TL;DR: Urbanavichus et al. as mentioned in this paper reported on 659 epiphytic and epixylic species recorded from seven one-hectare plots established along an altitudinal gradient in a virgin forest of the Caucasus State Nature Biosphere Reserve.
Abstract: Urbanavichus, G, Vondrak, J, Urbanavichene, I, Palice, Z & Malicek, J 2020 Lichens and allied non-lichenized fungi of virgin forests in the Caucasus State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Western Caucasus, Russia) – Herzogia 33: 90 –138We report on 659 epiphytic and epixylic species recorded from seven one-hectare plots established along an altitudinal gradient in a virgin forest of the Caucasus State Nature Biosphere Reserve A total of 564 species are lichens, 61 are lichenicolous fungi and 34 are allied non- or facultatively lichenized fungi one hundred forty – nine species (116 lichens, 17 lichenicolous and 16 saprophytic fungi) are new to the Northern Caucasus, including 133 species (104 lichens, 15 lichenicolous and 14 saprophytic fungi) that are new to the Caucasus Mountains Fifty species are reported from Russia for the first time: 37 lichens (Andreiomyces obtusaticus, Bacidina mendax, Biatora aegrefaciens, B bacidioides, B chrysanthoides, Biatorella dryophila, Buellia iberica, Cliostomum haematommatis, Endohyalina ericina, Fellhanera christiansenii, Gyalidea minuta, Japewia aliphatica, Lecanora barkmaniana, L subravida, Lecidea strasseri, Leptogium hibernicum, Lithothelium hyalosporum, L phaeosporum, L septemseptatum, Loxospora cristinae, Melanelixia epilosa, Micarea nowakii, M perparvula, Opegrapha trochodes, Orcularia insperata, Parvoplaca servitiana, Phylloblastia inexpectata, Psoroglaena stigonemoides, Ptychographa xylographoides, Ramonia dictyospora, R luteola, Rinodina polysporoides, Thelopsis flaveola, Topelia jasonhurii, Verrucaria hegetschweileri, Wadeana minuta, Waynea giraltiae), nine lichenicolous fungi (Arthonia vorsoeensis, Didymocyrtis melanelixiae, Epigloea urosperma, Muellerella polyspora, Phacographa zwackhii, Pronectria pilosa, Rhymbocarpus pubescens, Taeniolella friesii, Unguiculariopsis acrocordiae) and four non-lichenized saprophytic fungi (Cyrtidula major, Karschia cezannei, Kirschsteiniothelia recessa, Pseudotryblidium neesii)The ratio of macrolichens ranges between 265 – 40 % and rises with elevation Lichens with a trentepohlioid photobiont are represented by 15 –51 species per plot and their species richness decreases with elevation The species richness of cyanolichens is substantial in all plots (15 –28 species) reflecting a negligible effect of acidification/air pollution Low species richness and low abundances of nitrophilous species indicate insignificant uptake of nitrogen emissions Beech and fir are the most preferred phorophytes, but the vast majority of lichen species have low substrate specificity Species richness per plots ranged between 236 and 379 The highest richness was found in a plot outside the Caucasian Reserve and we recommend its inclusion into the protected area
TL;DR: A list of lichens from Serbia is presented, comprising species not earlier known from Serbia and species that have been recorded once or a few times only, and also includes a few lichenicolous fungi.
Abstract: A list of lichens from Serbia is presented, comprising species not earlier known from Serbia and species that have been recorded once or a few times only. It also includes a few lichenicolous fungi. The list is based on investigations of material in the lichen collection of the Belgrade Natural History Museum, and material collected by the authors. In all 70 species of lichens and eight lichenicolous fungi are reported from Serbia for the first time. The lichen genera Brodoa, Cornicularia, Hypocenomyce, Lobothallia, Pycnora, Pyrenocollema, Rhizoplaca, Rinodinella, Schaereria, Solenopsora, and Trapelia, and the lichenicolous genera Abrothallus, Carbonea, Cercidospora, Lichenodiplis, Muellerella, Scutula, and Vouxiella are new to Serbia. For 17 lichen species (previously recorded without any locality indication), first localities from Serbia are given. Additional localities are given for 77 species, for which only a few localities have been published.
TL;DR: Using field emission scanning electron microscopy, hyphal surfaces were examined in six lichens, Lasallia papulosa (Ach.) Llano, Xanthoria elegans (Link.) Th. Fr., Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd, Stereocaulon depressum (Frey) M. Sant, and a Penicillium-like fungus, some hyphae were found that differed from those of the lichen mycobiont in size, septation, surface texture, or inclination to collapse as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Using field emission scanning electronmicroscopy, hyphal surfaces were examined in six lichens, Lasallia papulosa (Ach.) Llano, Xanthoria elegans (Link.) Th. Fr., Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd., Stereocaulon depressum (Frey) M. Lamb, Umbilicaria mammulata (Ach.) Tuck, and U. cylindrica (L.) Duby and in material of the same species associated with pathogenic or saprobic fungi. In samples infected by each of Muellerella pygmaea (Korber) D. Hawks., Marchandiomyces corallinus (Roberge) Diederich & D. Hawks., Lasiospheriopsis stereocaulicola (Lindsay) O. Eriksson & R. Sant, and a Penicillium-like fungus, some hyphae were found that differed from those of the lichen mycobiont in size, septation, surface texture, or inclination to collapse. Anomalous hyphae were uncommon in some diseased lichens, in fact no candidate pathogens were detected in S. depressum infected with Arthonia stereocaulina (Ohlert) R. Sant., although extensive mycelia of L. stereocaulicola were evident in the same lichen. The extent of visible colonization by extraneous fungi was greatest in recently killed U. mammulata.
TL;DR: Of the seven interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi reported, Rhizocarpon cinereovirens (Mull. Arg.) Vain.
Abstract: Of the seven interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi reported, Rhizocarpon cinereovirens (Mull. Arg.) Vain., Rinodina calcarea (Arnold) Arnold and Muellerella ventosicola (Mudd) D. Hawksw. are new to the whole Tatra range, and Catillaria contristans (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina laevigata, Endococcus propinquus (Korb.) D. Hawksw and E. rugulosus Nyl. are new to the Polish Tatras. Brief taxonomic, distributional and ecological notes are provided for each of the taxa.
TL;DR: The genera Acrocordia, Bispora, Canomaculina, Catillaria, Cladina, Leproloma, Lichinella, Megaspora, Muellerella, Placynthiella, Polysporina, Pseudevernia, Stigmidium, Strigula, and Vulpicida represent first re ports for the state.
Abstract: Recent field work and literature records have documented 99 species of lichens and three lichenicolous fungi new to Nebraska. The genera Acrocordia, Bispora, Canomaculina, Catillaria, Cladina, Leproloma, Lichinella, Megaspora, Muellerella, Placynthiella, Polysporina, Pseudevernia, Stigmidium, Strigula, and Vulpicida also represent first re ports for the state. These records are summarized here along with information about their distribution within the state, substrate affinities, and relevant data regarding taxonomy and chemical composition of selected species. New species records for Nebraska lichens and lichenicolous fungi since the 1995 Nebraska lichen catalog by Egan et al. are also included. Keys are provided for the Nebraska species of the lichen genera Candelariella, Physconia, Punctelia, and Xanthoria. t t t