TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that nominal interest rates are being increased by rising real rates and that real rates are driven by demands to finance economic development and infrastructural management.
Abstract: In this paper I will argue that nominal interest rates are being increased by rising real rates. Real rates are being driven by demands to finance economic development and infrastructural management. In recent decades they have been suppressed by highly regulated domestic financial markets and distorted by less developed international financial markets.
TL;DR: In this article, a research approach is presented for situations in which a market planner must forecast product demand at alternative price levels, but where historical market data are irrelevant, and an empirical study, in the telephone market, is presented to illustrate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Abstract: A research approach is presented for situations in which a market planner must forecast product demand at alternative price levels, but where historical market data are irrelevant. An empirical study, in the telephone market, is presented to illustrate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a flow analysis of the number of persons moving from one labour market category to another during a specified period of time, i.e., during a period of two years by linking data collected at different points of time.
Abstract: The development of a dynamic perspective on the labour market has led to demands for new types of information. In addition to the traditional data on the number of persons in various labour market categories at a given time, there have also appeared demands for flow data, i.e. data on the number of persons moving from one category to another during a specified period of time. An essential part of the Swedish labour market data derive from the Labour Force Surveys (LFS), which are interview-surveys based on monthly samples of 22000 persons. The panel design used in these surveys makes it possible to follow single individuals over a period of two years by linking data collected at different points of time. This in tum permits studies of flows between various labour market categories. The work on this technique has in Sweden focused on using empiric LFS data to evaluate the influence of various sources of error on estimates of flows between employment, unemployment and not-in-the labour-force. The development work has also covered questions of a more principal nature, viz. the usefulness of the LFS concepts and their operational definitions in the interpretation and analysis of flows. Studies of the factors behind changes of labour market status have led to proposals of a new variable, illustrating the individuals' attachment to the labour market. It is primarily intended to serve as an auxiliary in the presentation of data illustrating mobility on the labour market.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study a dynamic market process in which traders condition their beliefs about payoff-relevant parameters on past endogenously generated market data and current exogenous data, and show that a market process is informative if the beliefs of traders who receive only end-ogenously-generated market data converge almost surely to the true parameter value.
TL;DR: In this paper, posted-offer market performance is evaluated relative to double-auction market performance using two supply and demand designs, and the predictive power of competitive, Nash, and limit-price theoretic equilibria are empirically evaluated.
Abstract: This paper presents an experimental study of a computerized "posted-offer" pricing mechanism that captures many of the basic institutional features of retail exchange in the U.S. Posted-offer market performance is evaluated relative to "double-auction" market performance using two supply and demand designs. Subject experience with the trading mechanism is explicitly considered as an experimental treatment variable. The market data suggest that prices tend to be higher and efficiency lower under posted-offer pricing relative to double auction. However, the institutional effect appears to interact with other design conditions. When feasible, the predictive power of competitive, Nash, and limit-price theoretic equilibria are empirically evaluated.