Lien

Abstract: This paper examines apparent fraud among securitized non-agency loans using three indicators: unreported second liens, owner occupancy misreporting, and appraisal overstatements. We find that around 48% of loans exhibited at least one indicator of misrepresentation. Surprisingly, misreporting is similar in both low and full-documentation loans and is associated with a 51% higher likelihood of delinquency. Two-thirds of loans with unreported second liens had the same originator issuing both the first and second lien. Misrepresentations in MBS pools can explain substantial cross-sectional differences in future losses. Losses were predictable and initiating from apparent fraud by MBS underwriters and loan originators.

Abstract: A debt obligation issued to a holder by an entity which obligation is backed by a group of property owners, each owning an individual property, where the entity obtains from each owner cross-collateralized lien and loan agreements in which the owners promise to pay his or her periodic payments to the entity and to pay, if defaults occur, each and every other owner's periodic payments. The method of creating and servicing such obligation includes use of calculating equipment. The system includes pre-organization effort to assemble a peer lending group of potential property owners and causing the entity to purchase the homes at a below-market price using temporary financing which is later consolidated in bond financing.

Abstract: Les données issues de l'outil de gestion CardObs et de son application mobile Carnat (hors programme relavant d'un cadre d'acquisition spécifique) regroupent les observations de naturalistes expérimentés. Ces observations concernent la faune, la flore et la fonge tant continentales que marines. L’emprise géographique des saisies couvre la France métropolitaine et l’Outre-mer. Les données peuvent être opportunistes aussi bien que protocolées en fonction des utilisateurs, et peuvent disposer de champs complémentaires propres à chaque jeu de données. L'outil CardObs a été mis en place en 2007 par le Service du Patrimoine Naturel du MNHN. Il est actuellement géré par PatriNat (OFB, MNHN, CNRS, IRD).

Abstract: A real estate transaction and release tracking system ensures deeds of trust, liens and other encumbrances are released in a timely manner after a specified (or statutory) period of time following settlement of a real estate transaction. Based on information provided by an agent, such as an escrow agent or a settlement agent, the system creates a unique electronic record for each real estate transaction entered by the agent. The system tracks lien status information, either automatically from other computers or via manual input from searchers, and uses this status information to track each real estate transaction. The system monitors the records and indicates when a lien holder has failed to release their lien after a statutory time period that begins after the passing of the settlement date. When the statutory time period has passed, the system can generate a number of forms, including a demand letter as controlled optionally by the system or the user. The demand letter can be sent to the lien holder demanding them to release the lien. If the lien is not thereafter released, further legal documents can be generated and sent to a law firm or enforcement agent for legal action to be taken against the delinquent lien holder.