Long eyelashes

Abstract: Two children with abnormally long eyelashes and bushy brows ("trichomegaly") present at birth and associated with pigmentary degeneration of the retina and general growth retardation are described. This combination of findings has been observed previously in three cases. Mental retardation, sparse scalp hair, endocrinologic deficiencies and (in one of our cases) koilonychia may be found in addition, but not necessarily.

Abstract: Milia are common, mostly affecting the head and neck region. A rare type of milia is milia en plaque, located mostly around the ears. The clinical presentation is characterized by multiple milia within an erythematous plaque. It arises on healthy skin in predisposed individuals without known causative or trigger factors. Typical histologic findings are tiny dermal cysts filled with orthokeratotic, laminated keratin and lined by a stratified squamous epithelium. A mild perivascular lymphocytic or mixed infiltrate may be present.

Abstract: Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Its untoward cutaneous effects are largely well known and developed in many patients treated with EGFR TKIs. However trichomegaly of eyelash is rarely reported. Although trichomegaly is not a drug-limiting side effect, it could be troublesome of continuing the treatment because of cosmetic issue or eyeball irritation by long eyelashes. Therefore clinicians are needed to pay attention to this uncommon effect. We herein describe erlotinib induced trichomegaly of eyelashes in a woman with adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Abstract: Oliver–McFarlane syndrome, first described by Oliver and McFarlane [1965], is characterized by growth failure, mental retardation, trichomegaly, pigmentary retinal degeneration, growth hormone deficiency, and peripheral neuropathy. To our knowledge, seven patients with the syndrome have been reported (Table I). We here describe two unrelated boys with trichomegaly and mental retardation, but without pigmentary retinal degeneration. One of them also lacks growth retardation. Patient 1, a 3-year-old Japanese boy, is the second child of nonconsanguineous parents. He was born at 38 weeks of gestation with a weight of 3,550 g (þ0.5 SD). The mother and father were 36 and 38 years, respectively, when the boy was born. When examined at the age of 2 11/12 years, his height was 83.5 cm ( 2.5 SD) and weight 10.12 kg ( 2.1 SD). He had long, curly eyelashes (left 23 mm and right 22 mm), and long eyebrows, sparse and curled hair, bulging frontal and occipital bones, epicanthal folds, and micrognathia (Fig. 1A). He had distal muscle atrophy. Pigmentary degeneration of the retina was not present until now. He had sleep apnea due to an upper airway obstruction, and a swallowing difficulty. His development was delayed: he lifted his head at the age of 12 months and spoke at 22 years. Now aged 3 2 3 years, he stands supported. His teeth have erupted since the age of 12 years. There is no evidence of axonal peripheral neuropathy. Laboratory tests were negative for hypothyroidism. Basal somatomedin C, LH, and FSH levels were undetectable, but the triple bolus challenge test elicited an age-appropriate response. Bone age was <12 months at the chronological age of 22 years. Brain CT showed no abnormalities. Patient 2, a 3-year-old boy, was born at 39 weeks of gestation with a weight of 4,149 g (þ2.3 SD) from his healthy mother. He had a prominent forehead, sparse and curly hair, long curly eyelashes (more than 25 mm), bushy eyebrows, low-set ears, and a high-arched palate (Fig. 1B). He lifted his head at the age of 4 months, spoke at 17 months, and stood unsupported at the age of 2 years. He had an atrial septal defect that improved with increasing age. Thyroid hormone, LH, and FSH levels were normal. Ophthalmological examination at the age of 3 years showed neither pigmentary retinal degeneration nor macrocornea. The seven reported patients, five boys and two girls, with the Oliver–McFarlane syndrome were all sporadic; had long eyelashes and eyebrows, and sparse hair or alopecia; and all developed pigmentary retinal degeneration before the age of 2 years (Table I). The two boys we described had most of these clinical manifestations,