Knapping

Abstract: Acknowledgments 1 Introduction Using This Book Learning to Knap 2 Flintknapping: Basic Principles Flintknapping Conchoidal Fracture Properties of Material Flakes and Cores 3 A Brief History of Flintknapping Prehistory of Stone Tools Recent "Stone-Age" People Modern Knapping Further Readings Other Resources: Finding Other Knappers 4 Raw Materials Stone Quality Stone Materials Heat-Treating Collecting Material: Ethical and Practical Considerations 5 Safety Proper Technique Eyes Hands Other Body Parts Lungs Waste Disposal Benefits 6 Hard-Hammer Percussion Material and Equipment Percussion-Flaking Principles: An Experiment Percussion Flaking Platforms The Face of the Core Terminations Curvature Starting a Core Summary: Nine Essentials Examples 7 Pressure Flaking Tools Raw Material First Principles Working Position Beginning Platform Preparation Thinning Notching Other Pressure-Flaking Techniques Summary: Six Essentials Application: Small Triangular Points from the Southwest Pressure-Flaking Problems Patterned Pressure Flaking 8 Soft-Hammer Percussion and Bifaces Definitions Tools Beginning Soft-Hammer Principles and Results Biface Thinning Flakes Fracture Theories The Blow Platforms Biface Stages Knapping Strategy and Other Considerations Example: A Basic Biface Biface Problems: Prehistoric Mistakes Summary 9 Blades and Fluting Blades Platforms Holding Punches The Blow Fluting Example: Fluted Point 10 Using Stone Tools Stone vs Steel Edges and Cutting Making a Projectile Foreshaft Going On 11 Archaeological Analysis of Stone Tools Typology Stone Tool Types and Change through Time What People Did with Stones Sources of Variation: Why Stone Tools Are Not All Alike Analyzing Stone Tool Materials Technology and What It Tells Us Figuring Out Function Questions of Style Conclusions Appendix: Resources for Knappers References Index