Abstract: The ChatGPT, a lite and conversational variant of Generative Pretrained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) developed by OpenAI, is one of the milestone Large Language Models (LLMs) with billions of parameters. LLMs have stirred up much interest among researchers and practitioners in their impressive skills in natural language processing tasks, which profoundly impact various fields. This paper mainly discusses the future applications of LLMs in dentistry. We introduce two primary LLM deployment methods in dentistry, including automated dental diagnosis and cross-modal dental diagnosis, and examine their potential applications. Especially, equipped with a cross-modal encoder, a single LLM can manage multi-source data and conduct advanced natural language reasoning to perform complex clinical operations. We also present cases to demonstrate the potential of a fully automatic Multi-Modal LLM AI system for dentistry clinical application. While LLMs offer significant potential benefits, the challenges, such as data privacy, data quality, and model bias, need further study. Overall, LLMs have the potential to revolutionize dental diagnosis and treatment, which indicates a promising avenue for clinical application and research in dentistry.

Abstract: In November 2022, OpenAI publicly launched its large language model (LLM), ChatGPT, and reached the milestone of having over 100 million users in only 2 months. LLMs have been shown to be useful in a myriad of health care-related tasks and processes. In this paper, I argue that attention to, public access to, and debate about LLMs have initiated a wave of products and services using generative artificial intelligence (AI), which had previously found it hard to attract physicians. This paper describes what AI tools have become available since the beginning of the ChatGPT revolution and contemplates how it they might change physicians' perceptions about this breakthrough technology.

Abstract: OpenAI has recently released GPT-4 (a.k.a. ChatGPT plus), which is demonstrated to be one small step for generative AI (GAI), but one giant leap for artificial general intelligence (AGI). Since its official release in November 2022, ChatGPT has quickly attracted numerous users with extensive media coverage. Such unprecedented attention has also motivated numerous researchers to investigate ChatGPT from various aspects. According to Google scholar, there are more than 500 articles with ChatGPT in their titles or mentioning it in their abstracts. Considering this, a review is urgently needed, and our work fills this gap. Overall, this work is the first to survey ChatGPT with a comprehensive review of its underlying technology, applications, and challenges. Moreover, we present an outlook on how ChatGPT might evolve to realize general-purpose AIGC (a.k.a. AI-generated content), which will be a significant milestone for the development of AGI.

Abstract: ChatGPT, one of the leading Large Language Models (LLMs), has acquired linguistic capabilities such as text comprehension and logical reasoning, enabling it to engage in natural conversations with humans. As illustrated in “What Does ChatGPT Say: The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence” [1], there are three levels of intelligence: 1) Algorithmic Intelligence (AI), 2) Linguistic Intelligence (LI), 3) Imaginative Intelligence (II). ChatGPT is a powerful demonstration of Linguistic Intelligence, another milestone after AlphaGo for Algorithmic Intelligence [1]–[3]. We believe the next break-through in intelligence should be Imaginative Intelligence for artistic creation.

Abstract: Letter to the EditorEvaluating the performance of ChatGPT in medical physiology university examination of phase I MBBSMahila Subramani, Ilham Jaleel, and Surapaneni Krishna MohanMahila SubramaniDepartment of Physiology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Ilham JaleelDepartment of Physiology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, and Surapaneni Krishna MohanDepartments of Biochemistry, Medical Education, Molecular Virology, Research, Clinical Skills and Simulation, Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaPublished Online:27 Mar 2023https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00036.2023MoreSectionsPDF (161 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat San Francisco-based OpenAI Inc/LP developed and launched the revolutionary and enormous language model powered by an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot system named ChatGPT on November 30, 2022, which generates humanoid responses to varied and diverse natural queries (1). Within a week of its release, ChatGPT has crossed the over 1 million user mark (2). This ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a freely accessible conversational AI tool that was developed on the concept of reinforcement learning from human feedback (3). Ever since the integration of ChatGPT, the Microsoft Bing search engine has reached an impressive milestone of more than 100 million daily active users and is soon to be made instantly available for millions of users online along with healthcare professionals and students (4). In recognition of its high impact, the efficiency of ChatGPT has also been tested in the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), and it has successfully cleared the test (5). Although ChatGPT cannot replace human thinking and reasoning, its usability in several fields including medical education and clinical decision making is worthy of more research that can assess its accuracy and utility in the medical field (6).We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT on February 14, 2023 in the Medical Physiology Examination of Phase I MBBS. We used theory questions and multiple choice questions (MCQs) for this evaluation. The question paper is evaluated for 100 marks, with 2 essays worth 15 marks each, 10 short notes worth 5 marks each, and 20 MCQs. We typed the questions in the search bar of ChatGPT and allowed it to generate the response. ChatGPT generated the responses for the theory questions with all essays and short notes. The MCQs were also entered in the search bar, and ChatGPT provided the right answer along with an explanation. All the responses were saved and documented. The answers were later evaluated by the faculty of the department of physiology.The first essay was a case-based question on myocardial infarction with four subquestions. ChatGPT gave the right diagnosis, and the answers to the subsequent subquestions were also appreciable. ChatGPT also fared well in other short notes. It gave right answers to all questions in pointwise fashion, encompassing all appropriate examples and important information that examiners look for. However, ChatGPT could not generate relevant diagrams for the answers simultaneously. In regard to MCQs, ChatGPT gave the right answer for 17 MCQ out of 20 MCQs, along with a good explanation for every question. The answers were evaluated and cross-checked by expert faculty in medical physiology. Overall, ChatGPT cleared the Physiology University Examination with a distinction (>75% of marks).In the fast-evolving digital era, ChatGPT is emerging as one of the most rapid and easily usable AI technologies that can be utilized to assist physicians and other healthcare professionals in diagnosis, critical decision making, and planning of appropriate treatment strategies. These digital assistants have been shown to pass medical exams with commendable scores and can thus serve as a useful tool to reframe medical education and assessment that is soon to be advantaged by AI. Although AI has the potential to revamp medical systems, it could still lead to automation bias without clinician validity. Thus, to depend on AI as an innovative tool for education or medical practices, the accuracy, source, and reliability of the information should be authenticated by expert faculties and clinicians before these are put into practice.DISCLOSURESNo conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONSS.K.M. conceived and designed research; S.K.M. performed experiments; M.S., I.J., and S.K.M. analyzed data; M.S., I.J., and S.K.M. interpreted results of experiments; S.K.M. prepared figures; S.K.M. drafted manuscript; M.S., I.J., and S.K.M. edited and revised manuscript; M.S., I.J., and S.K.M. approved final version of manuscript.REFERENCES1. What is ChatGPT and how can you use it? https://www.searchenginejournal.com/what-is-chatgpt/473664/#close [2023 Mar 9].Google Scholar2. OpenAI’s ChatGPT, launched last week, used by over 1 million in 6 days: CEO. https://www.hindustantimes.com/technology/openais-chatgpt-launched-last-week-used-by-over-1-million-in-6-days-ceo-101670234260469.html [2023 Mar 9].Google Scholar3. Thorp HH. ChatGPT is fun, but not an author. Science 379: 313, 2023. doi:10.1126/science.adg7879. Crossref | PubMed | Google Scholar4. The ChatGPT effect: Microsoft claims Bing has now 100 million daily users. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/gadgets-news/the-chatgpt-effect-microsoft-claims-bing-has-now-100-million-daily-users/articleshow/98522286.cms?from=mdr [2023 Mar 9].Google Scholar5. Kung TH, Cheatham M, Medenilla A, Sillos C, De Leon L, Elepaño C, Madriaga M, Aggabao R, Diaz-Candido G, Maningo J, Tseng V. Performance of ChatGPT on USMLE: potential for AI-assisted medical education using large language models. PLOS Digit Health 2: e0000198, 2023. doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000198. Crossref | PubMed | Google Scholar6. Mbakwe AB, Lourentzou I, Celi LA, Mechanic OJ, Dagan A. ChatGPT passing USMLE shines a spotlight on the flaws of medical education. PLOS Digit Health 2: e0000205, 2023. doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000205. Crossref | PubMed | Google ScholarAUTHOR NOTESCorrespondence: S. Krishna Mohan (krishnamohan.[email protected]com). Download PDF Previous Back to Top FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation CollectionsAdvances in Physiology Education CollectionsAI in Physiology Education More from this issue > Volume 47Issue 2June 2023Pages 270-271 Crossmark Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 the American Physiological Society.https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00036.2023PubMed36971685History Received 10 March 2023 Accepted 10 March 2023 Published online 27 March 2023 Published in print 1 June 2023 Keywordsartificial intelligencechatbotChatGPTmedical educationmedical physiology Metrics

Abstract: NURTURE (NCT02386553) is an open‐label study of nusinersen in children (two SMN2 copies, n = 15; three SMN2 copies, n = 10) who initiated treatment in the presymptomatic stage of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). A prior analysis after ~3 y showed benefits on survival, respiratory outcomes, motor milestone achievement, and a favorable safety profile. An additional 2 y of follow‐up (data cut: February 15, 2021) are reported.

Abstract: Background: In spinal muscular atrophy, clinical trial results indicated that disease-modifying treatments are highly effective when given prior to symptom onset, which has prompted newborn screening programs in growing number of countries. However, prognosis of those patients cannot be inferred from clinical trials conducted in presymptomatic individuals, as in some cases disease presents very early. Methods: we conducted a systematic review of articles published up to January 2023. Results: Among 35 patients with three SMN2 copies treated before 42 days of age and followed-up for at least 18 months, all but one achieved autonomous ambulation. Of 41 patients with two SMN2 copies, who were non-symptomatic at treatment initiation, all achieved a sitting position independently and 31 were able to walk. Of 16 patients with two SMN2 copies followed-up for at least 18 months who presented with symptoms at treatment onset, 3 achieved the walking milestone and all but one were able to sit without support. Conclusions: evaluation of data from 18 publications indicates that the results of early treatment depend on the number of SMN2 copies and the initial neurological status of the patient.

Abstract: Abstract The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics recognized the fundamental role of complex systems in the natural sciences. In order to celebrate this milestone, this editorial presents the point of view of the editorial board of JPhys Complexity on the achievements, challenges, and future prospects of the field. To distinguish the voice and the opinion of each editor, this editorial consists of a series of editor perspectives and reflections on few selected themes. A comprehensive and multi-faceted view of the field of complexity science emerges. We hope and trust that this open discussion will be of inspiration for future research on complex systems.

Abstract: ChatGPT, a groundbreaking natural language processing technology released just three months ago, has attracted significant attention due to its remarkable capabilities. This AI milestone has urged researchers, industry, decision-makers, and governments to examine this technology, including its implications, threats, and benefits. Despite the short period since its release, several researchers have examined ChatGPT from different perspectives. This paper presents a comprehensive review of ChatGPT, highlighting its technical novelties compared to previous models and analyzing existing research from various perspectives. We followed a rigorous methodology to conduct a critical review of existing research on ChatGPT and developed a taxonomy for the different areas of study. Additionally, we identify future challenges and research trends associated with ChatGPT. Our paper is the first critical review of ChatGPT literature, providing valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers. This paper serves as a reference for researchers seeking to advance research on ChatGPT, including its applications and development.

Abstract: In this paper, we study the problem of planning in Minecraft, a popular, democratized yet challenging open-ended environment for developing multi-task embodied agents. We've found two primary challenges of empowering such agents with planning: 1) planning in an open-ended world like Minecraft requires precise and multi-step reasoning due to the long-term nature of the tasks, and 2) as vanilla planners do not consider the proximity to the current agent when ordering parallel sub-goals within a complicated plan, the resulting plan could be inefficient. To this end, we propose "Describe, Explain, Plan and Select" (DEPS), an interactive planning approach based on Large Language Models (LLMs). Our approach helps with better error correction from the feedback during the long-haul planning, while also bringing the sense of proximity via goal Selector, a learnable module that ranks parallel sub-goals based on the estimated steps of completion and improves the original plan accordingly. Our experiments mark the milestone of the first multi-task agent that can robustly accomplish 70+ Minecraft tasks and nearly doubles the overall performances. Finally, the ablation and exploratory studies detail how our design beats the counterparts and provide a promising update on the $\texttt{ObtainDiamond}$ grand challenge with our approach. The code is released at https://github.com/CraftJarvis/MC-Planner.

Abstract: Buprenorphine-based medications were first approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2002 for the treatment of opioid dependence, or opioid use disorder (OUD) as the condition is presently known. This regulatory milestone was the outcome of 36 years of research and development, which also led to the development and approval of several other new buprenorphine-based medications. In this short review, we first describe the discovery and early development stages of buprenorphine. Second, we review key steps that led to the development of buprenorphine as a drug product. Third, we explain the regulatory approval of several buprenorphine-based medications for the treatment of OUD. We also discuss these developments in the context of the evolution of regulations and policies that have progressively improved OUD treatment availability and efficacy, although challenges remain in removing system-level, provider-level, and local-level barriers to quality treatment, to integrating OUD treatment into routine care and other settings, to reducing disparities in access to treatment, and to optimizing person-centered outcomes.

Abstract: Objective Positive psychology is a revolution in the science of psychology as well as a new milestone in the development of human society. The purpose of the study was to use bibliometrics and visual analysis to assess the current state and trends in positive psychology research. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection was searched for 4,378 papers on positive psychology between 1999 and 2021. The features of positive psychology research were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2013, VOSviewer (1.6.17), and CiteSpace (5.8.R1). Results The findings demonstrate a steady growth in positive psychology publications from 1999 to 2021. The United States (1,780) and Harvard University (104), respectively, were the most productive nations and organizations in this subject. Frontiers in Psychology was the most productive journal (288), while the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology had the most co-citations (8,469). Seligman was the most influential author, with 3,350 citations and 5,020 co-citations. The top ten co-cited references, in terms of citation explosion, suggesting that these papers provide the foundation for the growth of this discipline. The systematic review, character strengths, positive psychology intervention, language pleasure, and the COVID-19 pandemic are the focal points of research and development developments in this discipline. Conclusion These findings have helped researchers in positive psychology find new ways to collaborate with partners, hot topics, and research frontiers.

Abstract: Purpose Accurate assessment of clinical performance is essential to ensure graduating residents are competent for unsupervised practice. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education milestones framework is the most widely used competency-based framework in the United States. However, the relationship between residents’ milestones competency ratings and their subsequent early career clinical outcomes has not been established. It is important to examine the association between milestones competency ratings of U.S. general surgical residents and those surgeons’ patient outcomes in early career practice. Method A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of national Medicare claims for 23 common, high-risk inpatient general surgical procedures performed between July 1, 2015, and November 30, 2018 (n = 12,400 cases) by nonfellowship-trained U.S. general surgeons. Milestone ratings collected during those surgeons’ last year of residency (n = 701 residents) were compared with their risk-adjusted rates of mortality, any complication, or severe complication within 30 days of index operation during their first 2 years of practice. Results There were no associations between mean milestone competency ratings of graduating general surgery residents and their subsequent early career patient outcomes, including any complication (23% proficient vs 22% not yet proficient; relative risk [RR], 0.97, [95% CI, 0.88–1.08]); severe complication (9% vs 9%, respectively; RR, 1.01, [95% CI, 0.86–1.19]); and mortality (5% vs 5%; RR, 1.07, [95% CI, 0.88–1.30]). Secondary analyses yielded no associations between patient outcomes and milestone ratings specific to technical performance, or between patient outcomes and composites of operative performance, professionalism, or leadership milestones ratings ( P ranged .32–.97). Conclusions Milestone ratings of graduating general surgery residents were not associated with the patient outcomes of those surgeons when they performed common, higher-risk procedures in a Medicare population. Efforts to improve how milestones ratings are generated might strengthen their association with early career outcomes.

Abstract: The achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the coming years is a very important milestone for the sustainability of the planet. In order to achieve these objectives, it is essential that current students, who will be the workers of the future, know the SDGs and are aware of their importance. Therefore, it is necessary to know what is the knowledge and awareness that current students have and their perception regarding the relationship of their future profession with the achievement of the SDGs. In this way, actions can be proposed and implemented that can improve students’ perception and knowledge of the SDGs. This paper presents an investigation that identifies the knowledge and awareness that university students have about the SDGs and the opinion they have regarding how their professional practice can help achieve them. This research is carried out by analyzing the opinion of students of various degrees and master’s degrees from a Spanish University. Based on this, a series of teaching–learning activities are proposed that are capable of improving the degree of knowledge and awareness of the students, as well as the perception that they may have of how their profession can help achieve the SDGs.

Abstract: In 2020, R&D Management celebrated 50 years of publication. The present study honors that milestone by conducting a retrospective examination of the research conducted in the journal over time and reflects on its rich history to look forward in the R&D management field. Using bibliometric techniques, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the journal's most prominent topics and themes, as well as its most prolific authors, institutions, and countries. The findings indicate that R&D Management has increased its productivity and reputation as measured by the number of published articles and citations per year and expanded its international reach from the initial European-dominated author base. We complement this analysis by performing an in-depth systematic literature review of the most frequently cited papers – annually and of all time – to disentangle the themes and concepts that prominently shaped the progress of the discipline itself. The results suggest that R&D Management has progressively widened its field of investigation from an intra-organizational perspective (1970–1992) to an inter-organizational view (1992–2006) and then to an extra-organizational outlook (2006–2018). Finally, based on this history and viewing the contributions from 2019 onwards, we identify an emerging set of research trajectories that we expect will pave the way for the future impact of R&D Management and the field at large.

Abstract: ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is one of the milestone large language models (LLMs) with 6 billion parameters. ChatGPT has demonstrated the impressive language understanding capability of LLM, particularly in generating conversational response. As LLMs start to gain more attention in various research or engineering domains, it is time to envision how LLM may revolutionize the way we approach intelligent transportation systems. This paper explores the future applications of LLM in addressing key transportation problems. By leveraging LLM with cross-modal encoder, an intelligent system can also process traffic data from different modalities and execute transportation operations through an LLM. We present and validate these potential transportation applications equipped by LLM. To further demonstrate this potential, we also provide a concrete smartphone-based crash report auto-generation and analysis framework as a use case. Despite the potential benefits, challenges related to data privacy, data quality, and model bias must be considered. Overall, the use of LLM in intelligent transport systems holds promise for more efficient, intelligent, and sustainable transportation systems that further improve daily life around the world.

Abstract: This study presents reviews of the failure criteria to capture the resulting response due to the catastrophe of ship collision and grounding using the finite element. Researchers have introduced several failure criteria, for instance, the DNV RP-C204 criterion, Germanischer Lloyd criterion, Peschmann, RiceTracey and Cockcroft-Latham (RTCL), Bressan-Williams-Hill (BWH) instability criterion, and Liu criterion. As in the mathematical formula, each criterion has a difference. The choice of failure criteria will depend on the simulation's specific requirements and the analysis's goals. Liu's criterion can be used to evaluate the failure of materials in ship collision simulations, for example, when large element sizes (i.e., 20 mm) are considered in the simulation.

Abstract: Recently, sparse 3D convolutions have changed 3D object detection. Performing on par with the voting-based approaches, 3D CNNs are memory-efficient and scale to large scenes better. However, there is still room for improvement. With a conscious, practice-oriented approach to problem-solving, we analyze the performance of such methods and localize the weaknesses. Applying modifications that resolve the found issues one by one, we end up with TR3D: a fast fully-convolutional 3D object detection model trained end-to-end, that achieves state-of-the-art results on the standard benchmarks, ScanNet v2, SUN RGB-D, and S3DIS. Moreover, to take advantage of both point cloud and RGB inputs, we introduce an early fusion of 2D and 3D features. We employ our fusion module to make conventional 3D object detection methods multimodal and demonstrate an impressive boost in performance. Our model with early feature fusion, which we refer to as TR3D+FF, outperforms existing 3D object detection approaches on the SUN RGB-D dataset. Overall, besides being accurate, both TR3D and TR3D+FF models are lightweight, memory-efficient, and fast, thereby marking another milestone on the way toward real-time 3D object detection. Code is available at https://github.com/SamsungLabs/tr3d.

Abstract: Abstract Corporate digital responsibility (CDR) is a recently developing new management concept in response to the increasing challenges caused by digital transformation. In Germany, this self-governance approach influenced the political discussions and led to a more integrative and collaborative multi-policy strategy beyond pure regulatory regimes. The launch of the German CDR-code by the German action group in June 2021 is a milestone to capture ethical problems in digitalised firms by voluntary commitments from signatories. However, little empirical evidence on the current state of CDR-initiatives at German corporations is available up-to now. This article addresses the identified research gap by performing a qualitative analysis of the disclosed information on CDR in nonfinancial reports of the DAX 30 companies from 2020. After a brief introduction, a literature review on CDR-related research activities is presented in Sect. 2, and the context and background of the study are specified. Section 3 presents the results of the empirical study on disclosed CDR-related information by German DAX 30 companies. Section 4 concludes with a discussion and discovers future research avenues on CDR. Corporate responsibility in the digital economy is a field of research that is open for different disciplines and especially theoretical normative research on CDR should be accelerated.

Abstract: When we began planning how to celebrate 50 years of SIGGRAPH Conferences, there was unanimous agreement that one of the projects should be publishing a second volume of Seminal Graphics Papers. The first volume was published in 1998 as part of the celebration of the 25th SIGGRAPH conference. Seminal Graphics Papers Volume 2, perhaps more than any other activity undertaken in this milestone year, celebrates ACM SIGGRAPH's origins and continued success as a Technical and Professional Society. This collection of papers typifies the ground-breaking research that has been the conference's hallmark since 1974. A quick scan of the chapter and the paper titles shows just how far SIGGRAPH research has pushed the boundaries of our discipline and contributed to its evolution. The ACM Digital Library team has been supportive of this Seminal Graphics Papers project from the beginning. I am pleased to let you know that both Volumes 1 and 2 of Seminal Graphics Papers are freely available from the ACM Digital Library at these URLs: Volume 1: https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/280811 Volume 2: https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/3596711

Abstract: The State of World Population report 2023 will discuss the milestone of 8 billion recently reached by the human population and the narratives surrounding population change. We will look in particular at discourses which put forward ideas of 'too many' or 'too few' people and at the harm this can cause women and girls whose reproductive choices are on the line.

Abstract: Abstract On behalf of all at High Power Laser Science and Engineering we would like to congratulate the team at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) on demonstrating fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility. This major scientific achievement was realized on the 5 December 2022 at the LLNL and announced at a press briefing on the 13 December 2022 by the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration. This was a historic milestone and the culmination of decades of effort.

Abstract: Key Points Question Do trainee physicians with lower Milestones ratings in professionalism (P) and interpersonal and communication skills (ICS) during the last year of training receive more patient complaints in early posttraining practice? Findings In this cohort study of 9340 physicians, those with Milestone ratings in P and ICS below the graduation target during training were statistically significantly more likely to have patient complaints in the first year of posttraining physician practice. Meaning In this study, lower Milestone ratings in P and ICS were associated with higher risk of patient complaints, suggesting that these individuals may need more support during graduate medical education training or in the early part of their posttraining practice career.

Abstract: The Heavy Ion Therapy Research Integration plus (HITRIplus) is an European project that aims to integrate and propel research and technologies related to cancer treatment with heavy ion beams. Among the ambitious goals of the project, a specific work package includes the design of a gantry for carbon ions, based on superconducting magnets. The first milestone to achieve is the choice of the fundamental gantry parameters, namely the beam optics layout, the superconducting magnet technology, and the main user requirements. Starting from a reference 3 T design, the collaboration widely explored dozens of possible gantry configurations at 4 T, aiming to find the best compromise in terms of footprint, capital cost, and required R&D. We present here a summary of these configurations, underlying the initial correlation between the beam optics, the mechanics and the main superconducting dipoles design: the bending field (up to 4 T), combined function features (integrated quadrupoles), magnet aperture (up to 90 mm), and angular length (30° – 45°). The resulting main parameters are then listed, compared, and used to drive the choice of the best gantry layout to be developed in HITRIplus.

Abstract: Welcome to the 54th annual SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE TS 2023). Recent years have seen numerous milestones for the SIGCSE Technical Symposium such as its 50th anniversary, and the first online and hybrid symposiums. This year we celebrate another milestone: the first SIGCSE Technical Symposium held outside of the United States. We are thrilled that so many of you have decided to join us in Canada. Simultaneously, we are also excited to have many more people joining us online as the Technical Symposium is, once again, a hybrid event. Through all of these milestones the SIGCSE Technical Symposium has continued to be a forum for educators and researchers to share new results and insights, and it continues to be an opportunity for everyone in attendance to reinforce their existing connections within the community, and to build new ones. The SIGCSE Technical Symposium provides many ways to achieve these goals, including papers, panels, special sessions, workshops, the ACM Student Research Competition, Birds of a Feather (BoFs), demos, lightning talks, nifty assignments, posters, and affiliated events. This variety of tracks allows contributors to present their work in the manner best suited to it, while also providing opportunities for attendees to engage with the work and community in the manner that is most effective for them. Our theme for 2023 is "Prepared for Anything". Exactly what this means is open to interpretation. Maybe it means prepared to come to Canada. Or perhaps it means prepared to adapt to the ongoing challenges of COVID-19. Possibly it means prepared to change and improve our teaching in ways that we never expected. Mayhaps it means prepared for whatever comes in the future, good, bad, or somewhere in between. We hope that it means that you are prepared for another exciting SIGCSE Technical Symposium that includes exceptional content that strengthens your teaching, improves your students' learning, advances your research, inspires you to be active in the community, and increases your career satisfaction.