TL;DR: The blister beetle (Coleoptera: Meloidae) fauna of Namibia is studied and the Namibian blister beetle fauna appears to be zoogeographically distinct because of the dominance of western southern African elements.
Abstract: The blister beetle (Coleoptera: Meloidae) fauna of Namibia is studied. The species are arranged within a catalogue containing information on their general distribution, including a list of localities and brief taxonomic remarks. Zoogeographic and ecological analyses were carried out and a photographic appendix, with images and maps of almost all Namibian species, is included. According to a chorological analysis, the Namibian blister beetle fauna appears to be zoogeographically distinct because of the dominance of western southern African elements. The faunistic levels of similarity among distinct areas in Namibia are also analysed. Several of the endemic species are related to the xeric ecosystems referable to the Namib Desert, Succulent Karoo and Nama Karoo biomes, but the highest diversity is related to the ecosystems referable to the Savannah biome. A total of 148 species belonging to 28 genera, eight tribes and three subfamilies (Eleticinae, Meloinae, Nemognathinae) are recorded from this southern African country. Five new genera ( Namibeletica gen. nov., Eleticinae Eleticini; Dilatilydus gen. nov. and Desertilydus gen. nov., Meloinae Lyttini; Paramimesthes gen. nov. and Namylabris gen. nov, Meloinae Mylabrini) and a total of 13 new species are described: 11 new species from Namibia ( Psalydolytta gessi sp.nov., Paramimesthes namibicus sp.nov., Namylabris adamantifera sp.nov. , Hycleus arlecchinus sp.nov . , H. planitiei sp.nov ., H. dvoraki sp.nov., H. aridus sp.nov., H. san sp.nov., Nemognatha fluviatilis sp.nov ., “Zonitoschema” deserticola sp.nov., Zonitoschema dunalis sp.nov.); a new Namibeletica from the Angolan Namib ( N. angolana ) and a new Afrolytta Kaszab, 1959 from the S African Namaqualand ( A. namaqua ), both close to Namibian borders. Fourty-eight species and the genus Apalus Fabricius, 1775 are recorded for the first time from Namibia, and a few other species from South Africa (1), Zambia (1), Botswana (1) and Congo (1). The following new synonymies are proposed: Lytta pleuralis var. inpleuralis Pic, 1911 = Lydomorphus (Lydomorphus) thoracicus (Erichson, 1843), syn. nov.; Lytta benguellana Pic, 1911 = Prionotolytta melanura (Erichson, 1843), syn. nov.; Actenodia amoena ssp. anthicoides Kaszab, 1955b = Hycleus amoenus (Marseul, 1872), syn. nov.; Decapotoma csikii Kaszab, 1953 = Hycleus benguellanus (Marseul, 1879), syn. nov.; Nemognatha capensis Peringuey, 1909 = Nemognatha peringueyi Fairmaire, 1883, syn. nov. Several new combinations in the genus Hycleus Latreille, 1817 are also established.
TL;DR: On the ground of the taxonomic revision of the family Meloidae Gyllenhal, 1810 from China and extensive examination of type specimens, the following new synonyms and combinations of blister beetle species are established.
Abstract: On the ground of the taxonomic revision of the family Meloidae Gyllenhal, 1810 from China and extensive examination of type specimens, the following new synonyms and combinations of blister beetle species are established: Zonitis bomiensis Tan, 1988 syn. nov. = Longizonitis semirubra (Pic, 1911); Schroetteria subpolita Reitter, 1911 syn. nov. = Megatrachelus politus (Gebler, 1832); Epicauta rishwani Makhan, 2013 syn. nov. = Denierella emmerichi Pic, 1934; Epicauta thailandica Dvořak, 1996 syn. nov. = Denierella venerabilis Kaszab, 1956; Epicauta mojiangensis Tan et Deng, 1993 syn. nov. = Epicauta makliniana Kaszab, 1958; Epicauta xantusi Kaszab, 1952 syn. nov. = Epicauta obscurocephala Reitter, 1905; Lytta badeni Haag-Rutenburg, 1880 syn. nov. = Epicauta sibirica (Pallas, 1773); Epicauta badeni sinica Kaszab, 1960 syn. nov. = Epicauta sibirica (Pallas, 1773); Lytta choui Wang, Wang et Ren, 2012 syn. nov. = Lytta suturella (Motschulsky, 1860); Zonabris calida var. baicalica Pic, 1919 syn. nov. = Mylabris aulica Menetries, 1832; Zonitomorpha kimi (Kono, 1936) comb. nov.; Zonitomorpha miwai (Kono, 1936) comb. nov.; Zonitoschema fuscimembris (Fairmaire, 1886) comb. nov. Furthermore, Zonitoschema macroxantha yunnana Kaszab, 1960 is provisionally raised to Z. yunnanum stat. nov. A lectotype is designated for Zonitoschema fuscimembris. Six new Chinese province records of five species (Denierella emmerichi, Epicauta obscurocephala, Epicauta sibirica, Lytta suturella, and Mylabris aulica) are reported. Illustrations are provided for 21 type specimens, the aedeagus of two Zonitoschema species, and the antennomere XI of two Mylabris species.
TL;DR: This paper describes the embryonic development of Lytta viridana from oviposition to the formation of the blastema, believed to be the first record of this phenomenon in insects.
Abstract: This paper describes the embryonic development of Lytta viridana from oviposition to the formation of the blastema. The egg has the features commonly found in an insect egg. Bilateral symmetry is shown by the shape of the egg, variation in thickness of the vitelline membrane, and distribution of the yolk components. In the newly laid egg the vitelline membrane is porous. This is believed to be the first record of this phenomenon in insects. During cell division chromatin elimination occurs along the spindle to the equatorial plane. It is especially marked in the first meiotic division, but continues into late cleavage. During the first 4 hours the periplasm flows first forward to the cephalic region and then caudad along the central axis. The belief is expressed that this movement is associated with the prefusion movements of the sperm and fertilization. Fertilization occurs at about 3 hours. During the first 14 hours of development, marked morphogenetic movements of the deutoplasm occur.
TL;DR: A comprehensive taxonomic catalogue of the Mexican representatives of the family Meloidae is presented, including a revised synonymical list including type localities and published geographical records for all known species.
Abstract: A comprehensive taxonomic catalogue of the Mexican representatives of the family Meloidae is presented. The catalogue includes a revised synonymical list including type localities and published geographical records for all known species. The Mexican Fauna of Meloidae currently includes 255 extant species, plus one only known from the fossil record, arranged in 21 genera within the subfamilies Meloinae, Nemognathinae and Tetraonycinae. The last comprehensive catalogue published (Blackwelder, 1945) recorded the presence of 160 species of Meloidae in Mexico, almost 100 species less than the current known number. However the current number of species seems to be far below the actual number, since many species widely distributed along the northern border, within the United States, are likely to be found also in Mexico. Regarding taxonomic and nomenclatural changes, in this catalogue we propose the use of the names Epicauta dugesi Werner, 1957 and Tegrodera erosa extincta Beauregard, 1890; we propose three new synonymies for Nemognatha chrysomeloides (Linnaeus, 1763) (N. atra Beauregard, 1890; N. pallidicollis Beauregard, 1890 and N. violacea Beauregard, 1890) and one for E. dugesi (Epicauta tamara Adams & Selander, 1979); we designate lectotype for Lytta koltzei var. minor Haag-Rutenberg, 1880 with the goal of resolving the taxonomic problem generated by the previous invalid designation of lectotype for L. k. var. cyanescens; and finally we consider Cissites maculata (Swederus, 1787) and Tetraonyx (Tetraonyx) bimaculatus (Klug, 1825) as species to be possibly excluded from the Mexican checklist.
TL;DR: The morphology of the chorion and associated structures in the egg of Lytta viridana as observed through the light microscope and the electron microscope and their significance in connection with water conservation, respiration, and sperm entry is discussed.
Abstract: This paper deals with the morphology of the chorion and associated structures in the egg of Lytta viridana as observed through the light microscope and the electron microscope. The chorion proper i...