Abstract: This article examines the significance of the Reverend Jesse Jackson's bid for the Democratic party's presidential nomination. Jackson's candidacy represents a new use of political revivalism, an old evangelical political praxis recast in the modalities of African American Christian culture. This praxis is an aspect of American political culture that has often been overlooked because of past misunderstandings of American folk religion in general, and black Christianity in particular, as captives of an otherworldly and privatized spirituality. This article contends that black Christianity has an identifiable and coherent political style with both passive and active moods. The dominant manifestations of these moods are, respectively, political cynicism and political revivalism, which are the consequence of the correct folk perception that it is impossible to reason with the purveyors of the absurdities of racial injustice. A critical assessment of black Christianity's political symbolic capital seems approp...

Abstract: If there is a normative model of government to which many American political scientists seem directly and indirectly to subscribe, it is that of "responsible parties." From E. E. Schattschneider's defense of Party Government through Seymour Martin Lipset's Party Coalitions in the 1980s we encounter the persistent assertion that democracy in modern mass society can function successfully only through responsible political parties.' Policy implementation in the United States appears more haphazard and frustrating than in parliamentary democracies where responsible political parties can require their candidates to pledge support of the parties' principles and policies and to enforce those pledges in parliament. In the United States we see much less party discipline. The minimum requirements for responsible parties seem to be that party elites endorse and then secure nomination of candidates broadly supportive of party interests, and that party activists then make concerted efforts to elect these nominees. Unlike the European practice, in America only urban party machines have even come close to fulfilling these lesser requirements. Advocates of "responsible parties" have not expressed much enthusiasm, therefore, for developments like the increased importance of mass media and direct mail, or reforms like expanded primary elections, extended civil service requirements at the local level, and accurate computerized voter registration lists, all of which have tended to weaken urban party machines in the United States. In their view, these changes have done more harm than good. Political machines have not been displaced by something better: rather they have deteriorated into irrespon-

Abstract: He goes on to say that gurus are "charismatic leaders who offer important insights and helpful advice to the battle-weary" (592) Never, in my wildest flights of egotism, have I thought of myself as charismatic leader; rarely have I seen myself, Moses like, pronouncing the truth from on high, even if on high is only the raised platform of an auditorium Without false modesty, let me say that I conceive of myself as a teacher, like Clarke (I had the ill fortune to have had a good idea 20 years ago Everyone is entitled to one good idea in a lifetime; the lucky ones have it late in life so that it does not haunt them for long) Not only does Clarke nominate me for this honor, but he lists me first and credits me with introducing him to the work of Francis Christensen-now deceased To the extent that his nomination increases my income from paid talks and consultancies, I am grateful to him-even willing to provide him a finder's fee To the extent that the

Abstract: Friday 7th December 1984 at the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. There were 45 members present. 1. Nomination of acting Chairman Geoff Tresise was nominated as acting Chairman for the meeting and there being no other nomination he accepted. 2. Apologies for absence Phil Doughty (Chairman), Tim Pettigrew (Editor), Mike Bishop and Hugh Torrens. 3. Minutes of 1983 AGM Unfortunately the minutes of last yearns AGM had not been circulated to members. However, the minutes were taken as read and it was agreed that they be signed as a true record. 4. Matters Arising There were no matters arising. 5. Chairman's Report - from Phil Doughty This report was read to members by Geoff Tresise in the absence of...

Abstract: Survey data from the preconvention waves of the 1980 National Election Study are used to estimate the effect of expectations about who will be nominated on respondents' own preferences. The results confirm the conventional belief that bandwagons play an important role in nominating campaigns; at the same time, they suggest that the dynamics of the nominating process may be more subtle than simple bandwagon models would indicate. First, preferences are strongly and consistently projected onto expectations, making the relationship of central interest a reciprocal one. Second, the bases of candidate choice appear to change systematically with political circumstances. In close, volatile campaigns, support for bandwagon candidates (like George Bush in early 1980) is based largely on favorable expectations and on relatively general, diffuse political evaluations (e.g., “leadership”). By comparison, when expectations about the nomination are very one-sided, their impact on preferences approaches zero, and more specific, substantive political evaluations become increasingly important.