TL;DR: Structural characteristics of the ampullary organs of Kryptopterus make them especially suitable for electrophysiological studies.
Abstract: Ampullary organs of the transparent catfish, Kryptopterus bicirrhus, are present in large numbers on the head and in a regular pattern of lines on the body and fins. The organs lie in the epidermis, and have a pore that opens to the surface. Flattened cells form a roof and walls. On the floor of the organ there are a “sensory hillock,” composed of spherical receptor cells and columnar supporting cells, and a “secretory hillock” composed of columnar secretory cells. The receptor cells are nonciliated and have only afferent innervation. The organ cavity is filled with jelly. The organs are compared with ampullary organs of the weakly electric fish Eigenmannia, ampullae of Lorenzini of Raja, and small pit organs of Amiurus. Structural characteristics of the ampullary organs of Kryptopterus make them especially suitable for electrophysiological studies.
TL;DR: This analysis revealed four additional putative synapomorphies of the Siluridae, pending further resolution of the family's outgroup relationships, which are based on 23 terminal groups and 63 morphological characters.
TL;DR: The need for future studies directed to limit the period of antigen expression after DNA vaccination is stressed, as luciferase is not representative of all types of antigen.
TL;DR: The identity of the glass catfish, a species of Asian freshwater fish commonly encountered as an ornamental fish and an experimental subject that has long been misidentified as either Kryptopterus bicirrhis or K. minor, is resolved.
Abstract: We resolve the identity of the glass catfish, a species of Asian freshwater fish commonly encountered as an ornamental fish and an experimental subject that has long been misidentified as either Kryptopterus bicirrhis or K. minor. Our study indicates that the glass catfish is an unnamed species distinct from either, which we describe here as Kryptopterus vitreolus. Kryptopterus vitreolus is known from river drainages in peninsular and southeastern Thailand, and is distinguished from congeners in having a combination of: transparent body in life, maxillary barbels reaching beyond the base of the first anal-fin, dorsal profile with a pronounced nuchal concavity, snout length 29-35% head length (HL), eye diameter 28-34% HL, slender body (depth at anus 16-20% standard length (SL)) and caudal peduncle (depth 4-7% SL), 14-18 rakers on the first gill arch, and 48-55 anal-fin rays.
TL;DR: The time course of the spontaneous discharge of Kryptopterus ampullary electroreceptors may change from regular to bursting upon impalement by a glass microelectrode, which is very constant relative to the interburst interval, during spontaneous fluctuations as well as in response to low-frequency stimulation.