TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the available electrolysis and methanation technologies with respect to the stringent requirements of the power-to-gas (PtG) chain such as low CAPEX, high efficiency, and high flexibility.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived intrinsic rate equations for the steam reforming of methane, accompanied by water-gas shift on a Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst, using a large number of detailed reaction mechanisms.
Abstract: Intrinsic rate equations were derived for the steam reforming of methane, accompanied by water-gas shift on a Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst. A large number of detailed reaction mechanisms were considered. Thermodynamic analysis helped in reducing the number of possible mechanisms. Twenty one sets of three rate equations were retained and subjected to model discrimination and parameter estimation. The parameter estimates in the best model are statistically significant and thermodynamically consistent.
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of methanation research conducted during the last century is presented in this paper, where application-oriented research focusing on reactor developments, reactor modeling, and pilot plant investigation is reviewed.
TL;DR: Interstitial alloys are formed by the incorporation of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen into the lattices of early transition metals to produce a class of compounds with metallic character as mentioned in this paper. The crystal structure of the materials is similar to that of the metals, with the metal atoms usually forming closed-packed lattices.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the causes of deactivation of supported metal catalysts by carbon or coke formation, and found that deactivation can occur due to fouling of the metal surface, blockage of catalysts pores and voids, and actual physical disintegration of the catalyst support.
Abstract: Deactivation of supported metal catalysts by carbon or coke formation is a problem of serious magnitude in steam reforming, methanation, and other important catalytic processes. Its causes are generally threefold: (1) fouling of the metal surface, (2) blockage of catalysts pores and voids, and/or (3) actual physical disintegration of the catalyst support. Since loss of catalytic activity and physical destruction of the catalyst by carbon deposits can occur rapidly (within hours or days) under unfavorable conditions, understanding and control of these effects are of major technological and economical importance.