TL;DR: In the comparatist approach as discussed by the authors, a scientific theory is not judged to be right or wrong in itself, but as more true or false in comparison with an alternative, and a comparison between two alternatives needs a standard and ultimately, truth is the standard of science.
Abstract: The fundamental idea in the comparatist approach presented here is that a scientific theory is not judged to be right or wrong in itself, but as more true or false in comparison with an alternative. A comparison between two alternatives needs a standard and ultimately, truth is the standard of science. Comparatism follows the objectivist tradition. The most significant deviation from major ideas in the objectivist school is proposing a less dominating role for falsification. The comparatism perspective is then applied to some controversies of methodology in economics. Comparatism is claimed to be a descriptive model for much of science and to be a normative model for constructive guidance of scientific inquiry.