Topic
Neural engineering
About: Neural engineering is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 425 publications have been published within this topic receiving 12514 citations. The topic is also known as: neuroengineering.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: Practical suggestions on the selection of many hyperparameters are provided in the hope that they will promote or guide the deployment of deep learning to EEG datasets in future research.
Abstract: Objective Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis has been an important tool in neuroscience with applications in neuroscience, neural engineering (e.g. Brain-computer interfaces, BCI's), and even commercial applications. Many of the analytical tools used in EEG studies have used machine learning to uncover relevant information for neural classification and neuroimaging. Recently, the availability of large EEG data sets and advances in machine learning have both led to the deployment of deep learning architectures, especially in the analysis of EEG signals and in understanding the information it may contain for brain functionality. The robust automatic classification of these signals is an important step towards making the use of EEG more practical in many applications and less reliant on trained professionals. Towards this goal, a systematic review of the literature on deep learning applications to EEG classification was performed to address the following critical questions: (1) Which EEG classification tasks have been explored with deep learning? (2) What input formulations have been used for training the deep networks? (3) Are there specific deep learning network structures suitable for specific types of tasks? Approach A systematic literature review of EEG classification using deep learning was performed on Web of Science and PubMed databases, resulting in 90 identified studies. Those studies were analyzed based on type of task, EEG preprocessing methods, input type, and deep learning architecture. Main results For EEG classification tasks, convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, deep belief networks outperform stacked auto-encoders and multi-layer perceptron neural networks in classification accuracy. The tasks that used deep learning fell into five general groups: emotion recognition, motor imagery, mental workload, seizure detection, event related potential detection, and sleep scoring. For each type of task, we describe the specific input formulation, major characteristics, and end classifier recommendations found through this review. Significance This review summarizes the current practices and performance outcomes in the use of deep learning for EEG classification. Practical suggestions on the selection of many hyperparameters are provided in the hope that they will promote or guide the deployment of deep learning to EEG datasets in future research.
1,338 citations
Book•
1 Jan 1989
TL;DR: Advanced Methods in Neural Computing meets the reference needs of electronics engineers, control systems engineers, programmers, and others in scientific disciplines by explaining diverse high-performance paradigms for artificial neural networks that function effectively in real-world situations.
Abstract: From the Publisher:
Following up where Neural Computing: Theory and Practice left off, this guide explains diverse high-performance paradigms for artificial neural networks (ANNs) that function effectively in real-world situations. The tutorial approach, use of standardized notation, undergraduate-level mathematics, and extensive examples explain methods for solving practical neural network engineering problems in a clear and comprehensible manner. Emphasis is given to paradigms that perform well rather than those of academic interest. Explanations of the paradigms are program-oriented and are written in algorithmic form. Self-contained chapters cover field theory methods, including Nestor's restricted coulomb energy system; probabilistic neural networks, which can increase training speed by orders of magnitude; genetic algorithms that mimic biological evolution; sparse distributed memory, a powerful associative memory paradigm, which is compatible with VLSI implementation; fuzzy logic methods that are finding widespread application in control systems; neural engineering, including a set of techniques for designing, training, and applying artificial neural systems to real-world problems; and additional chapters cover basis function methods, chaos, and automatic control. Most of the paradigms presented have been used by the author in actual applications. Paradigms that are still in the research stage, but offer great potential, are also discussed. Advanced Methods in Neural Computing meets the reference needs of electronics engineers, control systems engineers, programmers, and others in scientific disciplines.
1,246 citations
TL;DR: The first in vivo behavioral demonstration of a functional optical neural interface (ONI) in intact animals is reported, involving integrated fiberoptic and optogenetic technology and may find application across a broad range of neuroscience, neuroengineering and clinical questions.
Abstract: Neural interface technology has made enormous strides in recent years but stimulating electrodes remain incapable of reliably targeting specific cell types (e.g. excitatory or inhibitory neurons) within neural tissue. This obstacle has major scientific and clinical implications. For example, there is intense debate among physicians, neuroengineers and neuroscientists regarding the relevant cell types recruited during deep brain stimulation (DBS); moreover, many debilitating side effects of DBS likely result from lack of cell-type specificity. We describe here a novel optical neural interface technology that will allow neuroengineers to optically address specific cell types in vivo with millisecond temporal precision. Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), an algal light-activated ion channel we developed for use in mammals, can give rise to safe, light-driven stimulation of CNS neurons on a timescale of milliseconds. Because ChR2 is genetically targetable, specific populations of neurons even sparsely embedded within intact circuitry can be stimulated with high temporal precision. Here we report the first in vivo behavioral demonstration of a functional optical neural interface (ONI) in intact animals, involving integrated fiberoptic and optogenetic technology. We developed a solid-state laser diode system that can be pulsed with millisecond precision, outputs 20 mW of power at 473 nm, and is coupled to a lightweight, flexible multimode optical fiber, ∼200 µm in diameter. To capitalize on the unique advantages of this system, we specifically targeted ChR2 to excitatory cells in vivo with the CaMKIIα promoter. Under these conditions, the intensity of light exiting the fiber (∼380 mW mm −2 ) was sufficient to drive excitatory neurons in vivo and control motor cortex function with behavioral output in intact rodents. No exogenous chemical cofactor was needed at any point, a crucial finding for in vivo work in large mammals. Achieving modulation of behavior with optical control of neuronal subtypes may give rise to fundamental network-level insights complementary to what electrode methodologies have taught us, and the emerging optogenetic toolkit may find application across a broad range of neuroscience, neuroengineering and clinical questions.
1,087 citations
Book•
1 Jan 2003
TL;DR: The authors present three principles of neural engineering based on the representation of signals by neural ensembles, transformations of these representations through neuronal coupling weights, and the integration of control theory and neural dynamics, and argue that these guiding principles constitute a useful theory for generating large-scale models of neurobiological function.
Abstract: For years, researchers have used the theoretical tools of engineering to understand neural systems, but much of this work has been conducted in relative isolation. In Neural Engineering, Chris Eliasmith and Charles Anderson provide a synthesis of the disparate approaches current in computational neuroscience, incorporating ideas from neural coding, neural computation, physiology, communications theory, control theory, dynamics, and probability theory. This synthesis, they argue, enables novel theoretical and practical insights into the functioning of neural systems. Such insights are pertinent to experimental and computational neuroscientists and to engineers, physicists, and computer scientists interested in how their quantitative tools relate to the brain. The authors present three principles of neural engineering based on the representation of signals by neural ensembles, transformations of these representations through neuronal coupling weights, and the integration of control theory and neural dynamics. Through detailed examples and in-depth discussion, they make the case that these guiding principles constitute a useful theory for generating large-scale models of neurobiological function. A software package written in MatLab for use with their methodology, as well as examples, course notes, exercises, documentation, and other material, are available on the Web.
834 citations
Book•
1 Jan 2007TL;DR: Neuropsychiatric disorders, which arise from a combination of genetic, epigenetic and environmental influences, epitomize the challenges faced in understanding the mammalian brain and could lead to the development of precise neuromodulation technologies for animal models of disease and clinical neuropsychiatry.
Abstract: Neuropsychiatric disorders, which arise from a combination of genetic, epigenetic and environmental influences, epitomize the challenges faced in understanding the mammalian brain. Elucidation and treatment of these diseases will benefit from understanding how specific brain cell types are interconnected and signal in neural circuits. Newly developed neuroengineering tools based on two microbial opsins, channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) and halorhodopsin (NpHR), enable the investigation of neural circuit function with cell-type-specific, temporally accurate and reversible neuromodulation. These tools could lead to the development of precise neuromodulation technologies for animal models of disease and clinical neuropsychiatry.
670 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 8 |
| 2024 | 14 |
| 2023 | 16 |
| 2022 | 31 |
| 2021 | 43 |
| 2020 | 20 |