Morphometrics

Abstract: Theory and Methods: An Idiosyncratic History of Early Morphometrics R.A. Reyment. Multivariate Allometry C.P. Klingenberg. Data Acquisition: Introduction to Data Acquisition L.F. Marcus. Three-dimensional Data Capture and Acquisition D. Dean. Two-dimensional Imaging: An Update A. GarciaValdecasas. Imagina: A Direct Tool for Image Analysis in Systematics J.M. Becerra. Landmark Methods: Introduction to Landmark Methods D. Slice. Morphometric Spaces, Shape Components and the Effects of Linear Transformations F.J. Rohlf. Combining the Tools of Geometric Morphometrics F.L. Bookstein. Standard Formula for the Uniform Shape Component in Landmark Data F.L. Bookstein. Affine Transformations as a Modelof Virtual Form Change for Generating Morphospaces D. Russkin-Gutman, A.D. Buscalioni. Outlines: With and without Landmarks: Introduction to Outlines F.J. Rohlf. Eigenshape Analysis of Left Ventricular Outlines from Contrast Ventriculograms P.D. Sampson, et al. Chisquare Test of Biological Space Curve Affinities D. Dean, et al. Comparing Shapes of Organisms: Geographic Comparisons: Introduction to Geometric Morphometrics and Intraspecific Variation: A Fascinating Adventure A. Loy. Fluctuating Asymmetry in Mus musculus Subspecific Hybridization: Traditional and Procrustes Comparative Approach J.C. Auffray, et al. Wing Venation Variability in Monarthropalpus buxi (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) and the Quaternary Coevolution of Box (Buxus sempervirens L.) and Its Midge: A Geometrical Morphometric Analysis M. Baylac, T. Daufresne. Size and Shape Variation in the Mandible of the Fossorial Rodent Spalax ehrenbergi: A Procrustes Analysis of Three Dimensions M. Corti, et al. Principal Components of Body Shape Variation within an Endemic Radiation of Threespine Stickleback J. Walker. Low Taxonomic Level and Intraspecific Comparisons: Introduction to Comparison of Similar Objects Whose Group Identity Is Known M. Corti. Identification of House Mice Musmusculus, and Mound Building Mice, M. spicilegus, Based on Distance and Landmark Data A. Demeter et al. Correspondence between Interlandmark Distances and Caliper Measurements S. Reig. Some Applications of Geometric Morphometrics to Ostracoda R.A. Reyment. Shape Changes during the Growth of the Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostea: Perciformes), in Relation to Different Rearing Conditions: An Application of Thinplate Spline Regression Analysis A. Loy, et al. Higher Taxonomic Level Comparisons: Introduction to Comparisons amongTaxa at the Level of Species, Genus and Family G. Naylor. The Evolution and Growth of the Hominid Pelvis: A Preliminary Thinplate Spline Study of Ilium Shape C. Berge. Stephanodonty in Fossil Murids: A Landmark based Morphometric Approach J. van Dam. 16 additional articles. Appendixes. Index.

Abstract: Twenty years ago, Rohlf and Marcus proclaimed that a “revolution in morphometrics” was underway, where classic analyses based on sets of linear distances were being supplanted by geometric approaches making use of the coordinates of anatomical landmarks. Since that time the field of geometric morphometrics has matured into a rich and cohesive discipline for the study of shape variation and covariation. The development of the field is identified with the Procrustes paradigm, a methodological approach to shape analysis arising from the intersection of the statistical shape theory and analytical procedures for obtaining shape variables from landmark data. In this review we describe the Procrustes paradigm and the current methodological toolkit of geometric morphometrics. We highlight some of the theoretical advances that have occurred over the past ten years since our prior review (Adams et al., 2004), what types of anatomical structures are amenable to these approaches, and how they extend the reach of geometric morphometrics to more specialized applications for addressing particular biological hypotheses. We end with a discussion of some possible areas that are fertile ground for future development in the field.

Abstract: A glossary for morphometrics.- Modern Morphometrics.- Theory and Methods.- After Landmarks.- Semilandmarks in Three Dimensions.- An Alternative Approach to Space Curve Analysis Using the Example of the Neanderthal Occipital Bun.- Correcting for the Effect of Orientation in Geometric Morphometric Studies of Side-View Images of Human Heads.- Fourier Descriptors, Procrustes Superimposition, and Data Dimensionality: An Example of Cranial Shape Analysis in Modern Human Populations.- Problems with Landmark-Based Morphometrics for Fractal Outlines: The Case of Frontal Sinus Ontogeny.- An Invariant Approach to the Study of Fluctuating Asymmetry: Developmental Instability in a Mouse Model for Down Syndrome.- Applications.- Comparison of Coordinate and Craniometric Data for Biological Distance Studies.- Assessing Craniofacial Secular Change in American Blacks and Whites Using Geometric Morphometry.- Secular Trends in Craniofacial Asymmetry Studied by Geometric Morphometry and Generalized Procrustes Methods.- The Morphological Integration of the Hominoid Skull: A Partial Least Squares and PC Analysis with Implications for European Middle Pleistocene Mandibular Variation.- A Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Late Pleistocene Human Metacarpal 1 Base Shape.- A Geometric Morphometric Assessment of the Relationship between Scapular Variation and Locomotion in African Apes.- Functional Shape Variation in the Cercopithecine Masticatory Complex.- A Geometric Morphometric Assessment of the Hominoid Supraorbital Region: Affinities of the Eurasian Miocene Hominoids Dryopithecus, Graecopithecus, and Sivapithecus.