TL;DR: dsRNA binding mutants were partially transdominant over wild type PKR in mammalian cells, suggesting that binding of dsRNA activator is not the mechanism responsible for the phenotype of PKR mutants.
TL;DR: The studies indicate that the major ISRE-mediated signaling pathway used by dsRNA requires interferon regulatory factor 1 and STAT1α, however, this pathway does not require the other known cytoplasmic components used for IFN-α signaling.