Lifecycle Modeling Language

Abstract: "Internet of Things" (IoT) and "Smart City" are widely recognized to address the complexity of modern city operation. Concentration of population, scarcity of resources and environmental concerns are the main challenges that face city operators, and make ordinary service provisioning less efficient. In city environment, IoT sensors can be sources of real-time data; and, IoT actuators can execute real-time actions in the physical domain. IoT systems range from domain-specific to cross-sectoral systems where valuable data/ information flow across interconnected complex systems. Yet, to integrate domain-specific IoT systems into the complete vision of Smart City, as a System of Systems (SoS), there is a need to address heterogeneity of data sources, diversity of application domains and the big number of stakeholders across different phases of lifecycle. This paper suggests Service Lifecycle Management (SLM) concepts and Lifecycle Modeling Language (LML) to analyze, plan, specify, design, build and maintain IoT-enabled Smart City Service Systems.

Abstract: As systems become more complex, the systems engineering community must find new and more efficient ways of dealing with complexity throughout the system's lifecycle. Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) has proven to be effective at managing complexity through the development of systems in a virtual environment. Several languages have been developed in the spirit of MBSE; however, these languages often do not include the full spectrum of information needed for holistic system solutions. The Lifecycle Modeling Language (LML) has been developed to provide extensible language that contains both visualization models and an ontology. When LML is coupled with the Systems Modeling Language (SysML), the result is a modeling constructs that better supports systems engineering processes across the entire spectrum of lifecycle concerns. This coupling will not only be beneficial today, but could serve as a catalyst for a future MBSE environment.

Abstract: It is common to have numerous alternatives and con- ditions that remain uncertain, but these need to be assessed in decision-making processes. Investigators introduce decision- makers' anticipations and assumptions into analysis when build- ing strategies as a form of scenario. In such a way, scenario analysis is often used as a powerful vehicle for decision making. While a number of LCA case studies dealing with scenarios have been performed, structured frameworks integrating LCA with scenario analysis methodologies have not yet been established. In this paper, we first propose a general framework for scenario- based LCA. The framework provides retrospective and prospec- tive studies with a clear structure. The most important charac- teristic of the structure is the recognition and separation of three modeling processes, lifecycle modeling, scenario modeling, and valuation modeling, to aim at an increase in reviewability of the entire study and reusability of the constructed models. Next, we introduce a tool, termed lifecycle modeling language (LCML), developed for modeling lifecycle systems and valuation proce- dures with its relevant scenarios within the proposed frame- work. LCML facilitates accumulating knowledge obtained from scenario-based LCA studies, by reusing the constructed models, or by applying the same patterns identified from the LCML de- scription, and contributes to reducing the time and efforts needed for an investigation. An illustrative example is presented to show the functionality of LCML.

Abstract: Smart services are an approach for the IT-supported provision of services based on networked products. They enable new relationships between manufacturers and end users, as well as the establishment of new value-creation networks. To gain benefits from these potentials, service providers face the challenges of designing and managing smart services. This is mainly due to the complexity of the underlying cyber-physical system (CPS) as well as the individual life cycles of components and third-party services it consists of. Additionally, a number of actors and their tasks, various tangible and intangible benefits, as well as flows of material, information and money need to be considered during the planning and provisioning of the service. In this paper, we investigate the potential of modelling smart services with the Lifecycle Modeling Language (LML). To this end, we analyse the fulfillment of information need of different stakeholders based on a consumable material replenishment service for 3D printers.