TL;DR: In this article, the content of total solids in foods is determined by a mixture of moisture and total weight of the food components on a uniform basis (i.e., dry weight basis), and the dry matter that remains after moisture analysis is commonly referred to as total subsides.
Abstract: The moisture (or total solids) content of foods is important to food manufacturers for a variety of reasons. Moisture is an important factor in food quality, preservation, and resistance to deterioration. Determination of moisture content also is necessary to calculate the content of other food constituents on a uniform basis (i.e., dry weight basis). The dry matter that remains after moisture analysis is commonly referred to as total solids.
TL;DR: Determining both the water content and the water activity of a food provides a complete moisture analysis, and a major section on moisture sorption isotherms is included.
Abstract: Moisture assays can be one of the most important analyses performed on a food product and yet one of the most difficult from which to obtain accurate and precise data, for reasons described in this chapter. The first sections of this chapter describe both direct and indirect methods for moisture content analysis: instrumentation, principles, procedures, applications, cautions, advantages, and disadvantages. The choice of moisture analysis method is often determined by the expected moisture content, nature of other food constituents (e.g., highly volatile, heat sensitive), equipment available, speed necessary, accuracy and precision required, and intended purpose (e.g., regulatory or in-plant quality control). Latter parts of this chapter describe water activity measurement, since it parallels the measurement of total moisture as an important stability and quality factor. Determining both the water content and the water activity of a food provides a complete moisture analysis. Also included in the chapter is a major section on moisture sorption isotherms. With an understanding of the techniques described in this chapter, one can apply appropriate moisture analyses to a wide variety of food products.
TL;DR: In this article, a framework was developed for the continental assimilation of satellite soil moisture (SM) into an operational water balance modelling system, and the ensemble Kalman filter was implemented to assimilate AMSR-E and ASCAT-derived SM products into the landscape model of the Australian Water Resources Assessment system (AWRA-L) and generate ensembles of daily top-layer and shallow root-zone soil moisture analyses for the continent at 0.05° resolution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the complex microstructural changes and cell-level water transportation in plant-based food materials during drying, using X-ray micro-computed tomography (X-ray μCT).
TL;DR: In this article, the results of extensive investigations aimed at determining the moisture content in a large population of power transformers (161 units) were presented by means of the Frequency Response Spectroscopy (FDS) method.
Abstract: The article presents the results of extensive investigations aimed at determining the moisture content in a large population of power transformers (161 units). The project was carried out during the period of 2003-2011 in Poland, Germany, and Sweden. All results were obtained by means of the Frequency Response Spectroscopy (FDS) method. Among the transformers tested were grid transformers, generator step-up (GSU) transformers, and distribution transformers. According to the classification rules established by IEEE, 30% among the investigated transformers could be classified as “wet” (2-4% moisture content). The observed moisture variation with age was found to depend on transformer design and operating conditions. It is suggested that, based on the presented statistical results and knowledge concerning transformer type and age, one may discriminate between probably dry transformers and transformers that require actual moisture analysis and therefore prioritize further condition assessment.