TL;DR: In this article, a measure of manipulability of robotic mechanisms in positioning and orienting end-effectors has been proposed and the best postures of various types of manipulators are given, and a four degree-of-freedom finger is considered from the viewpoint of the measure.
Abstract: This paper discusses the manipulating ability of robotic mechanisms in positioning and orienting end-effectors and proposes a measure of manipulability. Some properties of this measure are obtained, the best postures of various types of manipulators are given, and a four-degree-of-freedom finger is considered from the viewpoint of the measure. The pos tures somewhat resemble those of human arms and fingers.
TL;DR: The following pilot study is an investigation of how to develop an instrument that measures students’ self-efficacy regarding engineering design using theoretical connections between motivation, expectancy for success, and anxiety.
Abstract: The following pilot study is an investigation of how to develop an instrument that measures students’ self-efficacy regarding engineering design. 36 items were developed and tested using three types of validity evidence. First, the content of the instrument was tested to ensure that the full domain (each subdimension) of the engineering design process was represented. Second, the instrument was tested for whether responses to the instrument could identify groups with various levels of engineering design experience. Finally, theoretical connections between motivation, expectancy for success, and anxiety were tested to determine their appropriateness in the measurement of self-efficacy. Results confirmed an accurate reading of engineering design self-efficacy for 82 volunteer respondents with diverse engineering expertise.
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface displacement components in laser speckle metrology were measured using a digital image scanner interfaced to a computer. Butt et al. used a boundary integral equation method to calculate surface traction in the contour.
Abstract: Digital imaging techniques are utilized as a measure of surface displacement components in laser speckle metrology. An image scanner which is interfaced to a computer records and stores in memory the laser speckle patterns of an object in a reference and deformed configuration. Subsets of the deformed images are numerically correlated with the references as a measure of surface displacements. Discrete values are determined around a closed contour for plane problems which then become input into a boundary integral equation method in order to calculate surface traction in the contour. Stresses are then calculated within this boundary. The solution procedure is illustrated by a numerical example of a case of uniform tension.