TL;DR: It was determined that participants have available a single utterance construction format, the compound turn-constructional unit format, which provides the resources needed to complete the utterance-in-progress of another participant, thus allowing for the construction of a single sentence across the talk of two speakers.
Abstract: This article describes how it could be possible for two participants engaged in conversation to jointly produce a single syntactic unit such as a sentence. From an inspection of sentence types that are achieved through such joint production, it was determined that participants have available a single utterance construction format. This format, the compound turn-constructional unit format, may be a component of a socially construed syntax-for-conversation. It can be constituted by a wide range of interactionally relevant features of talk in interaction that reveal an emerging utterance as a multiple component turn-constructional unit. The compound turn-constructional unit format is primarily a resource for turn-taking. It can be used to project the next proper place for speaker change. However, it concomitantly provides the resources needed to complete the utterance-in-progress of another participant, thus allowing for the construction of a single sentence across the talk of two speakers. (Conversation, interaction, recognizable activity)
TL;DR: A pattern analysis system using attributed grammars for pattern classification and description uses a combination of syntactic and statistical pattern recognition techniques, as is demonstrated by illustrative examples and experimental results.
Abstract: Attributed grammars are defned from the pattern recognidon point of view and shown to be useful for descriptions of syntactic stuctures as well as semantic attributes in primitives, subpatterns, and patterns. A pattern analysis system using attributed grammars Is proposed for pattern classification and description. This system extracts primitives and their attributes after preprocessing, performs syntax analysis of the resulting pattern representations, computes and extracts subpattern attributes for syntactically accepted patterns, and finally makes decisions according to the Bayes decision rule. Such a system uses a combination of syntactic and statistical pattern recognition techniques, as is demonstrated by illustrative examples and experimental results.
TL;DR: How to validate existing pattern languages, how to develop them, and how they evolve are described are described.
Abstract: Pattern languages help us to tackle the complexity of a wide variety of systems ranging from computer software, to buildings and cities. Each "pattern" represents a rule governing one working piece of a complex system, and the application of pattern languages can be done systematically. Design that wishes to connect to human beings needs the information contained in a pattern language. This paper describes how to validate existing pattern languages, how to develop them, and how they evolve. The connective geometry of urban interfaces is derived from the architectural patterns of Christopher Alexander.
TL;DR: In this article, a natural language understanding system takes a sentence as input and returns some representation of the possible meanings of the sentence as output (the interpretation) using a run-time interpreter that assigns interpretations to sentences and a compiler that produces (in a computer memory) an internal specification needed for the runtime interpreter from a user specification of the semantics of the application.
Abstract: A computerized method for building and running natural language understanding systems, wherein a natural language understanding system takes a sentence as input and returns some representation of the possible meanings of the sentence as output (the “interpretation”) using a run-time interpreter that assigns interpretations to sentences and a compiler that produces (in a computer memory) an internal specification needed for the run-time interpreter from a user specification of the semantics of the application. The compiler builds a natural language system, while the run-time interpreter runs the system.
TL;DR: The context for the problem, the layers in the design pattern language, and descriptions of the patterns themselves are presented, which provide background for a lively discussion of this pattern language.
Abstract: Parallel programming is stuck. To make progress, we need to step back and understand the software people wish to engineer. We do this with a design pattern language. This paper provides background for a lively discussion of this pattern language. We present the context for the problem, the layers in the design pattern language, and descriptions of the patterns themselves.