Topic
Myenteric plexus
About: Myenteric plexus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3148 publications have been published within this topic receiving 123373 citations. The topic is also known as: Auerbach's plexus & '''Auerbach's plexus'''.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NO synthase in the brain to be exclusively associated with discrete neuronal populations, and prominent neural localizations provided the first conclusive evidence for a strong association of NO with neurons.
Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO), apparently identical to endothelium-derived relaxing factor in blood vessels, is also formed by cytotoxic macrophages, in adrenal gland and in brain tissue, where it mediates the stimulation by glutamate of cyclic GMP formation in the cerebellum Stimulation of intestinal or anococcygeal nerves liberates NO, and the resultant muscle relaxation is blocked by arginine derivatives that inhibit NO synthesis It is, however, unclear whether in brain or intestine, NO released following nerve stimulation is formed in neurons, glia, fibroblasts, muscle or blood cells, all of which occur in proximity to neurons and so could account for effects of nerve stimulation on cGMP and muscle tone We have now localized NO synthase protein immunohistochemically in the rat using antisera to the purified enzyme We demonstrate NO synthase in the brain to be exclusively associated with discrete neuronal populations NO synthase is also concentrated in the neural innervation of the posterior pituitary, in autonomic nerve fibres in the retina, in cell bodies and nerve fibres in the myenteric plexus of the intestine, in adrenal medulla, and in vascular endothelial cells These prominent neural localizations provide the first conclusive evidence for a strong association of NO with neurons
3,136 citations
TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to briefly review the functional and neurochemical organization of the ENS and its involvement in neurologic disorders.
Abstract: The enteric nervous system (ENS) derives from the neural crest and consists of neurons distributed in two ganglionated plexuses, myenteric and submucosal, located within the walls of the gut. The ENS contains as many neurons as the spinal cord (approximately 80-100 million neurons) and controls intestinal motility and secretion largely independently of influences from the CNS.1–5 The ENS is affected by Lewy body pathology at early stages of PD,6,7 and by many genetic8,9 or immune9,10 neurologic disorders associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the functional and neurochemical organization of the ENS and its involvement in neurologic disorders. There are recent comprehensive reviews on these subjects.3,8,9,11,12
The control of motility and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract depends on both extrinsic parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation and intrinsic innervation, provided by the ENS. Extrinsic parasympathetic inputs originate in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, which controls primarily the motility of the esophagus and stomach, and the sacral parasympathetic nucleus, which contributes to control of motility of the distal colon and rectum. The prevertebral sympathetic ganglia mediate peripheral reflexes that inhibit motility of the gut. The intrinsic innervation of the gut consists of the ganglia of the ENS, which are grouped into two plexuses: the myenteric plexus (of Auerbach), located between the outer longitudinal and the inner circular muscle layers, and submucosal plexus (of Meissner), located between the circular muscle and the muscularis mucosae (figure).1–4 The ENS controls intestinal motility and secretion largely independently of extrinsic parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation, although these extrinsic influences have a modulatory role on ENS activity. Neurons of the myenteric plexus control the activity of the smooth muscle of the gut whereas those in the submucosal plexus also regulate mucosal secretion and blood flow. …
1,044 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the compound isolated in this investigation forms part of a central pain suppressive system and may also have a wider neurochemical role in the brain.
1,014 citations
TL;DR: The possible coexistence of two peptides in one neuron was studied and evidence was obtained for the occurrence of a somatostatin-like and a gastrin/ CCK-like peptide in the same neurons, which may indicate a common precursor for the two peptided in these particular neurons.
906 citations
TL;DR: Findings provide morphological support for the hypothesis that enkephalins are contained in nerve terminals close to opiate receptors as revealed by biochemical techniques.
784 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 17 |
| 2024 | 31 |
| 2023 | 65 |
| 2022 | 96 |
| 2021 | 52 |
| 2020 | 52 |