Network media

Abstract: Introduction Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbo, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen PART I: THEORIES OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND POLITICS * Politics in the Age of Hybrid Media: Power, Systems, and Media Logics Andrew Chadwick, James Dennis, and Amy P. Smith * Network Media Logic: Some Conceptual Considerations Ulrike Klinger and Jakob Svensson * Where There Is Social Media There Is Politics Karine Nahon * Is Habermas on Twitter? Social Media and the Public Sphere Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield * Third Space, Social Media and Everyday Political Talk Todd Graham, Scott Wright, and Dan Jackson * Tipping the Balance of Power: Social Media and the Transformation of Political Journalism Marcel Broersma and Todd Graham * Agenda-Setting Revisited: Social Media in Mainstream Journalism Eli Skogerbo, Axel Bruns, Andrew Quodling, and Thomas Ingebretsen *"Trust Me, I Am Authentic!": Authenticity Illusions in Social Media Politics Gunn Enli * How to Speak the Truth on Social Media: An Inquiry into Post-Dialectical Information Environments Mercedes Bunz PART II: POLITICAL MOVEMENTS * All Politics Is Local: Anonymous and the Steubenville/Maryville Rape Cases Christian Christensen * Social Media Accounts of the Spanish Indignados Camilo Cristancho and Eva Anduiza * Every Crisis Is a Digital Opportunity: The Aganaktismenoi Movement's Use of Social Media and the Emergence of Networked Solidarity in Greece Yannis Theocharis * Social Media Use during Political Crises: The Case of the Gezi Protests in Turkey Lemi Baruh and Hayley Watson * Structures of Feeling, Storytelling, and Social Media: The Case of #Egypt Zizi Papacharissi and Stacy Blasiola * The Importance of 'Social' in Social Media: The Lessons from Iran Gholam Khiabany * Digital Knives Are Still Knives: The Affordances of Social Media for a Repressed Opposition against an Entrenched Authoritarian Regime in Azerbaijan Katy E. Pearce and Farid Guliyev * Social Media and Social Movements: Weak Publics, the Online Space, Spatial Relations and Collective Action in Singapore Natalie Pang and Debbie Goh * Social Media and Civil Society Actions in India Rajesh Kumar * Cyberactivism in China: Empowerment, Control, and Beyond Rongbin Han * Voicing Discontent in South Korea: Origins and Channels of Online Civic Movements Maurice Vergeer and Se Jung Park * Nationalist and Anti-Fascist Movements in Social Media Christina Neumayer PART III: POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS * From Emerging to Established? A Comparison of Twitter Use during Swedish Election Campaigns in 2010 and 2014 Anders Olof Larsson and Hallvard Moe * Social Media in the UK Election Campaigns 2008-14: Experimentation, Innovation and Convergence Darren G. Lilleker, Nigel Jackson, and Karolina Koc-Michalska * Compulsory Voting, Encouraged Tweeting? Australian Elections and Social Media Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns * Not Just a Face(book) in the Crowd: Candidates' Use of Facebook during the Danish 2011 Parliamentary Election Campaign Morten Skovsgaard and Arjen Van Dalen * Social Media Incumbent Advantage: Barack Obama's and Mitt Romney's Tweets in the 2012 US Presidential Election Campaign Gunn Enli and Anya Naper * The 2012 French Presidential Campaign: First Steps into the Political Twittersphere Francoise Papa and Jean-Marc Francony * The Emergence of Social Media Politics in South Korea: The Case of the 2012 Presidential Election Lars Willnat and Young Min * Interactions between Different Language Communities on Twitter during the 2012 Presidential Election in Taiwan Yu-Chung Cheng and Pai-lin Chen * Social Media Use in the German Election Campaign 2013 Christian Nuernbergk, Jennifer Wladarsch, Julia Neubarth, and Christoph Neuberger * Comparing Facebook and Twitter during the 2013 General Election in Italy Luca Rossi and Mario Orefice * Social Media and Election Campaigns in Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Cameroon Teke Ngomba * Social Media and Elections in Kenya Martin Nkosi Ndlela * Electoral Politics on Social Media: The Israeli Case Sharon Haleva-Amir and Karine Nahon * Social Media and the Scottish Independence Referendum 2014: Events and the Generation of Enthusiasm for Yes Mark Shephard and Stephen Quinlan * The Use of Twitter in the Danish EP Elections 2014 Jakob Linaa Jensen, Jacob Ormen, and Stine Lomborg * Twitter in Political Campaigns: The Brazilian 2014 Presidential Election Raquel Recuero, Gabriela Zago, and Marco T. Bastos

Abstract: The reliability of a distributed processing system is enhanced through the use of a highly reliable data communication system. Each node of such a system is connected to the other nodes by a local data network, including duplicated data network media, such as coaxial cables. Each node includes a maintenance processor for controlling which of the duplicate network media is active and which is standby. Regular inter-node data packets are transmitted over the active network medium. Control data packets to the maintenance processor are sent from a control node over the standby network medium. The maintenance processor can also totally stop transmission of data from the associated node to both data network media.

Abstract: A network media delivery system includes client devices and a host device. Each client device has a network interface, an engine for processing media data, and a media interface. The host device, which can be a computer, establishes network communication links with the client devices, which can be networked media stations, and sends media data to the client devices. The media data can be sent wirelessly as packets of media data transmitted at intervals to each client device. In one embodiment, the host device controls processing of media data such that processed media is delivered in a synchronized manner at each of the client devices. In another embodiment, the host device controls processing of media data such that processed media is delivered in a synchronized manner at the host device and at least one client device.

Abstract: With the migration from traditional news media to social media, understanding how citizens learn about politics and current affairs from these sources has become increasingly important. Based on the concept of network media logic, distinct from traditional mass media logic, this study investigates whether using social media as a source of political news compensates for not using traditional news media in terms of political and current affairs learning. Using two panel studies conducted in two different political contexts—an election setting and a nonelection setting—the results show positive learning effects from using traditional news media and online news websites, but not from using social media. Taken together, the findings suggest that using social media to follow news about politics and current affairs does not compensate for not using traditional news media in terms of learning a diverse and broad set of general political news.