TL;DR: A functioning nanomachine in the form of a supramolecular nanovalve that opens and closes the orifices to molecular-sized pores and releases a small number of molecules on demand is reported.
Abstract: A functioning nanomachine in the form of a supramolecular nanovalve that opens and closes the orifices to molecular-sized pores and releases a small number of molecules on demand is reported. The nanovalve, which is used to open and close the nanocontainer, is a pseudorotaxane composed of two componentsa long thread containing a 1,5-dioxnaphthalene donor unit, which is attached to the solid support, and the moving part, the tetracationic cyclophane acceptor/receptor, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), which controls access to the interior of the nanopore. The nanocontainer is made out of mesoporous silica by using a dip-coating method. Operating the nanovalve involves three steps: (i) filling the container, (ii) closing the valve, and (iii) opening the valve to release the contents of the container on demand. The tubular pores, which are approximately 2 nm wide, are filled with stable luminescent Ir(ppy)3 molecules by allowing them to diffuse into the open pores. The orifices are then closed by pseudorotaxa...
TL;DR: To develop an intelligent sensor-effector functionality on the nanoscale, a pH-switchable, controlled nanoreactor based on amphiphilic copolymer membranes was built, used for self-regulating targeted diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine.
Abstract: To develop an intelligent sensor-effector functionality on the nanoscale, a pH-switchable, controlled nanoreactor based on amphiphilic copolymer membranes was built. The nanovesicles were equipped with bacterial transmembrane ompF pore proteins and the pH-sensitive enzyme acid phosphatase, resulting in a switchable substrate processing at pH 4-6.5. Ideal pH and substrate concentrations for the reaction were determined experimentally. In future, the reactor might be used for self-regulating targeted diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine.
TL;DR: It is implied that cell and lipid membranes can integrate any kind of hydrophobic nanoparticle whose size matches the membrane thickness, opening novel possibilities to manipulate them as individuals or in ensemble with wide-ranging applications for nanobiotechnology.
Abstract: In this communication, we report on an interesting observation of wide-ranging potential for cellular imaging and manipulation: Hydrophobic QDs can be easily incorporated into the bilayer membrane of lipid vesicles. Such lipid/QD nanocontainer hybrid vesicles are capable either to fuse with live cells, thereby stain the cell’s plasma membrane selectively with fluorescent QDs and transfer the vesicle’s cargo into the cell or to transfer into the cytoplasm of live cells. Our results imply that cell and lipid membranes can integrate any kind of hydrophobic nanoparticle whose size matches the membrane thickness, opening novel possibilities to manipulate them as individuals or in ensemble with wide-ranging applications for nanobiotechnology.
TL;DR: Herein a photon-manipulated mesoporous release system was constructed based on azobenzene-modified nucleic acids that is light-wavelength-sensitive and could find potential applications in cancer therapy.
Abstract: Herein a photon-manipulated mesoporous release system was constructed based on azobenzene-modified nucleic acids. In this system, the azobenzene-incorporated DNA double strands were immobilized at the pore mouth of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The photoisomerization of azobenzene induced dehybridization/hybridization switch of complementary DNA, causing uncapping/capping of pore gates of mesoporous silica. This nanoplatform permits holding of guest molecules within the nanopores under visible light but releases them when light wavelength turns to the UV range. These DNA/mesoporous silica hybrid nanostructures were exploited as carriers for the cancer cell chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) due to its stimuli-responsive property as well as good biocompatibility via MTT assay. It is found that the drug release behavior is light-wavelength-sensitive. Switching of the light from visible to the UV range uncapped the pores, causing the release of DOX from the mesoporous silica nanospheres and an obvious cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. We envision that this photocontrolled drug release system could find potential applications in cancer therapy.
TL;DR: Halloysite nanotubes have many advantages and are successfully identified/reported as a leading nanocontainer for smart coating applications as mentioned in this paper. But the coating efficiency is generally not sufficient for applications in aggressive and extreme environments.