Topic
Kiwaidae
About: Kiwaidae is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 21 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1069 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: A survey of Antarctic waters along the East Scotia Ridge in the Southern Ocean reveals a new vent biogeographic province among previously uncharacterized deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities.
Abstract: Since the first discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents along the Galapagos Rift in 1977, numerous vent sites and endemic faunal assemblages have been found along mid-ocean ridges and back-arc basins at low to mid latitudes. These discoveries have suggested the existence of separate biogeographic provinces in the Atlantic and the North West Pacific, the existence of a province including the South West Pacific and Indian Ocean, and a separation of the North East Pacific, North East Pacific Rise, and South East Pacific Rise. The Southern Ocean is known to be a region of high deep-sea species diversity and centre of origin for the global deep-sea fauna. It has also been proposed as a gateway connecting hydrothermal vents in different oceans but is little explored because of extreme conditions. Since 2009 we have explored two segments of the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) in the Southern Ocean using a remotely operated vehicle. In each segment we located deep-sea hydrothermal vents hosting high-temperature black smokers up to 382.8uC and diffuse venting. The chemosynthetic ecosystems hosted by these vents are dominated by a new yeti crab (Kiwa n. sp.), stalked barnacles, limpets, peltospiroid gastropods, anemones, and a predatory sea star. Taxa abundant in vent ecosystems in other oceans, including polychaete worms (Siboglinidae), bathymodiolid mussels, and alvinocaridid shrimps, are absent from the ESR vents. These groups, except the Siboglinidae, possess planktotrophic larvae, rare in Antarctic marine invertebrates, suggesting that the environmental conditions of the Southern Ocean may act as a dispersal filter for vent taxa. Evidence from the distinctive fauna, the unique community structure, and multivariate analyses suggest that the Antarctic vent ecosystems represent a new vent biogeographic province. However, multivariate analyses of species present at the ESR and at other deep-sea hydrothermal vents globally indicate that vent biogeography is more complex than previously recognised.
293 citations
TL;DR: A checklist of the 870 current valid species of squat lobsters of the world (families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae) is presented and includes the complete taxonomic synonymy and geographical distribution of each species.
Abstract: Taxonomic and ecological interest in squat lobsters has grown considerably over the last two decades. A checklist of the 870 current valid species of squat lobsters of the world (families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae) is presented. The compilation includes the complete taxonomic synonymy and geographical distribution of each species plus type information (type locality, repository and registration number). The numbers of described species in the world’s major ocean basins are summarised.
239 citations
TL;DR: The high level classification of the Galatheoidea, popularly known as squat lobsters, has been relatively stable for almost a century, but multiple recent studies of their interrelationships have revealed significant incongruities between the traditional classification and phylogeny.
Abstract: The high level classification of the Galatheoidea, popularly known as squat lobsters, has been relatively stable for almost a century Multiple recent studies of their interrelationships, however, have revealed significant incongruities between the traditional classification and phylogeny The Aeglidae, Chirostylidae and Kiwaidae were recently removed to other superfamilies On the basis of previous phylogenetic analyses, we herein revise the higher classification of the remaining Galatheoidea to comprise four families: Galatheidae, Munididae fam nov, Munidopsidae, and Porcellanidae The galatheoid families are both morphologically and ecologically distinct Members of the Munidopsidae are distinguished by the absence or reduction of the maxilliped 1 flagellum and usually occur in outer slope or abyssal habitats Members of the Munididae fam nov are united by the trifid or trispinous anterior margin of the carapace and usually occur at outer shelf or slope depths The Galatheidae includes primarily shallow water species, united by a broad, triangular rostrum, and is most closely related to the porcelain crabs, Porcellanidae The families of the Galatheoidea are diagnosed and a diagnostic key provided Extant and fossil genera are listed for each galatheoid squat lobster family
147 citations
TL;DR: The Yeti crab, Kiwa hirsuta Macpherson et al., is the single known species in a recently discovered crab family Kiwaidae (Decapoda: Galatheoidea), and the potential for carbon fixation and cycling of reduced and oxidized sulfur appear to exist in the dense microflora that grows on the crab's setae.
Abstract: The Yeti crab, Kiwa hirsuta Macpherson et al., is the single known species in a recently discovered crab family Kiwaidae (Decapoda: Galatheoidea) from deepsea hydrothermal vents. Its chelipeds, walking legs and the ventral surface of its cephalothorax are covered with dense setae that, in turn, are covered with clusters of filamentous bacteria, making the crab appear extraordinarily ‘hairy’. Electron microscopy revealed dense bacterial clusters attached to the
chitinous outer layer of the setae. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed the setae-associated bacteria to be dominated by e-Proteobacteria (~56% of the recovered ribotypes), g-Proteobacteria (~25%) and Bacteroidetes (~10%). Fluorescence in situ microscopy confirmed the attachment of filamentous e-Proteobacteria on setae, but no specialized morphological structures appeared to exist for bacterial attachment. Key enzymes involved in the reductive
tricarboxylic acid cycle (ATP-dependent citrate lyase) and sulfite oxidation or dissimilatory sulfate reduction (bidirectional APS reductase) were detected. Consequently, the potential for carbon fixation and cycling of reduced and oxidized sulfur appear to exist in the dense microflora that grows on the crab’s setae.
97 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Molecular data (18S rRNA) gene confirm the clear difference between anomuran families, placing the new tax a closer to the families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Porcellanidae than t o Aeglidae.
Abstract: A new monotypic family, Kiwaidae n. fam., is proposed for Kiwa hirsut a n. gen., n. s p . , new genus and new species collected in hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, south of Easter Island. The new family belongs t o the superfamily Galatheoidea, having similarities with the famil y Chirostylidae, but with distinctive characters including carapace shape and ornamentation, insertion of fifth pereopod not visible and situated belo w sternal plastron, sternite between third maxillipeds large and strongly produced anteriorly; eyes strongly reduced, antennal scale absent and cheliped s and walking legs with dense mat of setae. Molecular data (18S rRNA) gene confirm the clear difference between anomuran families, placing the new tax a closer to the families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Porcellanidae than t o Aeglidae. Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Galatheoidea, Kiwaidae n. fam., Kiwa n. gen. , hydrothermal vents, Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, new family, new genus, new species.
77 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2018 | 1 |
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2016 | 2 |
| 2015 | 4 |
| 2014 | 2 |
| 2013 | 2 |