Topic
Monetary base
About: Monetary base is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6519 publications have been published within this topic receiving 148278 citations. The topic is also known as: base money & money base.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
Book•
1 Jan 2003TL;DR: Woodford as mentioned in this paper proposes a rule-based approach to monetary policy suitable for a world of instant communications and ever more efficient financial markets, arguing that effective monetary policy requires that central banks construct a conscious and articulate account of what they are doing.
Abstract: With the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, any pretense of a connection of the world's currencies to any real commodity has been abandoned. Yet since the 1980s, most central banks have abandoned money-growth targets as practical guidelines for monetary policy as well. How then can pure "fiat" currencies be managed so as to create confidence in the stability of national units of account? Interest and Prices seeks to provide theoretical foundations for a rule-based approach to monetary policy suitable for a world of instant communications and ever more efficient financial markets. In such a world, effective monetary policy requires that central banks construct a conscious and articulate account of what they are doing. Michael Woodford reexamines the foundations of monetary economics, and shows how interest-rate policy can be used to achieve an inflation target in the absence of either commodity backing or control of a monetary aggregate. The book further shows how the tools of modern macroeconomic theory can be used to design an optimal inflation-targeting regime--one that balances stabilization goals with the pursuit of price stability in a way that is grounded in an explicit welfare analysis, and that takes account of the "New Classical" critique of traditional policy evaluation exercises. It thus argues that rule-based policymaking need not mean adherence to a rigid framework unrelated to stabilization objectives for the sake of credibility, while at the same time showing the advantages of rule-based over purely discretionary policymaking.
5,945 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: The credit channel theory of monetary policy transmission holds that informational frictions in credit markets worsen during tight money periods and the resulting increase in the external finance premium enhances the effects of monetary policies on the real economy as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The 'credit channel' theory of monetary policy transmission holds that informational frictions in credit markets worsen during tight- money periods. The resulting increase in the external finance premium--the difference in cost between internal and external funds-- enhances the effects of monetary policy on the real economy. We document the responses of GDP and its components to monetary policy shocks and describe how the credit channel helps explain the facts. We discuss two main components of this mechanism, the balance-sheet channel and the bank lending channel. We argue that forecasting exercises using credit aggregates are not valid tests of this theory.
4,443 citations
TL;DR: The authors found that the impact of monetary policy on lending is stronger for banks with less liquid balance sheets, i.e., banks with lower ratios of securities to assets, and that this pattern is largely attributable to the smaller banks, those in the bottom 95 percent of the size distribution.
Abstract: We study the monetary-transmission mechanism with a data set that includes quarterly observations of every insured U.S. commercial bank from 1976 to 1993. We find that the impact of monetary policy on lending is stronger for banks with less liquid balance sheets--i.e., banks with lower ratios of securities to assets. Moreover, this pattern is largely attributable to the smaller banks, those in the bottom 95 percent of the size distribution. Our results support the existence of a "bank lending channel" of monetary transmission, though they do not allow us to make precise statements about its quantitative importance.
3,040 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative movements in bank loans and commercial paper were used to provide evidence on the existence of a loan supply channel of monetary policy transmission. And they also argued that this view of the transmission mechanism can help explain why interest rate spreads involving commercial paper rates have had considerable predictive power for many measures of economic activity.
Abstract: In this paper we use the relative movements in bank loans and commercial paper to provide evidence on the existence of a loan supply channel of monetary policy transmission. A first necessary condition for monetary policy to work through a lending channel is that banks must view loans and securities as imperfect substitutes, so that monetary tightening does affect the availability of bank loans. We find that tighter monetary policy leads to a shift in firms' mix of external financing -- commercial paper issuance rises while bank loans fall, suggesting that loan supply has indeed been reduced. Furthermore, these shifts in the financing mix seem to affect investment (even controlling for interest rates). This implies that bank and non-bank sources of finance are also not perfect substitutes for businesses. We also argue that this view of the transmission mechanism can help explain why interest rate spreads involving commercial paper rates have had considerable predictive power for many measures of economic activity.
1,765 citations
TL;DR: Inflation targeting as discussed by the authors is a new strategy for monetary policy known as "inflation targeting," which has sparked much interest and debate among central bankers and monetary economists in recent years, characterized by the announcement of official target ranges for the inflation rate at one or more horizons, and explicit acknowledgment that low and stable inflation is the overriding goal of monetary policy.
Abstract: he world's central bankers and their staffs meet regularly, in venues from Basle to Washington, to share ideas and discuss common problems. Perhaps these frequent meetings help explain why changes in the tactics and strategy of monetary policymaking-such as the adoption of money growth targets in the 1970s, the intensification of efforts to reduce inflation in the 1980s, and the recent push for increased institutional independence for central banks-tend to occur in many countries more or less simultaneously. Whatever their source, major changes in the theory and practice of central banking are of great importance, for both individual countries and the international economy. In this article, we discuss a new strategy for monetary policy known as "inflation targeting," which has sparked much interest and debate among central bankers and monetary economists in recent years. This approach is characterized, as the name suggests, by the announcement of official target ranges for the inflation rate at one or more horizons, and by explicit acknowledgment that low and stable inflation is the overriding goal of monetary policy. Other important features of inflation targeting include increased communication with the public about the plans and objectives of the monetary policymakers, and, in many cases, increased accountability of the central bank
1,454 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 10 |
| 2024 | 12 |
| 2023 | 24 |
| 2022 | 28 |
| 2021 | 20 |
| 2020 | 49 |