Showing papers on "Interglacial published in 2003"
TL;DR: In this article, a new, accurately dated 250-kyr δ18O and δ13C record determined from speleothems of the Peqiin Cave, Northern Israel is presented.
973 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between the boundaries of the Eemian Interglacial and the Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS5) is investigated. But the relationship is not defined.
530 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used both 230 Th and 231 Pa dating techniques as a test of age accuracy to date Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea and Barbados corals formed at times since the Last Interglacial Period.
508 citations
TL;DR: In this article, five summer-monsoon proxies from the Northern Arabian Sea are combined using stacking and principal components analysis (PCA) to create two very similar multi-proxy records of summer monsoon variability, which allow evaluation of relative monsoon strength through time as well as the relative concentration of variance within orbital bands; these two parameters are less reliable when estimated from individual proxy records.
371 citations
TL;DR: Under the traditional, historic biogeographical model, temperate-adapted species survived the long unfavorable episodes of the Pleistocene glacials in refugial areas, and then expanded their ranges during interglacial.
Abstract: Tzedakis et al . ([1][1]) reconfirmed the traditional, historic biogeographical model of temperate species in Europe. Under this model, temperate-adapted species survived the long unfavorable episodes of the Pleistocene glacials in refugial areas, and then expanded their ranges during interglacial
332 citations
TL;DR: An isotopic profile from a core drilled at Dome Fuji indicates that Antarctic climate is essentially homogeneous at the scale of the East Antarctic Plateau, possibly as a consequence of the symmetry of the plateau and the adjacent ocean.
Abstract: Recent ice core studies have raised the disturbing possibility that glacial–interglacial climate changes may be non-uniform across Antarctica1,2. These findings have been confined to records from the Ross Sea sector of the continent, but significant deviations in other areas would call into question the widely assumed validity of the climate record obtained from Vostok, East Antarctica, on large spatial scales3. Here we present an isotopic profile from a core drilled at Dome Fuji4,5, situated 1,500 km from Vostok in a different sector of East Antarctica. The two records show remarkable similarities over the past three glacial cycles (the extent of the Dome Fuji record) in both large-amplitude changes, such as terminations, interglacials and interstadials and more subtle glacial events, even when the origin of precipitation is accounted for. Our results indicate that Antarctic climate is essentially homogeneous at the scale of the East Antarctic Plateau, possibly as a consequence of the symmetry of the plateau and the adjacent ocean.
292 citations
1 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that the period from 405 to 340 ka before present (BP), including a large part of Marine Isotope Stage 11, could be a good analogue for future climate.
Abstract: Past analogues for our present interglacial or even warmer periods have been sought in order to better understand our present and future climate. Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, more precisely substage 5e, has long been considered to be a good candidate. However, there were some elements against this analogy in the data themselves [Kukla et al. Quat. Sci. Rev. 16 (6) (1997) 605], as well as in the mechanisms [Berger, 1989 Response of the climate system to CO2 and astronomical forcings. In: Paleo-Analogs, IPCC Working Group I, Bath, 20-21 November 1989] and forcing related to both periods. Here we suggest that the period from 405 to 340 ka before present (BP), including a large part of Marine Isotope Stage 11, could be a good analogue for future climate. The insolation over this interval shows a strong linear correlation with the insolation signal over the recent past and the future. In addition, simulations using the climate model developed in Louvain-la-Neuve (LLN 2-D NH) show that both MIS 11 and the future are characterized by small amount (if any) of continental ice, with almost no variation during the whole interval. In contrast, MIS 5 is exhibiting larger variability in simulated ice volume. This confirms that the interval [405-340 ka BP] may lead to a better understanding of our present and future warm climate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
279 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a chronology of strath-terrace formation spanning similar to 900 k.y. has been generated on the basis of loess-paleosol couplets and paleomagnetic, thermoluminescence, and radiocarbon dating in the Qilian Shan of northeastern Tibet.
Abstract: The timing of the development of strath terraces with respect to climatic variability remains equivocal. Previous studies attribute strath-terrace formation to glacial or interglacial climates or to variations in sediment and water fluxes that cause lateral erosion followed by vertical incision. A chronology of strath-terrace formation spanning similar to900 k.y. has been generated on the basis of loess-paleosol couplets and paleomagnetic, thermoluminescence, and radiocarbon dating of strath terraces in the Qilian Shan of northeastern Tibet. Repetitive stratigraphic and geomorphic patterns on each terrace indicate that they formed during glacial-interglacial transitions. Long-term bedrock incision rates and inferred rock uplift rates appear steady and unrelated to strath formation over the past 900 k.y.
244 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a high-resolution pollen record was obtained from ODP Site 1144 (water depth 2037 m), northern South China Sea for the last 103 million years according to micropaleontological and isotopic stratigraphy The pollen assemblages are characterized by high proportions of Pinus and herb pollen, and by their frequent alternations.
229 citations
TL;DR: Goy et al. as discussed by the authors conducted detailed geological mapping, morphostratigraphic, palaeontological and geochronological analyses on the raised marine terraces and interbedded terrestrial deposits along the Spanish peninsular and insular Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts.
210 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a geochronological study of central Alaska showed that only moderate loess deposition took place during the last glacial period and that vegetation plays a key role in loess accumulation in Alaska.
TL;DR: In this paper, an independent chronology based on pedostratigraphy, magnetic susceptibility, radiocarbon and luminescence dating was developed for 79 sites and used to estimate aeolian mass accumulation rates (MARs) for marine isotope stages 1-5.
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of the present-day rain and cave water isotopic compositions and amounts at the Ma'ale Efrayim Cave site with those on the western flank shows that evaporation and higher temperatures on the eastern flank are major influences on isotopic composition.
TL;DR: In this article, a new direct pollen-orbital tuning procedure, based on a correspondence between changes in certain vegetation elements and March and June perihelion configurations, is applied to the Tenaghi Philippon record, northeast Greece.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present two high-resolution compound-specific carbon isotope records of n-alkanes from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) as vegetation biomarkers to estimate the relative abundance of C4 plants during the last two glacial/interglacial transitions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the deep-sea oxygen isotope record to reconstructing the history of the Brunhes epoch and the Matuyama epoch at Karamaydan, Tadjikistan.
TL;DR: A detailed multiproxy study, including bulk and clay mineralogy, grain-size analysis, phosphorus geochemistry (SEDEX extraction), organic matter characterization, and nitrogen stable isotopes, was carried out on samples from ODP Sites 1143 and 1144 (Leg 184, South China Sea), covering the past 140,000 years.
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of aeolian pollen in marine sediments is used to reconstruct pathways of terrigenous input to the oceans and provide a record of vegetation change on adjacent continents.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a test on the potential of optical dating for the age assessment of Late Quaternary deep-sea sediments were presented. But the results were limited to nine samples from two independently dated deep sea cores from the Indian Ocean.
TL;DR: A new record combining isotopic and palynological results over the interval 133-111 ka BP at 100-200 year resolution from a long lacustrine sequence at Ioannina, northwest Greece is presented in this article.
TL;DR: A pollen record from the Huelmo site (ca 41°30′S) shows that vegetation and climate changed at millennial time-scales during the last glacial to Holocene transition in the mid-latitude region of western South America.
Abstract: A pollen record from the Huelmo site (ca 41°30′S) shows that vegetation and climate changed at millennial time-scales during the last glacial to Holocene transition in the mid-latitude region of western South America The record shows that a Nothofagus parkland dominated the landscape between 16 400 and 14 600 14C yr BP, along with Magellanic Moorland and cupressaceous conifers Evergreen North Patagonian rainforest taxa expanded in pulses at 14 200 and 13 000 14C yr BP, following a prominent rise in Nothofagus at 14 600 14C yr BP Highly diverse, closed canopy rainforests dominated the lowlands between 13 000 and 12 500 14C yr BP, followed by the expansion of cold-resistant podocarps and Nothofagus at ca 12 500 and 11 500 14C yr BP Local disturbance by fire favoured the expansion of shade-intolerant opportunistic taxa between 10 900 and 10 200 14C yr BP Subsequent warming pulses at 10 200 and 9100 14C yr BP led to the expansion of thermophilous, summer-drought resistant Valdivian rainforest trees until 6900 14C yr BP
Our results suggest that cold and hyperhumid conditions characterised the final phase of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), between 16 400 and 14 600 14C yr BP The last ice age Termination commenced with a prominent warming event that led to a rapid expansion of North Patagonian trees and the abrupt withdrawal of Andean ice lobes from their LGM positon at ca 147 000 14C yr BP Hyperhumid conditions prevailed between 16 400 and 13 000 14C yr BP, what we term the ‘extreme glacial mode’ of westerly activity This condition was brought about by a northward shift and/or intensification of the southern westerlies The warmest/driest conditions of the last glacial–interglacial transition occurred between 9100 and 6900 14C yr BP During this period, the westerlies shifted to an ‘extreme interglacial mode’ of activity, via a poleward migration of stormtracks Our results indicate that a highly variable climatic interval lasting 5500 14C years separate the opposite extremes of vegetation and climate during the last glacial-interglacial cycle, ie the end of the LGM and the onset of the early Holocene warm and dry period Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate that mean sea surface temperatures (SST) in this region during the LGM were on average 1.5 ± 0.5� C lower than the late Holocene (LH)-last glacial maximum (LGM) d 18 O amplitudes.
Abstract: record mean late Holocene (LH)-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) d 18 O amplitudes ranging between 1.0 and 1.3%. We estimate that mean sea surface temperatures (SST) in this region during the LGM were on average 1.5 ± 0.5� C lower than the LH. Larger d 18 O amplitudes are observed in sites north of the equator, indicating a spatial pattern of reduced meridional SST gradient across the equator during the LGM. This result is supported by comparison of Mg/Ca SST reconstructions from two sites straddling the equator. We interpret the reduction of this gradient during the LGM as evidence for a less intense cold tongue-Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) frontal system, a more southerly position of the ITCZ, and weaker southeast equatorial trades in the EEP. INDEXTERMS: 1620 Global Change: Climate dynamics (3309); 3339 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Ocean/atmosphere interactions (0312, 4504); 3344 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Paleoclimatology; 4231 Oceanography: General: Equatorial oceanography; 4267 Oceanography: General: Paleoceanography; KEYWORDS: cold tongue, ITCZ, oxygen isotopes, tropical Pacific
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between color changes of loess deposits and paleoclimate conditions was examined in a north-south transect consisting of twelve loess sections, which accumulated over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles.
Abstract: [1] To examine the relationship between color changes of loess deposits and paleoclimate conditions, a north-south transect consisting of twelve loess sections were studied. Color reflectance was measured on loess-paleosol samples from the loess transect which accumulated over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles. The redness value, a*, shows an overall southward increase for both loess and soil units, coinciding with the pattern of a southerly increase in pedogenic development and the present north-south climatic gradient. The redness of loess deposits is linearly correlated with latitude values, implying that this parameter is an efficient proxy for the weathering intensity of loess deposits. The gradient of weathering intensity is much steeper during interglacials than in glacials, by comparison of color records for different time interval.
TL;DR: A multi-proxy environmental record for the Devensian (Weichselian) Lateglacial and early Holocene periods, which includes pollen, plant macrofossil, coleopteran, geochemical and stable-isotope data, is described from a site at Llanilid, South Wales, UK as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, a set of available data, and try to correlate and compare the three long lacustrine sequences from France (La Grande Pile, Les Echets and Le Velay) with other west European discontinuous limnic deposits, fluvial systems and lœss accumulations.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of some of the accomplishments in understanding Quaternary sea-level fluctuations as recorded on the coastlines of the United States and emphasize on the sea level record of the last interglacial complex.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of some of the accomplishments in understanding Quaternary sea-level fluctuations as recorded on the coastlines of the United States and emphasizes on the sea-level record of the last interglacial complex. Many of the sea-level high stands of the Quaternary are recorded in the reef record of the tectonically stable Florida Keys. Stratigraphic studies show that the deposits of prelast-interglacial high stands are present, although dating is yet to establish the precise timing of these deposits. Reefs and coral-bearing marine deposits, both emergent and submergent, are identified, mapped, and dated in the Hawaiian Islands. Prelast-interglacial high sea stands are recorded on the coast of California, and several fossil-bearing localities in southern California hold promise for unraveling middle and early Pleistocene sea-level history. The longer-term Quaternary sea-level record of the Atlantic Coastal Plain is apparent in thick stratigraphic sequences, multiple aminozones ranging back to the early Pleistocene. The reasons for the discrepancies between the coastal sea-level record and the deep-sea oxygen isotope record are not understood but provide an important challenge to future investigations on the coasts of the United States.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the mineralogical composition of two cores recovered on the Academician Ridge (Central Lake Baikal, Siberia) and found that the cores are unaffected by turbidity currents.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an account of recent developments, largely instigated by a paper by Kukla et al. (1997), and a re-evaluation of previous assumptions of synchroneity between marine and terrestrial stage boundaries and also between northern and southern European changes.
TL;DR: Otto-Bliesner et al. as mentioned in this paper used the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM) for the last glacial-interglacial cycle to reproduce recent estimates, based on alkenones and Mg/Ca ratios, of sea surface temperature (SST) changes and gradients in the tropical Pacific.
Abstract: (1) Simulations with the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM), a global, coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice model, for the last glacial-interglacial cycle reproduce recent estimates, based on alkenones and Mg/Ca ratios, of sea surface temperature (SST) changes and gradients in the tropical Pacific and predict weaker El Ninos/La Ninas compared to present for the Holocene and stronger El Ninos/La Ninas for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Changes for the LGM (Holocene) are traced to a weakening (strengthening) of the tropical Pacific zonal SST gradient, wind stresses, and upwelling and a sharpening (weakening) of the tropical thermocline. Results suggest that proxy evidence of weaker precipitation variability in New Guinea and Ecuador are explained not only by changes in El Nino/ La Nina but also changes in the atmospheric circulation and hydrologic cycle. INDEX TERMS: 3344 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Paleoclimatology; 4267 Oceanography: General: Paleoceanography; 4522 Oceanography: Physical: El Nino; 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation; 9604 Information Related to Geologic Time: Cenozoic. Citation: Otto-Bliesner, B. L., E. C. Brady, S.-I. Shin, Z. Liu, and C. Shields, Modeling El Nino and its tropical teleconnections during the last glacial-interglacial cycle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(23), 2198, doi:10.1029/2003GL018553, 2003.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize data on the fluvial systems of Mainland Gujarat, Saurashtra and Kachchh to evaluate the roles of geological factors in the evolution of these drylands.