Abstract: I show that campaign finance-based measures of ideology (CFScores) and vote-based measures of ideology (NOMINATE) have become entirely uncorrelated among Democratic legislators in the US Congress. ...

Abstract: This study is intended to indicate that Indonesia's electoral system always experiences rapid dynamics in policy development. This study uses empirical normative legal research or a legal research method that uses a set of regulation relating to general elections and the rules of making positive law as reference of norms. Empirical research is also used to observe the results of human behavior in the form of physical archives. The methods are combined with the historical approach: an approach that is carried out by analyzing the debate arguments that occurred in the special committee meeting (Panitia Khusus) of the Election Draft Bill. The result of this research is the decision of the presidential threshold of 20% in the holding of presidential elections of 2019 contains the orthodox legal substance. This is because politically the law of its formation (Law No. 7 of 2017) is full of practical political interests of the ruling parties. Parties consisting of 6 factions gave a dominant opinion which leaned towards the 25% -30% threshold suggested by the government, while the other 4 factions do not agree with the high nomination threshold, because the concept of election must provide free space for each party to nominate their respective presidential candidates. The government had its own agenda to continue and extend the existing incumbent president and prevent the possibility for others. Therefore, in order to protect the agenda, high nomination threshold was proposed. Through content analyses of the regulation it can be stated that the high threshold has logical consequences for holding elections which create an insubstantial election environment and make the political climate in Indonesia unbalanced.

Abstract: Political parties in Western democracies with large immigrant populations have become increasingly interested in nominating immigrant-origin candidates. This paper investigates how contextual facto...

Abstract: The coalition of political parties in nominating the presidential and vice-presidential candidate pair is a necessity. This is because none of the political parties received a majority vote, making them need support from other parties to meet the presidential threshold requirement. However, the established coalition mostly is not based on the same vision, mission, and ideology. The coalition is based on the developed political situations and conditions or for power-sharing such as sharing ministerial seats. As a result, the composition of the coalition in each presidential election always changes. This is obviously a coalition pattern that is oriented only to pragmatism. The research problems in this study were as follows. (1) What is the basis of the coalition of political parties in Indonesia? (2) What is the pattern of political party coalitions in Indonesia? (3) Why does a permanent coalition pattern between political parties need to occur? This study analyzed the coalition pattern of political parties and its implications for the implementation of the presidential election in Indonesia. The results showed that the coalition pattern of political parties in Indonesia occurred because most of the political parties do not make their vision, mission, and ideology become the basis for determining the direction of the coalition. Political parties build coalitions based on the agreement for a certain number of ministerial seats promised by the presidential and vice-presidential candidate pairs that they nominate. Political parties that were previously rivals (from the winning presidential and vice-presidential candidate pairs) can transfer their supporting positions to the elected presidential and vice-presidential candidate pairs. In fact, a permanent coalition is highly needed to ensure a check and balance of the winner of the general election. This means that the composition of political parties supporting the losing presidential and vice-presidential candidate pairs must be ready to become parties in the opposition ranks, not to become government coalition parties.

Abstract: Longstanding debate over the Politicized Departure Hypothesis (PDH) asserts that federal judges arrange to retire under presidents of the same political party as the presidents who first appointed them, thereby giving that party the right to nominate their successor. PDH is important for assessing political party agency by judges, who receive no consequent personal benefit, and for explaining the long-term political party orientation of courts. Previous PDH studies suffer from absent data on known and unknown determinants of retirement timing and correlational rather than causal methods. To avoid both problems, we apply 11 sharp regression discontinuity (SRD) analyses to voluntary judicial departures before and after six elections (1920-2016) that replaced Democratic presidents with Republicans and five elections that replaced Republicans with Democrats. We contrast judicial decisions to retire, resign, or take senior status during the days before a regime-changing election with such decisions during an equal number of days after the inauguration of a president from the other party, with tests performed for periods approximating 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. For pre-election and post-inauguration observation periods of 270 days, for example, the results of 10 of 11 analyses, including difference tests and difference-in-difference tests, are as predicted by PDH: judges were more likely to retire when the same party holds the presidency as when they were first appointed to the federal bench. Serendipitously, judges appointed by Republican presidents appear to respond more strongly than Democratic appointees to changes in the party holding the White House. We offer a novel explanation of PDH based on normative reciprocity in addition to ideology. We also suggest using politicized departure to examine effects of former judges’ political party agency on their prior judicial decisions.

Abstract: Voting for a presidential ticket is a common characteristic that is particular to the majority of presidential systems. When a voter chooses a candidate for president, they are actually also voting for the other person on the ticket, in other words, the potential successor if the mandate is interrupted. Therefore, the selection of the candidate who will run for election alongside the presidential candidate represents an opportunity to nominate someone who can increase the ticket’s electorate or increase a possible president’s capacity for governance. In the literature there is an absence of systematic studies of these strategies used in the selection of vice-presidential candidates. In order to fill part of this gap, this study proposes a Vice-Presidential Candidate Profile Index (VPCPI), which allows an analysis of the strategies adopted in the selection of running mates. For the case of Brazil after redemocratization, the results were hybrid, in other words, strategies were adopted to select candidates who can help attract votes for the ticket, but who also have political experience to act in future governments.

Abstract: Cosmarium redimitum Borge var. acroscrobiculatum G.J.P.Ramos, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N.Moura, var. nov. (Figs 1–2) Diagnosis —It differs from the nominate variety by having scrobicles between tubercles from the apical crown. Those tubercles are most flattened than those in the nominate variety, almost on the same level as hexagonal intumescences from the face of the cell wall, in a number of 14-15 generally. Tubercles of the apical margin are rounded or generally elongated. Zygospores are globose-ellipsoid. Cell dimensions: length 60–75 μm, breadth 35–45 μm, breadth of isthmus 10–15 μm. Zygospore dimension: 60 μm diameter. Holotype — Material numbered (HUEFS 244149!) [pro parte] deposited at Herbarium of State University of Feira de Santana, Brazil. Population partially illustrated here in LM (Fig. 1) and SEM (Fig. 2). Paratype —Material numbered (HUEFS 155610) [pro parte] deposited at Herbarium of State University of Feira de Santana, Brazil. Etymology: acro - = top, - scrobiculatum = scrobicles; referring to the scrobicles between apical tubercles. Material examined — BRAZIL. Bahia State, Piatã, Barragem da Fazenda Dragão, 13°05’48” S, 41°51’02”W, 14 July 2017, G.J.P.Ramos et al. s/n. (HUEFS 244149); Mata de São João, Imbassaí River, 12º26’24”S, 37º57’01.5”W, 11 January 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura. s/n. (HUEFS 155610), Olho d’água, 12º17’42,8”S, 37º51’25,2”W, 14 March 2009, I.B. Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155704); Entre Rios, Subaúma river, 12º 03’32.5”S, 37º44’45,4”W, 15 February 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155636), Lagoon-road, 12º12’58,6”S, 37º47’50,9”W, 26 July 2009, I.B.Oliveira & J. T. Farias s/n. (HUEFS 155756); Esplanada, Subaúma lagoon, 12º12’58,4”S, 37º47’51,6”W, 4 February 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155612), Lagoon -Km 96, 11º53’03,8”S, 37º38’58,6”W, 26 July 2009, I.B.Oliveira & J.T.Farias s/n. (HUEFS 155742); Conde, Barra do Itariri river, 11º57’45,3”S, 37º40’12,6”W, 28 February 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155648), Baixios, Lagoa Azul, 12º06’33,4”S, 37º42’05,3”W, 14 March 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155692), Sítio do Conde-Poças, 11º49’32,5”S, 37º33’08,6”W, 2 August 2009, I.B.Oliveira & C.W.N. Moura s/n. (HUEFS 155815). Note —We have found a bunch of specimens of C. redimitum var. acroscrobiculatum in some areas of the Bahia State, especially at a dam (Fazenda Dragão dam) from Piatã, Chapada Diamantina region. In a sample from there (HUEFS 244149), an ellipsoid-subglobose zygospore of C. redimitum var. acroscrobiculatum was found, representing the first record of this structure to the species. Cells dividing were rather common in that sample too. Abiotic water parameters that were mensurated in the sample were water temperature (21ºC), pH (7.8), conductivity (10 μS. cm-1), dissolved oxygen (9.2 mg.L- 1). We have noticed minor morphological variations of specimens from Bahia, such as apical margin which could be somewhat truncate (most common) or slightly rounded, and the tubercles from apical crown, which could be rounded or elongated (most common). Among the South America records of C. redimitum, those considered representatives of C. redimitum var. acroscrobiculatum are: Couté & Tell (1981: 91, Pl. XV, figs. 3- 4) from Argentina, Duque et al. (2013, Appendix 1, Fig. C) from Colombia, Salazar & Guarrera (2000, Fig. 48) from Venezuela. Taxon illustrated by Förster (1964: Pl. 45, Fig. 8) from Conceição, Goyaz, Brazil (currently, Tocantins State), although it is not possible to see the scrobicles, it is rather similar to those found in Bahia, with apical crown flattened, almost like papillae. Borge (1925) also reported the occurrence of C. redimitum in Brazil (Sepotuba River, State of Mato Grosso). However, he did not provide any figure neither information on cell wall, as he has not seen empty cells. Therefore, it was not possible to restudy this taxon to consider whether it is from the typical variety or var. acroscrobiculatum. Current status of all records of Cosmarium redimitum and their distribution in South America have been updated as represented in Fig. 3 and Table 1. Cosmarium pseudoredimitum Coesel & Van Geest (2017:340) is another interesting species, known also from the Tropical region (Zambia, Africa) and rather similar to C. redimitum. However, C. pseudoredimitum differs from the latter by having no apical crown of tubercles, semicells are broadly elliptic in apical view, and the cell wall is covered with large pore fields that are arranged in hexagons, whereas C. redimitum has circular outline in apical view, and the cell wall is ornamented with punctations surrounding the intumescences. In addition, C. redimitum has one pyrenoid by chloroplast (Grönblad 1945, Förster 1969), whereas C. pseudoredimitum has two pyrenoids (Coesel & van Geest 2017).

Abstract: Malimbus malimbicus crassirostris Hartert Malimbus malimbicus crassirostris Hartert, 1919: 140 (Budongo Forest, Unyoro). Now Malimbus malimbicus crassirostris Hartert, 1919. See Chapin, 1954b: 386–388; Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 60; Dickinson, 2003: 724; Fry and Keith, 2004: 88–92; and Craig, 2010: 195. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 725064, adult male, collected in the Budongo Forest, c. 01.47N, 31.35E (Polhill, 1988) Bunyoro (= Unyoro), Uganda, on 17 February 1907, by L.M. Seth- Smith. From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Hartert designated his only adult male as the type in the original description and noted that he had in addition an apparently adult female and a young bird, all from Budongo Forest. The two paratypes are: AMNH 725065, immature male, 7 March 1907; AMNH 725068, female, 25 February 1907, both collected by Seth-Smith. Moreau and Greenway (1962: 60) and Dickinson (2003: 724) considered crassirostris to be a synonym of nominate malimbicus. Other authors have recognized it.

Abstract: Additional file 7: Table S6. The list of differential expressed genes in OA-patient-derived monocytes after CRP stimulation.

Abstract: Additional file 2: Table S1. List of information for patients with RA and OA.

Abstract: Abstract BackgroundThe second wave of Corona-Pandemic posed the German Healthcare system to a major challenge. Due to the fast and wide spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in November 2020, the number of COVID-19-patients needing intensive care treatment was rapidly growing. Transferring patients between hospitals was necessary to prevent an overflow of treatment capacities within the ambulance district of Augsburg. This project aimed to create a coordination structure that ensures an efficient guiding of all hospitals within the ambulance district Augsburg.Material and methodsAn executive order of the Bavarian ministries of health and internal affairs 1 lead to the appointment of a Medical Director of Hospital Coordination (MDHC) within each ambulance district. Each hospital had to nominate a pandemic officer (PO). Based on the executive order and the “disaster management manual 100” 2 we established a hospital coordination structure for the ambulance district Augsburg.ResultsBetween October 18 th 2020, and February 14 th 2021, the staff of the MDHC coordinated 407 transfers of patients. 223 patients were treated on a general ward, 184 on intensive care units. The transfers prevented several impending triage situations. Using the coordination structure, the urgent reduction of a COVID-19 intensive care unit of a level 1 hospital from 7 to 2 beds was managed within 4 hours after alarm. ConclusionsBased on the “disaster management manual 100” 2 we were able to establish a hospital coordination structure that can withstand high pressure and ensured that impending triage situations were prevented. Urgent shortages of treatment capacities were balanced through the transfer of patients. The major problem was the lack of intensive care personnel.

Abstract: Ranatra longipes thai Lansbury, 1972 Material examined. – Stream near road linking Padang Gaong Rd to Makam Mahsuri Rd: 1 male, 1 female (macropterous), HZL9. Remarks. – Because of the different paramere compared with the nominate form (see Lansbury, 1972), this taxon should have the status of a distinct species. Distribution. – Thailand (Lansbury, 1972). Chen et al. (2005) list the Malay Peninsula with a question mark. First record from Malaysia.

Abstract: Meloe (Meloe) modestus Fairmaire, 1887 Meloe modestus Fairmaire, 1887: 129. Type locality: “ Yunnan ” (China). Type depository: MNHN. Meloe (Meloe) modestus: Bologna, 2008: 402. Material examined from Xizang. None. Distribution. China: Xizang (Bologna, 2008) (Markam (Tan, 1981; Wang et al., 2003), Zogang (Tan, 1981; Wang et al., 2003)), Shanxi, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan. Remarks. According to the point of M. A. Bologna (personal communication), this species should belong to an undetermined subgenus or the subgenus Eurymeloe. However, this result has not been published. Therefore, we reserve this species in the nominate subgenus tentatively.

Abstract: Brassolis isthmia daisye ssp. nov. (Plate 2, figs. 9–12; Plate 3, figs. 7–9) Identification (see the above plates for detailed wing pattern). Like wallengreni ssp. nov., the wing pattern is typical of all isthmia subspecies with a broad, orange, forewing band that crosses the apical part of the cell, but encloses two small (one very small), dark brown spot at the cell apex. In the male, the forewing band extends from just above the tornus (unlike i. wallengreni and granadensis) up to the cell and, in some specimens, only a short distance (c. 1–2 mm) beyond the apical part of the cell (Plate 3, fig. 12). Additionally, the outer margin of the forewing band in space M 3 –Cu 1 is convex (like granadensis and nominate isthmia). The hindwing is a fairly uniform chocolate-brown, but there is some slight variation in colour density with the outer margin being a slightly lighter colour. On the underside, there are three, round to elliptical, sub-marginal spots. Of these spots, the distal one of the only two males examined is pear-shaped (round in the females), with an inner, narrow, well-defined, dark brown line, the median one is rounder, much smaller, indistinct, and has only a diffuse brown ring, whilst the one towards the proximal margin is also round, but has a diffuse dark brown ring. B. i. daisye is most easily distinguished from nominate isthmia in the female. In the female, the forewing band crosses the upper part of the cell (occupying a bigger area than nominate isthmia) and then extends proximally sub-parallel to the costal margin (Plate 3, fig. 8). On the forewing underside, the median orange band just touches the top of the cell; the proximal part of the forewing band in the cell almost encloses an irregular, dark brown spot. The forewing length of the holotype is 52 mm; others range from 49–55 mm. The two males examined range from 43–44 mm. Types: Holotype female: COLOMBIA: Chicorral, 1920, Pomeroy in BMNH; Paratypes: female: COLOMBIA: Chaparral, 600 m, 20/05/1993, Rozo in ICNO; female, COLOMBIA: Honda, 250 m, 00/04/ 1957, Schmidt-Mumm in IAVH; female, COLOMBIA: Nariño, 240 m, 25/09/1993, Jaramillo in ICNO; male, COLOMBIA: Mariquita, 00/08/1992, Moreno in UPI; male COLOMBIA: Remedios Casabe, 800 m, 00/01/ 1959, Schmidt-Mumm in IAVH. Not included as types are: COLOMBIA: male, Guayabetal in UPI; female Sierra de Macarena, 00/01/ 1951, Richter in ICNO; Río Guayapas, 00/01/1951, Richter in ICNO; COLOMBIA: female, El Centro in AMNH. Etymology. Named after my only granddaughter, Daisy; I hope that in later life she will be fired with enthusiasm for these beautiful and intriguing creatures. Distribution. In the central Magdalena Valley (between 3° and 7°N) at altitudes ranging from 240 to 800 m. Dated specimens are for January, April, May, August and September. The validity and status of specimens from the ‘Sierra de Macarena’, ‘Guayabetal’ and the ‘Río Guayapas’ in the Oriente is uncertain.

Abstract: This is the processed data from our manscript "Human and rat skeletal muscle single-nuclei multi-omic integrative analyses nominate causal cell types, regulatory elements, and SNPs for complex traits"

Abstract: Corruption is a phenomenon of humanity that directly threatens the proper conduct of professional activity. It is specific and persists throughout the world. It is currently virtually impossible to nominate a state that has not experienced this negative scourge of society.
Thus, we propose in this scientific approach the analysis of the phenomenon of corruption and the study of its place in the international community.

Abstract: Hycleus argentifer bytinskii (Kaszab, 1969) Distribution. Polytypic Saharo-Arabian species: the nominate subspecies is distributed in Western Sahara, from Morocco to Libya; the ssp. bytinskii is recorded from Israel and Saudi Arabia, and the ssp. pallidissimus (Kaszab, 1983) from Saudi Arabia. New records. Saudi Arabia: Shiara, i.1946, L. A. Tillin coll. 2 exx. (CB, BMNH). Madā’ in Şālih, iv.1946, D. W. Fitzgerald coll. 1 ex. (BMNH). Remarks. This species belongs to the group of H. octodecimmaculatus (see Pardo Alcaide 1962), characterized by a Mesoscutatus - type mesosternum and species with a number of antennomeres which varies from 9 to 11.

Abstract: Neohirasea hujiayaoi shengtangshanensis subsp. nov. (Figs. 46–49, 84–85) Types. Holotype: ♂, 900–1200m, Shengtangshan, Jinxiu, Guangxi, China, 20–21.VII.2014, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES); Paratypes: 7♂, 7♀ (including 2 immatures), 900–1200m, Shengtangshan, Jinxiu, Guangxi, China, 20– 21.VII.2014, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES & SNUC). Diagnosis. Neohirasea hujiayaoi shengtangshanensis subsp. nov. [China (Guangxi)] is similar to the nominate N. h. hujiayaoi sp. nov. & subsp. nov. [China (Guangxi)], but can be separated by lacking posterior spine-like tubercle on mesopleurae and lacking spine-like mediolateral tubercle on metapleurae in both sexes. Description. Male (Figs. 46–47, 84). Medium-sized. Generally similar to the nominate race but slightly smaller. General colouration of body and legs brown to dark brown. Head as in the nominate race. Antennae as in the nominate race. Thorax as in the nominate race. Pronotum as long as head, with indistinctly incurved anterior margin, paired anterior spines weakly developed, apices curved forwards. Mesonotum with smaller granules than nominate race; median medial and posterior medial spines weakly developed. Mesopleurae lacking spine near posterior area and lacking supra-coxal spine. Metapleurae lacking mediolateral spine and with weakly developed supra-coxal spine. Abdomen as in the nominate race. Anal segment with small emargination on posterior margin. Poculum with distinct elevation medially. Cerci and vomer as in the nominate race. Legs slender and long. Unarmed. All femora shorter than corresponding tibiae. Female (Figs. 48–49, 85). Generally similar to the nominate race, but comparatively smaller. Head as in the nominate race. Oval, indistinctly constricted after compound eyes. Antennae as in the nominate race. Thorax as in the nominate race. Pronotum with a pair of weakly developed spine-like tubercles on anterior margin. Mesonotum longer than combined length of pronotum, metanotum and median segment. Mesopleurae less granulated than nominate race, lacking spine-like tubercle near posterior area. Metapleurae less granulated than nominate race, lacking spine-like tubercle mediolaterally and with a short spine-like supra-coxal tubercle. Abdomen as in the nominate race. Subgenital plate with pointed apex, reaching posterior margin of anal segment. Legs as in the nominate race. Slender and long. Unarmed. Anterodorsal and posterodorsal carinae of mesofemora and metafemora indistinctly waved. Measurements in Table 6. Distribution. China (Guangxi). Notes. The measurements of female are only given to adults. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Shengtangshan (Jinxiu, Guangxi, China). Neohirasea nanlingensis sp. nov. (Figs. 50–52, 66, 86–94, 276–277) Types. Holotype: ♂, Ruyuan, Guangdong, China, 15.VIII.2012, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES); Paratypes: 2♂, 2♀ & 34 eggs (naturally laid by paratypes ♀), Ruyuan, Guangdong, China, 15.VIII.2012, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES). Diagnosis. Neohirasea nanlingensis sp. nov. [China (Guangdong)] is closely related to N. guangdongensis Chen & He, 2008 [China (Guangdong)], but can be separated by lacking subapical spines on anteroventral and posteroventral carinae of mesofemora and metafemora in both sexes, broad anal abdominal segment in male and lacking spine-like mediolateral spine on mesonotum and lacking mediolateral spines on metapleurae in female. Description. Male (Figs. 50–51, 66, 86–88, 93). Medium-sized. General colouration of body and legs brown. Body slender and slim. Head: Lacking granulation. Oval, indistinctly constricted after compound eyes, as long as pronotum. Vertex flat. Compound eyes rounded and small. Posterior margin of occiput with six indistinct small swellings. Median and lateral longitudinal furrows indistinct. Genae with a dark brown postocular band. Antennae filiform, sparsely covered with short bristles, surpassing apices of protarsi; scapus flattened basally, longer than pedicellus; third segment as long as combined length of scapus and pedicellus. Thorax: Slender. Pronotum rectangular, longer than wide, as long as head; anterior margin weakly incurved, nearly truncate, with a pair of small and short spines, posterior margin rounded; transverse and longitudinal sulci crossing near center, with two to three small granules along each side of longitudinal sulcus. Mesonotum gently expanded posteriorly, median longitudinal carina indistinct, with small pits and a few small granules marginally; with paired medial spines anteriorly, medially and posteriorly. Metanotum trapezoidal, gently narrowing posteriorly, with a pair of medial spines on posterior margin. Mesopleurae with a few small granules and a minute supra-coxal spine. Metapleurae with a few granules and a short supra-coxal spine. Mesosternum and metasternum lacking granulation. Abdomen: Slender, rough, lacking granulation. Median segment trapezoidal, gently expanded posteriorly. Second to sixth tergites roughly equal in length. Seventh tergum as long as eighth tergum. Seventh to ninth tergites with median and lateral longitudinal carinae. Eighth tergum gently expanded posteriorly. Ninth tergum shorter than eighth tergum. Anal segment distinctly broader than long, almost as long as ninth tergum, posteriorly constricted in second half, with a small notch on posterior margin. Poculum cup-shaped, elevated medially, posterior margin rounded, reaching middle area of anal segment. Cerci flattened, apices rounded and not surpassing end of anal segment. Legs: Slender and long, sparsely covered with short bristles, unarmed. All femora thicker and shorter than corresponding tibiae. Profemora incurved basally, longer than mesonotum. Vomer: Apical part asymmetrical, hook-like, tapering apically, apex blunt, gently curved and pointing left side in anteroventral view. Female (Figs. 52, 89–92, 94). Similar to male, but body distinctly larger and more robust. General colouration of body dark brown. Legs yellowish brown with blackish markings. Head: Oval, longer than wide, indistinctly constricted behind compound eyes. Vertex flat. Posterior margin of occiput with six small swellings. Compound eyes oval and small. Genae with a few small granules. Antennae filiform, surpassing apices of protarsi, sparsely covered with short bristles; scapus flattened and constricted basally, as long as third segment; pedicellus shorter than scapus. Thorax: Wrinkled. Pronotum rectangular, longer than wide, slightly shorter than head, sparsely covered with a few small granules; anterior margin weakly incurved, posterior margin rounded; transverse and longitudinal sulci crossing at center of segment. Mesonotum three times length of pronotum, moderately expanded posteriorly, median longitudinal carina indistinct; with a small bi-tuberculate hump medially and paired spine-like tubercles anteriorly and posteriorly. Metanotum trapezoidal, gently constricted posteriorly, with paired spine-like tubercles on posterior margin. Mesopleurae with a few small granules. Metapleurae with a few small granules and a short spine-like supra-coxal tubercle. Mesosternum and metasternum inconspicuously covered with minute granules. Abdomen: Cylindrical, gently tapering posteriorly, sparsely covered with small granules. Median segment trapezoidal, expanded posteriorly, shorter than metanotum. Second to sixth tergites equal in length. Seventh to eighth tergites equal in length, longer than preceding tergites. Median segment to seventh tergites with a small tubercle posteromedially. Eighth and ninth tergites with a crest-like structure posteromedially. Seventh sternum with granule-like praeopercular organ on posterior area. Anal segment longer than ninth tergum, posterior margin truncate, posterolateral angles rounded. Subgenital plate scoop-shaped, median longitudinal carina distinct, apex pointed and reaching middle area of anal segment. Cerci short, flattened, apices rounded and not surpassing posterior margin of anal segment. Legs: Slender and long, sparsely covered with short bristles. Unarmed. All femora thicker than corresponding tibiae. Profemora incurved basally, as long as protibiae. Mesofemora roughly as long as mesotibiae. Metafemora shorter than metatibiae. Measurements in Table 7. Eggs (Figs. 276–277). Capsule dark brown, oval, wrinkled, posterior pole rounded. Micropylar plate rounded, with a short median longitudinal carina. Micropylar cup placed after middle point of micropylar plate. Median line short, about one-third of micropylar plate. Operculum dark brown, wrinkled, rounded, lacking capitulum, gently convex medially, marginally elevated. Measurements. Length 2.8 mm, width 2.0 mm, height 2.2 mm. Distribution. China (Guangdong). Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Nanling massif running through Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan in southern China. Neohirasea pengzhongi sp. nov. (Figs. 53–56, 67, 95–103) Types. Holotype: ♂, 1300–1400m, Dashahe, Daozhen, Guizhou, China, 7.VII.2015, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES); Paratype: 1♀ & 7 eggs (extracted from abdomen of paratype ♀), 1300–1400m, Dashahe, Daozhen, Guizhou, China, 7.VII.2015, George Ho Wai-Chun (HKES). Diagnosis. Neohirasea pengzhongi sp. nov. [China (Guizhou)] is the smallest Neohirasea species in China and can be separated from other known species by its small size, non-spinose thorax and waved anterodorsal and posterodorsal carinae of femora and tibiae in both sexes. N. pengzhongi sp. nov. is related to N. nana (Carl, 1913) [Vietnam], but can be separated by distinctly waved anterodorsal and posterodorsal carinae of femora in both sexes. Description. Male (Figs. 53–54, 67, 95–97, 102). Small size. Body slender and slim, distinctly smaller and more slender than female. General colouration of body and legs dark brown. Head: Lacking granulation. Oval, constricted behind compound eyes, as long as pronotum. Vertex flat. Posterior margin of occiput with six small swellings. Median longitudinal furrow distinc

Abstract: Additional file 4: Table S3. The list of differentially accessible regions in monocytes among RA, OA, and healthy donors.

Abstract: Additional file 3: Table S2. QC table for all analysed ATAC-seq samples.

Abstract: This is the processed data from our manscript "Human and rat skeletal muscle single-nuclei multi-omic integrative analyses nominate causal cell types, regulatory elements, and SNPs for complex traits"

Abstract: Phrynocaria perrotteti (Mulsant, 1850) (Figs. 5, 6) Coelophora perrotteti Mulsant, 1850: 409. Coelophora perrotteti: Crotch 1874: 54.— Korschefsky 1932: 296.— Gordon 1987: 19. Anegleis (Pseudanegleis) perrotteti: Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 296. Phrynocaria perrotteti: Poorani 2002: 339. Diagnosis: The nominate form of Phrynocaria perrotteti (Figs. 5 a–c) is superficially strikingly similar (both as adults and larvae) to Anegleis cardoni (Weise) and both have surprisingly similar host affinities too and are frequently associated with whiteflies. Both species coexist in South India and the propensity for feeding on whitefly prey is much more pronounced in the case of P. perrotteti (Figs. 5j, k). Phrynocaria perrotetti is highly variable (Fig. 5 a–i) and can be identified only by a combination of the generic characters. Anegleis cardoni can be differentiated from the nominate form of P. perrotteti by the elytral pattern, widely separated and smaller eyes, much smaller scutellar shield, prothoracic hypomeron without foveae, and the male genitalia. Brief redescription: Length 4.00– 4.70 mm, width 3.60–4.20 mm. Form (Figs. 5 a–i) variable from round to slightly broadly oval, strongly convex. Nominate form (Figs. 5 a–c) pale creamy yellow to lemon yellow, with black markings on pronotum and elytra as follows: pronotum with a pair of triangular markings on posterior margin, a circular median spot and two smaller lateral spots; scutellar shield broadly triangular; elytra with three stripes, one along suture, two on each elytron–inner stripe short and straight, outer stripe longer, curved, posteriorly clubbed. Highly variable with the following common forms: completely black except anterior and lateral margins of pronotum narrowly pale yellow (Fig. 5i) / completely orange to yellowish brown (Figs. 5g, h) / orange yellow with four small black spots (Fig. 5f) / orange yellow with a large black patch occupying most of the discal area except proximal one-fourth (Figs. 5d, e). Head (Fig. 6a) with large, posteriorly divergent eyes, antenna (Fig. 6b) with terminal antennomere elongate oval. Prosternal carinae present (Fig. 6c), reaching a little beyond middle of prosternum, anterior margin of mesoventrite deeply emarginate. Abdominal postcoxal line incomplete (Fig. 6d). Male genitalia (Figs. 6 e–g) with penis guide of tegmen in ventral view elongate, lanceolate in outline, slightly longer than parameres; penis (Fig. 6g) as illustrated. Female genitalia with spermatheca (Figs. 6h, i) strongly curved, infundibulum present. Larva (Figs. 5j, k) black with white or yellow spots. Distribution: India: Delhi; Karnataka; Tamil Nadu; Pondicherry; Orissa; Punjab; West Bengal. Pakistan. Notes: Poorani (2002) transferred Anegleis (Pseudanegleis) perrotteti to Phrynocaria based on the large, posteriorly distinctly divergent eyes, absence of meso- and metatibial spurs, incomplete abdominal postcoxal lines and deep foveae on anterolateral corners of prothoracic hypomeron. Anegleis Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1982 is an Oriental genus of Coccinellini established with two anomalous subgenera, namely, Anegleis (Anegleis) and Anegleis (Pseudanegleis). The type species of these subgenera were Micraspis cardoni (Weise, 1892) and Coelophora perrotteti Mulsant, 1850, respectively. These two species are externally strikingly similar and mimic each other, but otherwise unrelated and both are distributed in the Indian Subcontinent with A. cardoni having a relatively wider geographic distribution in South Asia. The name Anegleis was first mentioned and included in Iablokoff-Khnzorian’s key to the Palaearctic genera of Coccinellini (Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1979) without a formal, detailed description and illustrations. Later, Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1982) in his conspectus on Palaearctic and Oriental Coccinellini established Anegleis as a new genus with these two subgenera. Iablokoff-Khnzorian (1984: 217) published an erratum and further list of amendments to his 1982 volume, in which he mentioned that Pseudanegleis was congeneric with Egleis adjuncta Mulsant, 1850 from South America and hence Pseudanegleis fell in synonymy with Egleis and Anegleis became its subgenus. Fürsch (1990) also included Egleis (Anegleis) Iablokoff-Khnzorian in his list of valid genera and subgenera of Coccinellidae. But the name Egleis (Anegleis) has not been used much after it was proposed though Anegleis has been widely used in most of the published literature. Anegleis (Pseudanegleis) should be removed from synonymy with Egleis and treated as synonymous with Phrynocaria following Poorani (2002).

Abstract: This is the processed data from our manscript "Human and rat skeletal muscle single-nuclei multi-omic integrative analyses nominate causal cell types, regulatory elements, and SNPs for complex traits"

Abstract: This is processed data from our manuscript "Human and rat skeletal muscle single-nuclei multi-omic integrative analyses nominate causal cell types, regulatory elements, and SNPs for complex traits"

Abstract: Subgenus Micronecta Kirkaldy, 1897 Micronecta Kirkaldy, 1897b: 260 (type species: Notonecta minutissima Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation). Diagnosis Males: palar claw relatively large and usually distally widened; prestrigilar flap on segment V with mesial corner pointed; strigil present; median lobe of sternite VII with three to six (usually four) long setae; free lobe of tergite VIII variable, usually sub-rectangular; shaft of left paramere usually plate-like, with subparallel margins; right paramere: shaft distally curved or bent (adapted from Chen et al. 2015). Remarks The nominate subgenus contains the majority of species of Micronecta, most of them only share the distally widened palar claw of the male, and the plate-like shaft of the left paramere. Several taxonomic studies on Micronecta, if applying subgeneric classification, tend to ‘dump’ new species into the nominate subgenus, if they do not fit other subgenera. However, if a subgeneric classification is suitable, the definition of the nominate subgenus needs to be revised (Tinerella 2008, 2013), as do the definitions of the other subgenera.

Abstract: This is the processed data from our manscript "Human and rat skeletal muscle single-nuclei multi-omic integrative analyses nominate causal cell types, regulatory elements, and SNPs for complex traits"

Abstract: Additional file 6: Table S5. The list of significantly changed chromatin accessible regions and peak related genes in OA-patient-derived monocytes after CRP stimulation.

Abstract: Pinarolestes megarhynchus goodsoni Hartert Pinarolestes megarhynchus goodsoni Hartert, 1930b: 59 (Merauke, in south New Guinea). Now Colluricincla megarhyncha goodsoni (Hartert, 1930). See Mees, 1982: 141–143, Dickinson, 2003: 489, and Boles, 2007: 431. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 657072, adult male, collected at Merauke, 08.28S, 140.20E (USBGN, 1982), Papua Province, Indonesia, on 4 June 1910, by collectors for Albert S. Meek. From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Hartert had a single specimen when he described goodsoni. Mees (1982: 141–143) synonymized goodsoni, wuroi, and palmeri with nominate megarhyncha and reviewed previous treatments. Dickinson (2003: 489) and Boles (2007: 431) recognized goodsoni.

Abstract: Theoretical and empirical models of congressional voting assume that legislators vote with the sole purpose to move policy closer to their ideologically ideal point. While NOMINATE correctly classi...