Iodipamide

Abstract: Evidence is presented for the activation of serum complement by contrast media, in vitro and in vivo. Activation as a function of concentration was measured and the increasing order of effectiveness was found to be metrizamide, iothalamate, diatrizoate, acetrizoate, iodipamide and iopanoate. This order is the same as for protein binding and enzyme inhibition. The activation mechanism for iodipamide, and by inference for the other compounds, does not involve gamma-globulin aggregation. Serial daily injections in normal dogs resulted in substantial declines in serum complement over several days. Guinea pigs which were depleted of serum complement with cobra venom factor were found to be no less sensitive to lethal doses of iodipamide than those with normal complement. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Abstract: The concentration of iodine within infarcted and normal myocardium after intravenous administration of contrast material was determined by fluorescence excitation analysis in seven dogs at 48 hours after coronary arterial ligation. The iodine concentration of infarcted myocardial tissue was several times greater than normal myocardium after administration of meglumine/sodium diatrizoate, iodipamide, and an experimental polymer of iothalamic acid.

Abstract: Iodipamide, the one intravenous cholangiographic agent in present use, is certainly of great value, although room for improvement in visualization of the bile ducts still exists. Too often the ducts are so faintly visualized as not to permit optimal study or no opaque material is seen at all. Poor or unrecognized liver function can be blamed for some failures, but better cholangiography might be sought in a knowledge of the normal pharmacology of iodipamide and attempts to enhance the biliary excretion of this agent. Precise information on the excretion of iodinated substances into the bile is meager, and there has been relatively little interest in modifying biliary excretion of contrast agents. Measurements of iodipamide in blood, bile, and urine in the dog over a range of intravenous doses is the subject of this paper. Iodipamide was originally introduced as the disodium salt of N, Nadipyl-bis (3-amino-2, 4, 6 triiodobenzoic acid), supplied as a 20 per cent solution. More recently the methylglucamine s...