Abstract: This research explores student voice and student perceptions of teaching excellence in higher education, and authors suggest implications for student engagement and student/staff partnerships in te...

Abstract: A large body of literature has focused on potential causes and consequences of candidate nomination procedures. One of the received wisdoms in this literature is that loyalty to the party leadershi...

Abstract: This article explores the conformity between women's experience in standing for a legislative election and the literature on women's parliamentary representation, using Indonesian female politicians as a case study. By interviewing 28 national female politicians in Indonesia, the analysis reveals that the strongest agreement was given to the cultural/ideological explanation. It also confirms that open-list proportional representation (PR) electoral system and gender quota offer a greater opportunity for women to win an elective office. However, as elaborated in the discussion section, the rampant practices of money politics and vote counting fraud can be a stumbling block to all candidates if not properly addressed. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the subjective experience of female MPs is important and needs to be acknowledged in order to comprehend what is really harming women's political nomination.

Abstract: In increasingly diverse polities, the question of how minorities engage with national and local political processes is important. In the U.K., the Labour Party has traditionally benefited electorally from ethnic minority communities, often through ethnicity-based voting blocs. However, little attention has been paid to how the Party’s candidate selection process is influenced by strategic party membership and nomination. We argue that community clan or kinship (biraderi) networks found amongst British Pakistanis have been mobilised for this purpose. We examine the cases of Bradford and Birmingham with respect to the nominations for Prospective Candidates at both parliamentary and local council level. We show the continued importance of biraderi connections in spite of Labour Party attempts to ‘clean up’ selection contests through impositions of the National Executive Committee (NEC). Such practices favour the selection of candidates with strong biraderi links and, as such, often marginalise female candidates.

Abstract: In list proportional representation (PR) systems, parties shape political selection. We propose a theory of party list choice and elections in list PR systems. Our results describe how a party allocates candidates of heterogenoeus quality across list ranks depending on (1) its electoral goals and (2) its competitive environment. We test our predictions on the universe of Swedish local politicians from 1991 to 2014. While parties assign better candidates to higher ranks at all ballot levels, the pattern is most pronounced among electorally advantaged parties, i.e., those with the strongest prospect of controlling the executive. These results contrast with existing accounts of candidate selection, which emphasize that parties prioritize candidate quality in their nomination strategies only when constrained by electoral incentives. Our results, instead, suggest that the principal demand for high-quality politicians derives from parties, rather than voters.

Abstract: In collective decision-making, a group of independent experts propose individual choices to reach a common decision. This is the case of competitive events such as Olympics, international Prizes or grant evaluation, where groups of experts evaluate individual performances to assign resources, e.g. scores, recognitions, or funding. However, there are systems where evaluating individual’s performance is difficult: in those cases, other factors play a relevant role, leading to unexpected emergent phenomena from micro-scale interactions. The Nobel assignment procedure, rooted on recommendations, is one of these systems. Here we unveil its network, reconstructed from official data and metadata about nominators, nominees and awardees between 1901 and 1965, consisting of almost 12,000 individuals and 17,000 nominations. We quantify the role of homophily, academic reputation of nominators and their prestige neighborhood, showing that nominees endorsed by central actors – who are part of the system’s core because of their prestigious reputation – are more likely to become laureate within a finite time scale than nominees endorsed by nominators in the periphery of the network. We propose a mechanistic model which reproduces all the salient observations and allows to design possible countermeasures to mitigate observed effects.

Abstract: This paper addresses polarization quantification, particularly as it pertains to the nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to the US Supreme Court and his subsequent confirmation with the narrowest margin since 1881. Republican (GOP) and Democratic (DNC) senators voted overwhelmingly along party lines. In this paper, we examine political polarization concerning the nomination among Twitter users. To do so, we accurately identify the stance of more than 128 thousand Twitter users towards Kavanaugh’s nomination using both semi-supervised and supervised classification. Next, we quantify the polarization between the different groups in terms of who they retweet and which hashtags they use. We modify existing polarization quantification measures to make them more efficient and more effective. We also characterize the polarization between users who supported and opposed the nomination.

Abstract: It is well established that political parties play a key role as gatekeepers to elected office. This article explores the local determinants of a diverse candidate pool. In particular, we seek to uncover the district- or riding-specific party factors that are related to women's participation in the parties’ candidate nomination stages. That is, why do some nomination races in a party have no women contestants, while others have many? Using data from an original survey of party constituency association presidents, as well as extensive nomination data from Elections Canada, we demonstrate that a number of local factors are related to the presence of women contesting a party's nomination. Local party associations with a woman serving as president, as well as associations that hold earlier and longer nominations, are significantly more likely to see a woman enter the contest. The results are important since they call attention to what parties do at the grassroots level, as well as highlight practical solutions for parties seeking to have more diversity in their candidate pool.

Abstract: Several mechanisms exist to address the low levels of gender and race diversity in boardrooms, including mandatory quotas, voluntary targets and investor activism. Based on the similarity-attraction theory, the authors investigated whether nomination committees of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) could serve as an internal change mechanism to promote board gender and race diversity.,Panel data on the gender and race diversity of the nomination committees and boards of the 40 largest listed companies (the JSE Top 40) were analysed over the period 2011- 2016. Panel regressions were conducted to investigate four hypothesised associations.,More diverse boards had significantly more diverse nomination committees in terms of both gender and race. A significant positive association was furthermore reported between the race diversity of nomination committees and the appointment of new directors of colour. The latter finding could partly be attributed to legislation to enhance black representation in all spheres of the South African economy.,South Africa offers a unique socio-political setting in which to conduct board diversity research. In line with the similarity-attraction theory, it is shown that diverse nomination committees have an essential role in setting and achieving board gender and race diversity targets.

Abstract: Given a vertex of interest in a network $G_1$, the vertex nomination problem seeks to find the corresponding vertex of interest (if it exists) in a second network $G_2$. A vertex nomination scheme produces a list of the vertices in $G_2$, ranked according to how likely they are judged to be the corresponding vertex of interest in $G_2$. The vertex nomination problem and related information retrieval tasks have attracted much attention in the machine learning literature, with numerous applications to social and biological networks. However, the current framework has often been confined to a comparatively small class of network models, and the concept of statistically consistent vertex nomination schemes has been only shallowly explored. In this paper, we extend the vertex nomination problem to a very general statistical model of graphs. Further, drawing inspiration from the long-established classification framework in the pattern recognition literature, we provide definitions for the key notions of Bayes optimality and consistency in our extended vertex nomination framework, including a derivation of the Bayes optimal vertex nomination scheme. In addition, we prove that no universally consistent vertex nomination schemes exist. Illustrative examples are provided throughout.

Abstract: The fraught process surrounding the recent nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to the US Supreme Court was a spectacular deployment of institutional power to suppress good faith allegations of sexual vio...

Abstract: Bengal produced a number of high rank scientists, but ignored their history. One such unsung hero is Upendra Nath Brahmachari (1873–1946). Brahmachari discovered pentavalent antimonials, Urea Stibamine for the treatment of kala-azar in 1922 long before the discovery of penicillin. In the history of chemotherapy his contribution stands as major landmark. The drug effectively countered the epidemic of kala-azar during the late twentieth century in the vast track of the Gangetic plain and the Brahmaputra valley. The discovery testifies the monument of labor, knowledge and amply rewarded the clinical success it had attained. He was nominated for the Fellowship of the Royal Society of London, as well as Nobel Prize. The present communication1 gives a short review about his life and scientific work.

Abstract: The background of this research is the conflict began with an inharmony between political party leaders and legislators, especially those who have become legislative members and intend to advance again as legislative candidates from the same party. It aims to provide solutions for political parties in the election nomination. It reveals conflict in the preparation of candidates in the elections of 2019. Researchers collect data from political party information and media coverage by comparing news. The method is qualitative with analysis using Paul Conn's conflict structure theory to produce alternative solutions. The results is a difference in expectations and designs between political party leaders and incumbent legislators, according to political party leaders that legislative incumbents need to have an evaluation so they are displaced from candidates for those who were not optimally fighting for political parties, different perspectives of incumbent legislators because they feel have struggled be serious and prepare for second (more) contestation. The legislative incumbent who should be eligible to advance back from the same electoral district then tries to find a new path by advancing again as a legislative candidate by using other political parties. The Conclusion is shifting legislative candidates and changes in the acquisition of election results show the dynamics of political party conflict affect the outcome.

Abstract: 1. Happenstance and Reforms 2. Presidential Nomination Politics at the Dawn of the 21st Century 3. Is This a Fair Way to Select a Presidential Nominee? 4. Alternative Methods for Nominating Presidents 5. Oddities, Biases, and Strengths of U.S. Presidential Nomination Politics

Abstract: This chapter examines how parity sanctions targeted at the major political parties since 2002 have impacted gendered processes of nomination. It also investigates how gender plays a role in individual decisions to seek nomination and run for office with a focus on whether the most recent increase in parity sanctions in the 2017 elections matter for promoting gender equality. While financial sanctions played a role in increasing the number of female candidates, especially for left-wing and small political parties, we argue that the massive increase in women’s presence in the 2017 election cycle is mostly due to other factors, like the radical changes in the political party system in 2017. The chapter first highlights the context for parity reform debates and the implementation set by general campaign financing regulation and electoral reforms. Next, it assesses the relative effects of the financial sanctions as compared to other electoral reforms and other important changes in the political landscape. In the last section, we apply a more micro-sociological analysis to the three constituencies to examine campaign financing and recruitment processes in the 2017 elections. The conclusion discusses the implications of this study for gender equality in political life in France.

Abstract: Despite the importance of every nomination to the Supreme Court, a unified theory that illuminates presidential selection of nominees across the modern political era remains elusive. We propose a new theory --- the "characteristics approach" --- that envisions nominees as bundles of characteristics, such as ideology, policy reliability, and attributes of diversity. We formalize the theory, which emphasizes the political returns to presidents from a nominee's characteristics and the "costs" of finding and confirming such individuals, and derive explicit presidential demand functions for these characteristics. Using newly collected data on both nominees and short-list candidates, we estimate these demand functions. They reveal some striking and under-appreciated regularities in appointment politics. In particular, the substantial increase in presidential interest in the Supreme Court's policy output and the increased availability of candidates with desired characteristics has led to significant changes in appointment politics and the composition of the Court.

Abstract: Immigrants are underrepresented in most democratic parliaments. To explain the immigrant--native representation gap existing research emphasizes party gatekeepers and structural conditions. But a more complete account must consider the possibility that the representation gap already begins at the supply stage. Are immigrants simply less interested in elected office? To test this explanation, we carried out an innovative case--control survey in Sweden. We surveyed elected politicians, candidates for local office, and residents who have not run, stratified these samples by immigrant status, and linked all respondents to local political opportunity structures. We find that differences in political ambition, interest, and efficacy do not help explain immigrants’ underrepresentation. Instead, the major hurdles lie in securing a candidate nomination and being placed on an electable list position. We conclude that there is a pipeline of potential immigrant candidates, but immigrants' ambition is thwarted by political elites.

Abstract: American politics has been transformed by the emergence of the advocacy party—a form of organization in which extraparty interest groups, advocacy organizations, and social movements substitute for the diminished institutional capacity and popular legitimacy of the formal party apparatus. Many scholars have rightly pointed to the presidential nomination reforms made by the Democratic Party's post-1968 Commission on Party Structure and Delegate Selection (known as the McGovern-Fraser Commission) as a key contributor to polarization by increasing the influence of ideological activists. However, I argue that polarization is not the direct result of the actions of McGovern-Fraser reformers, but rather the outcome of their pitched battle with intraparty opponents of reform, who, while failing to prevent changes to presidential nominations, were ultimately successful in defeating the party-building dimension of the reformers’ project of party reconstruction. The product of their intraparty struggle was a hybrid institutional amalgam that layered new participatory arrangements over a hollow party structure, thus setting the Democratic Party on a path toward the advocacy party and its polarizing politics.

Abstract: The paper analyzes typical problems of nomination into the UNESCO global geoparks’ network on the example of the protected area of the Belogradchik Rocks in Bulgaria. The territory received the highest scores in terms of geological diversity. External experts of UNESCO confirmed uniqueness of the territory as having no analogy in the global network of geoparks. Nevertheless the project was dismissed on the basis of management criteria such as elaboration of detailed master-plan of governance of the territory, including marketing and financial © CC BY Калуцкова Н. Н., Синьовски Д., Дронин Н. М., Синьовска Д., Шеремет Э. А., 2019.

Abstract: In order to understand why women tend to be under-nominated even though they are more likely to be elected compared to men in Taiwan, this study focuses on the nomination systems of two major political parties. The country provides a critical case of inter-party and intra-party comparison for women’s nomination, as the two major parties diverge in their practice of candidate selection. Further, the electoral reforms from the SNTV (Single Non-Transferable Vote) system to the SMD (Single-Member District) system have led parties to alter their strategies in selecting women candidates. With the nomination dataset compiled over the past 20 years, this study finds that more centralized nomination is more conducive to women’s candidacy, even under different electoral systems. Under the old SNTV system, the more centralized KMT (Kuomintang) nominated more women candidates than did the decentralized DPP (Democratic Progressive Party). Under the new SMD system, women’s representation as a whole actually inc...

Abstract: This article considers the interplay between the democratic attitudes of candidates and their nomination through political parties. The focus is on candidates who articulate a dissatisfied attitude...

Abstract: Victims have acquired an unprecedented social and political legitimacy in the contemporary world. In light of this phenomenon and the debates it has generated in the social and human sciences, in this article we analyze how victimhood is constructed in Bojaya, a municipality on the Colombian Pacific coast, where more than eighty people were massacred in 2002 during a combat between the FARC-EP (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejercito del Pueblo) and the AUC (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia). Supported by interviews and field data, we argue that the social trauma of the massacre and suffering are the cause of political agency of the victims and the means for becoming political subjects. Based on conceptual categories coming from Lacanian psychoanalysis, we conclude that the nomination of victim in Bojaya is fundamental for its inhabitants –previously invisible– so that they can be recognized by the Other of the nation and the international scene.

Abstract: The election of the Regional Head of Pekanbaru in 2017 generally went smoothly, but at the beginning of the implementation of the Pilkada stage there was a nomination dispute between the regional head candidates who did not qualify with the Pekanbaru City General Election Commission (KPU). The nomination failure was the basis of the dispute over the nomination of the regional head, because there was a reason for disability in one of the prospective candidates which resulted in the failure of the candidate to become the regional head candidate for the Pekanbaru City Election in 2017. This research is sociological juridical legal research, in the form of how to deal with applicable laws and regulations are then associated with the reality that occurs in the community. The results of this study were in the form that Pekanbaru City KPU was asked to include the H. Dastrayani Bibra- H. Said Usman Abdullah as a participant in 2017 Mayor and Deputy Mayor Election, the interpretation of disability carried out by the KPU was refuted by the decision on nominating disputes issued by Pekanbaru City Election Supervisory Committee (Panwas). The conclusion in this study is in the dispute over the nomination of the Pekanbaru regional head that the Pekanbaru City Election Commission Decision was canceled with a Decision from the Election Supervisory Agency.

Abstract: In peer nomination research, individuals who do not provide nominations (nonparticipants) are often included on rosters as potential nominees This can present ethical questions regarding informed

Abstract: Abstract Metaphorical nomination is peculiar in every language, it is related to reality and world view perception, it also reveals the traits of nation mentality. However, there are universal models of metaphorical nomination. In both languages, special concepts can be nominated according to similar areas, e.g. human body, its physiological and mental peculiarities, mode of life, fauna, flora, objects of natural world, etc. The aim of this article is to analyse tendencies of metaphorical nominations in IT terminology in English and Lithuanian languages, reveal universalities and peculiarities of metaphorical nomination models. Research data of Lithuanian metaphorical terms and their English equivalents show that semantic loan-words constitute the major part of Lithuanian metaphorical terms. Consequently, their metaphorical meanings are borrowed but a substantial part of them are fairly motivated in the Lithuanian language and only a small part of them have a doubtful motivation. Having analysed various ways of metaphorical transference it is possible to claim that figurative nomination of concepts is the most universal with reference to flora names and items of mode of life. It is noted that there is a tendency to nominate concepts meaning particular objects in both English and Lithuanian languages whereas analogies of abstract things are less abundant.

Abstract: The notion of a student debt jubilee has begun its march from the margin of policy debates to the center. This article discusses why such a jubilee would be desirable and how it might be implemented. After reviewing the history of student debt, the arguments for cancellation, and the two bills that have been introduced in Congress over the past year by leading candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, the last section of the article presents the possibility that a substantial amount of public student debt cancellation could be undertaken without further legislation. The Department of Education has already been given the authority “compromise, waive, or release” its claims against students, and nothing under current law clearly limits that authority.

Abstract: The history of cinema in comparison with the thousand-year history of music, painting or theater is short. Cinema is one of the youngest and at the same time one of the most popular arts. Naturally, it attracted the attention of sociologists, aesthetics, art historians, cultural theorists, linguists – everyone who is interested in the problems of artistic creativity and its perception, the dynamics of public attitudes, etc. Drawing up the title of the movie is a very complex and multi-tasking process. It is necessary to create a competent heading structure for a film of a particular genre affiliation and select, if necessary, stylistic figures. It is important to create an attractive, concise title that will attract the attention of the viewer. In addition, the title should be translated keeping the link with the content. This study is devoted to the particular qualities of the nomination of feature films of world cinema of the 20th and early 21st centuries, as a reflection of socially significant cultural concepts. In order to achieve the goals, we achieved the following tasks: to present the classification of the titles of movies; define the functions of movie titles and identify the basic techniques and strategies of composition.