TL;DR: In this article, the derivational and inflectional morphology of transitive verbal roots in the Agar dialect of Dinka is analyzed as configurations of morphological layers at which values of the phonological parameters are specified, such configurations being underlying phonological representations.
Abstract: Dinka is a Western Nilotic language with three contrastive degrees of vowel length, two contrastive voice qualities in vowels, and three contrastive tones. Although to a large extent a monosyllabic language, Dinka has an elaborate morphology. In monosyllabic words the morphology is manifested solely by alternations among values of a number of phonological arameters of the root, including, among others, vowel length, voice quality, and tone. In this article the alternations of these three parameters are systematically set forth and described for the core of the derivational and inflectional morphology of transitive verbal roots in the Agar dialect of Dinka. Furthermore, it is argued that morphologically complex monosyllabic verb forms are analysable as configurations of morphological layers at which values of the phonological parameters are specified, such configurations being underlying phonological representations.
TL;DR: The goal here is to present the set of phonological features that permit the productive construction of reduplication forms and a first approximation to the feature geometry in which they participate.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the lip movement of the video creatures to recognize the speaking content and used the video information only to recognize lip language of the single syllable word (SSW), e.g. in Chinese language.
Abstract: This system reads the lip movement of the video creature to recognize the speaking content. Its aim is to use the video info only to recognize the lip language of the single syllable word (SSW), e.g. in Chinese language. This invention includes the video demodulating module, the lip allocating module. The lip movement dividing module, the feature drawing module, the language material warehouse (LMW), the model establishing module and the lip language recognizing module. This LMW possesses rich contents and is easy to expand. This invention processes only video images and need not the audio data to help. It can process video files, e.g. avi, wmv, rmvb and mpg to meet the requirement of recognizing the talking content under soundless condition. The lip movement part in this invention aims SSW to handle intelligently dividing. Comparing with the solid length time dividing or the handwork dividing, this method is more practical and greatly raises the recognition accuracy.
TL;DR: This work describes a novel neural network based speech recognition system for isolated Cantonese syllables and develops an integrated recognition algorithm to give the ultimate recognition results based on N-best outputs of the two subrecognizers.
Abstract: This work describes a novel neural network based speech recognition system for isolated Cantonese syllables. Since Cantonese is a monosyllabic and tonal language, the recognition system is composed of two major components, namely the tone recognizer and the base syllable recognizer. The tone recognizer adopts the architecture of multilayer perceptron in which each output neuron represents a particular tone. The base syllable recognizer consists of a large number of independently trained recurrent networks, each representing a designated Cantonese syllable. An integrated recognition algorithm is developed to give the ultimate recognition results based on N-best outputs of the two subrecognizers. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, a speaker-dependent recognition system has been built with the vocabulary expanding progressively from 10 syllables to 200 syllables. In the case of 200 syllables, a top-1 recognition accuracy of 81.8% has been attained whilst the top-3 accuracy is 95.28.
TL;DR: The recent development in designing efficient algorithms based on artificial neural networks for tone classification and syllable recognition of Cantonese are described.
Abstract: Cantonese is a common Chinese dialect used by tens of millions of people residing in Southern China and in Hong Kong. It is a monosyllabic and tonal language and is very different from the Chinese official language, Putonghua or Mandarin. We describe the recent development in designing efficient algorithms based on artificial neural networks for tone classification and syllable recognition of Cantonese. The basic phonological structure together with those acoustic-phonetic features that are essential for Cantonese syllable recognition are also discussed. >