Topic
LRRTM1
About: LRRTM1 is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 50 publications have been published within this topic receiving 13348 citations. The topic is also known as: entrez:347730 & leucine rich repeat transmembrane neuronal 1.
Papers
TL;DR: The authors reported mutations in two X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 in siblings with autism spectrum disorders, which affect cell-adhesion molecules localized at the synapse and suggest that a defect of synaptogenesis may predispose to autism.
Abstract: Many studies have supported a genetic etiology for autism. Here we report mutations in two X-linked genes encoding neuroligins NLGN3 and NLGN4 in siblings with autism-spectrum disorders. These mutations affect cell-adhesion molecules localized at the synapse and suggest that a defect of synaptogenesis may predispose to autism.
1,913 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that deletion mutant mice lacking neuroligin expression die shortly after birth due to respiratory failure, and that neuroligins are required for proper synapse maturation and brain function, but not for the initial formation of synaptic contacts.
885 citations
TL;DR: The polymorphic structure of the neurexins, their neural localization, and their sequence similarity to proteins associated with neurogenesis suggest a function as cell recognition molecules in the nerve terminal.
Abstract: A family of highly polymorphic neuronal cell surface proteins, the neurexins, has been identified. At least two genes for neurexins exist. Each gene uses alternative promoters and multiple variably spliced exons to potentially generate more than a 100 different neurexin transcripts. The neurexins were discovered by the identification of one member of the family as the receptor for alpha-latrotoxin. This toxin is a component of the venom from black widow spiders; it binds to presynaptic nerve terminals and triggers massive neurotransmitter release. Neurexins contain single transmembrane regions and extracellular domains with repeated sequences similar to sequences in laminin A, slit, and agrin, proteins that have been implicated in axon guidance and synaptogenesis. An antibody to neurexin I showed highly concentrated immunoreactivity at the synapse. The polymorphic structure of the neurexins, their neural localization, and their sequence similarity to proteins associated with neurogenesis suggest a function as cell recognition molecules in the nerve terminal.
708 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that neurexins are concentrated at synapses and that purified neuroligin is sufficient to cluster neURExin and to induce presynaptic differentiation and it is found that beta-neurexin clustering is necessary to trigger the recruitment of synaptic vesicles through interactions that require the cytoplasmic domain of neureXin.
Abstract: Neurexins are a large family of proteins that act as neuronal cell-surface receptors. The function and localization of the various neurexins, however, have not yet been clarified. Beta-neurexins are candidate receptors for neuroligin-1, a postsynaptic membrane protein that can trigger synapse formation at axon contacts. Here we report that neurexins are concentrated at synapses and that purified neuroligin is sufficient to cluster neurexin and to induce presynaptic differentiation. Oligomerization of neuroligin is required for its function, and we find that beta-neurexin clustering is sufficient to trigger the recruitment of synaptic vesicles through interactions that require the cytoplasmic domain of neurexin. We propose a two-step model in which postsynaptic neuroligin multimers initially cluster axonal neurexins. In response to this clustering, neurexins nucleate the assembly of a cytoplasmic scaffold to which the exocytotic apparatus is recruited.
651 citations
TL;DR: Initial knockdown and knockout studies indicate that neurexins and neuroligins have an essential role in synaptic transmission, particularly at GABAergic synapses, but further studies are needed to assess the in vivo functions of these complex protein families.
650 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2016 | 2 |
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2013 | 1 |
| 2012 | 1 |
| 2011 | 7 |