Mind control

Abstract: Michio Kaku, the international bestselling author of Physics of the Impossible, gives us a stunning and provocative vision of the future of the mind. Recording memories, mind reading, videotaping our dreams, mind control, avatars, and telekinesis - no longer are these feats of the mind solely the province of overheated science fiction. As Michio Kaku reveals, with the latest advances in brain science and recent astonishing breakthroughs in technology, they already exist. In The Future of the Mind, the New York Times-bestselling author takes us on a stunning, provocative and exhilarating tour of the top laboratories around the world to meet the scientists who are already revolutionising the way we think about the brain - and ourselves. "Summons up the sheer wonder of science". (Daily Telegraph). "Compelling...Kaku thinks with great breadth, and the vistas he presents us are worth the trip". (New York Times Book Review). Michio Kaku is a professor of physics at the City University of New York, cofounder of string field theory, and the author of several widely acclaimed science books, including Hyperspace, Beyond Einstein, Physics of the Impossible, and Physics of the Future.

Abstract: This article examines the covert and unofficial intervention by the United States in Italian domestic politics from 1948 to the mid-i 950s, which was often referred to as "psychological warfare" (or "psywar"). Conventionally, the difference between regular and psychological warfare should correspond to that between the body and the mind of human beings. While normal warfare aims at defeating the enemy through physical damage, psywar aims to conquer the "minds and hearts" of the people in the symbolic conflict that always complements the military one. In the first years of the Cold War, there was a strong fascination in the United States with the idea of psychological warfare. The pedagogic belief that it was possible to influence and condition political allegiances, private and public behaviors, and even individual and collective identities was largely a product of the time. As the State Department official Albert P. Toner recalled, "Psychological was a fashionable word in those early fifties. You heard for the first time, or more than previously, about psychological warfare or strategy or whatever." The Korean War popularized the Orwellian notion of brainwashing, which ended up exercising a wide attraction in American public opinion. It also stimulated the belief that the diabolical techniques of mind control allegedly developed by Communism could be virtuously reversed to promote and propagate Western democratic values.1 At the same time, the particular nature of the bipolar clash between the United States and the Soviet Union further legitimized psychological warfare as a necessary tool of American foreign policy. The Cold War was a total and absolute conflict between two antagonistic, but equally universalistic, models that did not acknowl-