Oboe

Abstract: ....................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .............................................................................................. x LIST OF MUSICAL EXAMPLES .................................................................................... xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION: THE EXPENDABILITY OF CONVENTIONAL SYNTAX AND CAGE’S ENVIRONMENTAL THOUGHT ........................................... 1 Graphic Notation ........................................................................................................ 1 Coomaraswamy.......................................................................................................... 4 Zen Buddhism ............................................................................................................ 5 Thoreau ...................................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER II MANIFESTATIONS OF NATURE IN CAGE’S WORKS ..................... 8 Musical works using environmental sounds ............................................................ 17 Musical Pieces that use natural materials as instruments/sounds ............................ 23 Musical Works Using Thoreau’s Writings, Environmental Drawings and/or Natural Objects in the Composition Process ........................................................................ 24 CHAPTER III – RYOANJI FOR SOLO OBOE AND PERCUSSION OBBLIGATO ... 30 The Ryōan-ji Garden................................................................................................ 30 Cage’s “Ryoanji” visual art ..................................................................................... 32 History and Composition of the musical work ........................................................ 36 Ryoanji Performance Considerations ....................................................................... 40

Abstract: This book details the history of the oboe and the bassoon, discusses their role in orchestras and the increasing solo literature written for them. Joppig also includes an account of the changing role of the oboist and the bassoonist in society and reviews famous performers of the last 200 years. With a wide range of illustrative material, the development of the instrument's construction, tonal quality and playing technique is documented. The remodelling of the instruments is detailed as new materials were introduced. Advice on playing techniques is given for those learning to play the instruments. Joppig has written a number of books and articles on the oboe and bassoon.

Abstract: List of Tables Introduction Part I: Tone Production 1. Respiration 2. Articulation 3. The Embouchure 4. The Instrument 5. The Acoustics of the Room 6. The Listener Part II: Oboe Reeds 7. Reeds of Individual Oboists 8. A Delineation of Reed Styles 9. Symmetry and Conclusions Notes Bibliography