecture. 7.2.1 Introduction. 7.2.2 Overview. 7.2.3 The Chargeable Grid Service (CGS). 7.2.4 The Grid Payment System. 7.2.5 GPSHold Service. 7.2.6 The Grid CurrencyExchange Service. 7.2.7 An Example. 7.2.8 Security Considerations. 8. Communication Systems for Local Grids. 8.1 Introduction and Positioning. 8.2 SAN--related Technology. 8.2.1 Fibre Channel Technology -- Native Mode. 8.2.2 Fibre Channel Technology -- Tunneled Modes. 8.3 LAN--related Technology. 8.3.1 Standards. 8.3.2 Key concepts. 9. Communication systems for national grids. 9.1 MLF. 9.1.1 Motivations and Scope. 9.1.2 Multilink Frame Relay. 9.2 MPLS Technology. 9.2.1 Approaches. 9.2.2 MPLS Operation. 9.2.3 Key Mechanisms Supporting MPLS. 9.2.4 Service Availability. 10. Communication Systems for Global Grids. 10.1 The Basics of Layer 2 and layer 3 VPNs. 10.2 The Layer 3 Approach. 10.3 Layer 2 MPLS VPNs--A Different Philosophy. 10.4 Which Works Better Where?. 10.5 A Grid Computing Application. References. Glossary. Index.

Abstract: The open grid services infrastructure (OGSI) defines a distributed system framework by integrating grid and Web services technologies to facilitate resource sharing. In OGSI, Web services are supplemented with additional features in order to meet the requirements of grid computing. However, the issue of grid service composition is not well addressed in the OGSI framework. We apply BPEL4WS (business process execution language for Web services) as a business workflow description language for the composition of grid services. We provide an in depth analysis of BPEL4WS and OGSI in terms of their similarities and differences in areas such as life cycle management, Web service instantiation and instance group management. Based on our analysis we propose a high-level architecture to compliment OGSI with BPEL4WS for defining process workflow among grid services. We describe a prototype system which shows how the proposed architecture can be used in modelling or orchestrating grid services with BPEL4WS.

Abstract: This paper presents the design of an implementation-independent, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), which is the main basis of the ICENI Grid middleware. Three implementations of this architecture have been provided on top of Jini, JXTA and the Open Grid Services Infrastructure (OGSI). The main goal of this paper is to discuss these different implementations and provide an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.

Abstract: Computational steering refers to the real-time interaction of a scientist with their running simulation code. Despite the many benefits associated with computational steering, its uptake to date has been limited. In this paper we discuss the reasons for this and how the computational steering library and associated tools developed as part of the RealityGrid project aim to tackle them. We describe the functionality of the steering library and the use of Grid services in constructing a generic, dynamic architecture for discovering, steering and connecting visualization software to running simulations. The use of on-line visualization for providing feedback to the scientist is described, including the ways in which it may be enhanced through tools such as Chromium and Access Grid. Finally, we illustrate the flexibility of our approach by describing the functionality that has been added to various simulation codes as part of the RealityGrid project.