TL;DR: 14 foreign soybean varieties(lines) have been used in soybean breeding and cultivated in Shandong and derived from the germplasm accounted for 333 percent of total soy bean varieties in Shandsandong.
Abstract: 14 foreign soybean varieties(lines) have been used in soybean breeding and cultivated in Shandong 26 soybean varieties were derived from the germplasm, accounting for 333 percent of total soybean varieties in Shandong The sowing acreage of these derived varieties accounts for 402 percent of total soybean sowing acreage The nucleus inheritance effect value of foreign germplasm is 10751 , and cytoplasmic inheritance effect value is 2
TL;DR: It is found that the relative proportions of two bg112 alleles differed significantly among dikaryotic single-spore lines derived from isolate C3, indicating that genetically different nucleotypes are inherited unequally in this dkaryotic R. irregularis isolate.
Abstract: The genetic state of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus species Rhizophagus irregularis differs among isolates, including both homokaryotic and dikaryotic isolates. Via the production of multi-nucleate axexual spores, siblings of dikaryotic isolates may inherit unequal frequencies of nucleotypes. Using bg112, a microsatellite marker, previous studies revealed that lines deriving from single spores of the dikaryotic R. irregularis isolate C3 differed in their proportions of different alleles. A genomic study of single nuclei of R. irregularis, however, suggested that this marker was a multi-copy locus and that therefore it was inappropriate to study the inheritance of nuclei in dikaryotic isolates. In this study, we first analysed whole genome data of several R. irregularis isolates and demonstrated that bg112 is indeed a single copy locus in these genomes. Thus, the bg112 locus is a suitable marker to study the relative frequency of nucleotypes in R. irregularis. Second, by using amplicon sequencing, we confirmed the existence of one allele of bg112 in two homokaryotic isolates (DAOM197198 and C2) and two alleles in the dikaryotic isolate (C3). Finally, we found that the relative proportions of two bg112 alleles differed significantly among dikaryotic single-spore lines derived from isolate C3, indicating that genetically different nucleotypes are inherited unequally in this dikaryotic R. irregularis isolate.