Abstract: A nonparametric statistical test for the analysis of flow cytometry derived histograms is presented. The method involves smoothing and translocation of data, area normalization, channel by channel determination of the mean and S.D., and use of Bayes' theorem for unknown histogram classification. With this statistical method, different sets of histograms from numerous biological systems can be compared.

Abstract: The technique of dynamic programming for time registration of a reference and a test utterance has found widespread use in the area of discrete word recognition. Recently a number of variations on the basic time warping algorithms have been proposed by Sakoe and Chiba, and Rabiner, Rosenberg, and Levinson. These algorithms all assume the test input is an isolated word whose endpoints are known (at least approximately). The major difference in the methods are the global path constraints (i.e., the region of possible paths), the local continuity constraints on the path, and the distance weighting and normalization used to give the overall minimum distance. The purpose of this investigation is to study the effects of such variations on the performance of different algorithms for a realistic speech data base. The performance index is based on speed of operation, memory requirements, and recognition accuracy of the algorithm. Preliminary results indicate, in most cases, only small differences in performance among the various methods.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of the system for hot testing automobile engines includes a hot test station and an indexing mechanism, or conveyor, for advancing engines to the hot test station. The engines are operated during advancement such that normalization is achieved prior to reaching the hot test station.

Abstract: A new way to assess the resolution of inversion methods is defined. The dependence of resolution on accuracy is broken into three parts, each of which has a distinct practical significance. Representatives of four commonly used inversion techniques are evaluated in this context.

Abstract: In order to evaluate pole-figure measurements quantitatively, one needs the normalization factor which reduces measured intensity values to multiples of the random density. This factor may be determined experimentally by measuring the intensities of a random sample or it may be calculated by integrating over the whole pole-figure or its asymmetric unit. If pole-figure values are not available in the whole angular range 0 ≤ φ ≤ 90 ° (incomplete pole-figures), then the calculation is in general much more difficult and it usually presumes the knowledge of several pole-figures.In the case of fiber textures (axial symmetry), consisting of only a few strongly preferred orientations with the crystal directions 〈 u v w 〉 i parallel to the axis of symmetry, the normalization factor and hence the volume fractions of the components i may be calculated in a rather simple way requiring only one, possibly incomplete, pole figure.

Abstract: A new algorithm of pattern matching for time-space speech feature using Dynamic Programming is proposed for recognizing infinite-connected words spoken by male speakers without adaptation of speakers before the utterance. The new algorithm carries out frame-wisely two kinds of normalizations : the time normalization for removing speed variation of speech and the space normalization for removing speaker-dependence. This algorithm is realizable by a simple cellular automaton. The recognition rate 85.7% is obtained for 50 categories, h male speakers and 440 samples (connected words).

Abstract: This paper concerns a new approach to nonlinear spectral normalization to eliminate inter- speaker differences from frequency-band-limited speech. A frequency normalized distance between a test and a reference spectrum is defined on the basis of minimum mean square difference over all possible choices of frequency warping functions under certain constraints. This spectral distance is computed by means of dynamic programming after adaptively eliminating the individual glottal characteristics. Applications to the identification of steady-state vowels and the detection of words in connected speech is discussed.

Abstract: There is a need for standardization of the mathematical treatment applied to data generated by magnitude estimation techniques in colour scaling, in which hue, saturation [colourjulness]. and absolute or relative brightness are scaled by observers. An aspect of data analysis which has not been considered adequately is the method employed in averaging scaled data points in hue-saturation space. This article suggests a possible approach: averaging on the assumption of global cylindrical polar coordinates describing hue and saturation, with rectangular Cartesian coordinates assumed for each individual cluster of points to be averaged. The method described here generates concentration ellipses which can be used to give discrimination data in any direction. The question of interobserver normalization is also addressed, as well as that of accuracy limitations of the proposed method.

Abstract: C h i n a in early 1979 is poised on the edge of a new political era. Nearly three decades after the formal establishment of the People’s Republic, full diplomatic relations with the United States have finally been achieved. A Treaty of Peace and Friendship with Japan, signed in October 1978, has consummated an equally historic process of rapprochement, with Tokyo prepared for the first time to align with one of the principal disputants in the Sino-Soviet conflict, at obvious cost for its relations with the other. In a broad range of international initiatives, China’s leadership is now pursuing concrete, long-term ties to the West and to Japan in foreign trade, purchases of advanced technology (both military and civilian), and diplomatic measures aimed at countering Soviet political and military power. Party-to-party relations with Albania and Vietnam, both close Chinese allies in the past, have been vituperatively severed, along with all economic and military agreements. Peking’s sudden military assault into Vietnam’s northernmost provinces in February, 1979, furnishes even more potent and revealing evidence of the magnitude of the departure from past policies. As old allies have been discarded and even invaded, China has made its peace with still older antagonists. Thus, partyto-party ties with Yugoslavia, scorned for nearly two decades as the principal source of modern revisionism, have been fully restored, with President Tito and Hua Kuo-feng, China’s new Party Chairman, exchanging highly publicized visits. Finally, many of these changes have diminished China’s long identification with and focus upon the third world. With a speed and apparent finality that few observers would have thought possible, the People’s Republic’s leadership seems determined to pursue an international course in the coming decade that at best bears only partial resemblance to the professed ideals of the past. Changes underway in China’s domestic politics and economics since the death of Party Chairman Mao Tse-tung in September 1976 hold even more potential significance. While comparisons to Soviet politics following the death of Stalin are inevitable and perhaps somewhat facile, they are not wholly inapt. A remarkable range of political, economic, and institutional initiatives, launched under the aegis and active guidance of Party Vice Chairman Teng Hsiao-p’ing, have progressed farther and faster than most ob-

Abstract: Lowering and raising operators for the vector space U(n) ⊇IU(n) and O(n) ⊇IO(n) have been obtained, and their normalization constants evaluated. For U(n) ⊇IU(n), we obtain two forms, one according to Nagel and Moshinsky, and the other according to Bincer. For O(n) ⊇IO(n),we obtain the shift operators according to Bincer.

Abstract: A general approach to analysis and design of MOSFET-inverter circuits is presented This approach includes the use of normalized variables in conjunction with an accurate MOSFET model in which important effects, such as body effect and channel shortening, are taken into account Design curves of normalized delay parameters and power-delay product can be used as a design tool and as a means of comparing different static MOSFET-inverter types The normalization procedure is independent of MOSFET device scaling rules

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the normalization of the operation and workability of a conveyor controller using a pulse oscillator and a pulse counter by detecting the abnormalities of the pulse cscillator and counter.

Abstract: Derivations of distributions of diffusivity, flow velocity, and sediment concentration over the flow depth were made for a generalized normalization of the relative distance from the flow boundary. Boundary condition restraints suggest a normalization function with a finite lower limit and an infinite upper limit. In analytical considerations, the distribution functions were discussed relative to an unspecified mean turbulent diffusivity. An analysis of the distributions was made in terms of their limits at the channel boundary and the free surface (or top of the boundary layer). The analytical developments were then applied to three models that have been used previously. Besides the parabolic and error function distributions of diffusivity, an expression for the diffusivity distribution was derived from the power function model for the velocity distribution. A numerical solution for the concentration distribution was made based on this diffusivity distribution. Two new normalization functions were invest...

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce a fairy thick steel plate for pressure container, with a higher strength and an excellent weldability in normalization by adding a fairy small amount of B and Sol. Al of 0.03pi or more to a steel.

Abstract: : Recent work on intersensor processing has stimulated interest in techniques for determining information common to two data sequences which may be used for detection, tracking or a combination of these and other functions. Three algorithms which seemed naturally to suggest themselves for intersensor processing were compared. It was determined that the use of a normalization factor significantly degrades detection performance in regions characterized by low time-bandwidth product TW or = 64. For TW or = 120, all three algorithms performed about equally on the detection function. The principal implication of this work is that the operating mode of the system (which may dictate the low time-bandwidth product used) may affect the choice of algorithms to be used. In a tactical application where decisions must be made quickly, use of an unnormalized correlator may be mandatory. In a situation where long integration times are acceptable, a normalized formula such as the coherence detector may be chosen for data processing, as opposed to signal processing, economies. (Author)